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| Malinga, Rebecka; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; rebecka.malinga@stockholmresilience.su.se; Gordon, Line J.; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; line.gordon@stockholmresilience.su.se; Lindborg, Regina; Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University; regina.lindborg@natgeo.su.se; Jewitt, Graham; Centre for Water Resources Research, Umgeni Water Chair of Water Resources Management, University of KwaZulu-Natal ; jewittg@ukzn.ac.za. |
| There is a growing interest in assessing ecosystem services to improve ecosystem management in landscapes containing a mix of different ecosystems. While methodologies for assessing ecosystem services are constantly improving, only little attention has been given to the identification of which ecosystem services to assess. Service selection is mostly based on current state of the landscape although many landscapes are both inherently complex and rapidly changing. In this study we examine whether scenario development, a tool for dealing with uncertainties and complexities of the future, gives important insights into the selection of ecosystem services in changing landscapes. Using an agricultural landscape in South Africa we compared different sets of... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Complexity; Ecosystem services; Future; Landscape; Scenarios; Social-ecological systems; South Africa; Uncertainties. |
| Ano: 2013 |
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| Walker, Brian; CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems; Brian.Walker@csiro.au; Steffen, Will; ; Will.Steffen@dwe.csiro.au. |
| Global change is the net effect of individual and interactive effects of changes in land use, atmospheric composition, biological diversity, and climate. A synthesis of the past six years' activities of the Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems project of the IGBP (International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme) deals with global change effects as ecosystem responses and living with global change. Ecosystem responses are considered in terms of changes in function and vegetation composition/structure. Field experiments of elevated CO2 effects on aboveground biomass show, on average, a positive effect on biomass, ranging from -20% to +80%. Some early predictions of CO2 effects (C3 vs. C4 plants, N-fixers, C:N in litter) are not generally supported, and it... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Biomes; Carbon dioxide; Climate; Dynamics; Ecosystem functioning; Global change; Impacts; Land use; Terrestrial biosphere; Vegetation changes.. |
| Ano: 1997 |
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| Atwell, Ryan C; Iowa State University; ryancardiffatwell@gmail.com; Schulte, Lisa A; Iowa State University; lschulte@iastate.edu; Westphal, Lynne M; U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station; lwestphal@fs.fed.us. |
| In the last 200 yr, more than 80% of the land in the U.S. Corn Belt agro-ecosystem has been converted from natural perennial vegetation to intensive agricultural production of row crops. Despite research showing how re-integration of perennial vegetation, e.g., cover crops, pasture, riparian buffers, and restored wetlands, at strategic landscape positions can bolster declining regional ecosystem functions, the amount of land area devoted to row crop production in the Corn Belt continues to increase. As this region enters a time of fast-paced and uncertain reorganization driven by the emerging bioeconomy, changes in land use will continue to take place that will impact the resilience of the Corn Belt’s linked social and ecological systems for... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive co-management; Agriculture; Iowa; Learning; Nonpoint source pollution; Restoration; Scale; Social-ecological systems; Row crops; Corn Belt. |
| Ano: 2009 |
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| Daloğlu, Irem; School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan; daloglu@umich.edu; Nassauer, Joan Iverson; School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan; nassauer@umich.edu; Riolo, Rick; Center for the Studies of Complex Systems, University of Michigan; rlriolo@umich.edu; Scavia, Donald; School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan; Graham Environmental Sustainability Institute, University of Michigan; scavia@umich.edu. |
| We present a modeling framework that synthesizes social, economic, and ecological aspects of landscape change to evaluate how different agricultural policy and land tenure scenarios and land management preferences affect landscape pattern and downstream water quality. We linked a stylized agent-based model (ABM) of farmers’ conservation practice adoption decisions with a water quality model, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), to simulate the water quality effects of changing land tenure dynamics and different policies for crop revenue insurance in lieu of commodity payments over 41 years (1970–2010) for a predominantly agricultural watershed of Lake Erie. Results show that non-operator owner involvement in land management... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: ABM; Agricultural policy; Agriculture; Conservation practice; Integrated modeling; SWAT; Water quality. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| Peeples, Matthew A.; School of Human Evolution & Social Change, Arizona State University; Matthew.Peeples@asu.edu; Barton, C. Michael; School of Human Evolution & Social Change, Arizona State University; Center for Social Dynamics and Complexity, Arizona State University; Michael.Barton@asu.edu; Schmich, Steven; School of Human Evolution & Social Change, Arizona State University; Steven.Schmich@asu.edu. |
