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| Registros recuperados: 786 | |
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| Nagendra, Harini; Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Bangalore, India; Center for the Study of Institutions, Population, and Environmental Change (CIPEC), Indiana University; nagendra@atree.org; Ostrom, Elinor; Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis, Indiana University; ostrom@indiana.edu. |
| Ecologists and practitioners have conventionally used forest plots or transects for monitoring changes in attributes of forest condition over time. However, given the difficulty in collecting such data, conservation practitioners frequently rely on the judgment of foresters and forest users for evaluating changes. These methods are rarely compared. We use a dataset of 53 forests in five countries to compare assessments of forest change from forest plots, and forester and user evaluations of changes in forest density. We find that user assessments of changes in tree density are strongly and significantly related to assessments of change derived from statistical analyses of randomly distributed forest plots. User assessments of change in density at the... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Carbon storage; Community forests; Forest change; Forest monitoring; Peopled forests. |
| Ano: 2011 |
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| Meijaard, Erik; The Nature Conservancy-East Kalimantan; emeijaard@TNC.ORG; Sheil, Douglas; Center for International Forestry Research; d.sheil@cgiar.org; Stanley, Scott A.; The Nature Conservancy-East Kalimantan; sstanley@tnc.org. |
| Based on an extensive review of the literature, and broad consultation with experts, we have assessed the sensitivity of Bornean vertebrates to the direct and indirect effects of timber harvest. Well-implemented selective logging has a relatively limited direct impact on wildlife populations: few species appear quite sensitive, some benefit, some decline. However, current management practices in Indonesian Borneo generally cause a decline in wildlife populations. Guidelines for sustainable forest management are primarily focused on trees, with few specific recommendations on how to sustainably manage wildlife populations in timber concessions. Based on our findings, we provide extensive wildlife management guidelines, pointing out the importance of... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Asia; Biodiversity; Borneo; Disturbance; Hunting; Sustainable forest management.. |
| Ano: 2006 |
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| Xu, Jianchu; Center for Mountain Ecosystem Studies, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; World Agroforestry Centre, China Program ; J.C.Xu@CGIAR.ORG; Lebel, Louis; Unit for Social and Environmental Research, Chiang Mai University; llebel@loxinfo.co.th; Sturgeon, Janet; Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University; sturgeon@sfu.ca. |
| The landscape of Mengsong, southwest China, was biologically diverse until recently due to historical biogeographical processes overlain by the swidden-cultivation practices of the Hani who migrated there several centuries ago. Our research sought to understand how the Hani adjusted their livelihoods to new policies, markets, and technologies, and the consequences for biodiversity conservation. We combined landscape, plot, and household surveys, interviews, and reviews of secondary documents, to reconstruct the major changes and responses to challenges in the social–ecological system over previous decades. Significant changes from closed to open canopy of secondary-forest vegetation took place between 1965–1993 and from open-canopy... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Cash crops; Conservation and development; Culture; Fallow management; Hani people; Livelihoods; Monoculture; Swidden landscape. |
| Ano: 2009 |
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| Marull, Joan; Barcelona Institute of Regional and Metropolitan Studies (IERMB), Autonomous University of Barcelona; joan.marull@uab.cat; Tello, Enric; Department of Economic History and Institutions, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Barcelona; tello@ub.edu; Diana, Giovanna L.; Barcelona Institute of Regional and Metropolitan Studies (IERMB), Autonomous University of Barcelona; gio.diana87@libero.it; Pons, Manel; Barcelona Institute of Regional and Metropolitan Studies (IERMB), Autonomous University of Barcelona; manel.pons.sanvidal@uab.cat; Coll, Francesc; Barcelona Institute of Regional and Metropolitan Studies (IERMB), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Francesc.Coll@uab.cat. |
| The effects of land abandonment on biodiversity have received considerable attention by scholars, but results are far from conclusive. Different cultural traditions of scientists seem to underlie the contrasting ways in which land abandonment is understood. Although the forest transition (FT) framework considers land abandonment as an opportunity for biodiversity conservation, European landscape ecologists characterize it as a threat. We use insights from both traditions to analyze the effects of land abandonment on landscape and biodiversity in a mountain area of metropolitan Barcelona. We do so through an in-depth historical case study covering a period of 160 years. A set of landscape metrics was applied to land-cover maps derived from cadastral... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Cultural