| The interdisciplinary framework known as resilience theory used by ecologists, social scientists, as well as policy makers, is primarily concerned with the sources of transformation and stability in complex socioecological systems. The laboratory of the long and diverse archaeological record is uniquely suited to testing some of the implications of this theoretical perspective. In this paper, we consider the history of land use and landscape change across the transition from foraging to agricultural subsistence economies in the Middle Chevelon Creek region of northern Arizona. Through this discussion, we highlight the potential roles of diversity and flexibility at multiple spatial and temporal scales in the resilience of human land use practices from the... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive cycle; Agriculture; Archaeology; Human environmental impacts; Land use; Landscape dynamics; Resilience theory; Southwestern United States.. |
| Ano: 2006 |
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| Peterson, Garry D; McGill University; garry.peterson@mcgill.ca; Cunningham, Saul; CSIRO Entomology; saul.cunningham@ento.csiro.au; Deutsch, Lisa; Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University; lisad@system.ecology.su.se; Erickson, Jon; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; erickj@rpi.edu; Quinlan, Allyson; Conservation Ecology; aquinlan@resalliance.org; Tinch, Robert; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia; R.Tinch@uea.ac.uk; Troell, Max; Beijer Institute, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; max@system.ecology.su.se; Woodbury, Peter; Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research; pbw1@cornell.edu; Zens, Scot; Department of Biology, Dartmouth College; zens@dartmouth.edu. |
| The benefits and risks of any particular GM crop depend on the interactions of its ecological functions and natural history with the agroecosystem and ecosystems within which it is embedded. These evolutionary and ecological factors must be considered when assessing GM crops. We argue that the assessment of GM crops should be broadened to include alternative agricultural practices, ecosystem management, and agricultural policy. Such an assessment would be facilitated by a clearer understanding of the indirect costs of agriculture and the ecological services that support it. The benefits of GM crops should be compared to those of other means of agricultural intensification such as organic farming, integrated pest management, and agricultural policy reform.... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Biotechnology; Genetically modified crops (GM); Interdisciplinary; Public dialogue; Regulation; Risk assessment. |
| Ano: 2000 |
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| Briner, Simon; ETH Zurich, Agri-Food and Agri-Environmental Economics Group, Department of Environmental Systems Science; briners@ethz.ch; Huber, Robert; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL; robert.huber@wsl.ch; Bebi, Peter; WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF; bebi@slf.ch; Schmatz, Dirk R.; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL; dirk.schmatz@wsl.ch. |
| Mountain ecosystems provide a broad range of ecosystem services (ES). Trade-offs between different ES are an important aspect in the assessment of future sustainable land-use. Management of ES in mountain regions must confront the challenges of spatial and temporal heterogeneity, and interaction with structural changes in agriculture and forestry. Using a social-ecological modeling framework, we assess the relationships between forest and agricultural ES in a mountain region in Switzerland. Based on the concept of jointness in production, we evaluated trade-offs and synergies among food provision, biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration, and protection against natural hazards. Results show that increasing the provision of a focal ES in a mountain... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Forestry; Land-use change; Model-based scenario analysis; Mountainous regions; Trade-offs. |
| Ano: 2013 |
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| Piovesan,Bruna; Padilha,Aline C; Botton,Marcos; Zotti,Moisés João. |
| ABSTRACT Strawberry cultivation under semi-hydroponic conditions has increased in the Southern region of Brazil since it facilitates management, besides avoiding weather adversities, pests and diseases. However, protected environment can hamper the access of pollinator insects, essential for crop productivity. This work aimed to know the entomofauna associated with strawberry cultivar Albion cultivated under semi-hydroponic conditions and to identify potential species of native pollinating bees. Insects were captured at different times of the day (9:30 a.m., 12:30 p.m. and 3:30 p.m.) in three commercial crops located in Bento Gonçalves and Farroupilha, Rio Grande do Sul. In each study area, three days of sampling were carried out during January 2017. The... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Fragaria x ananassa; Pollination; Agriculture; Diversity; Native bees. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362019000300324 |
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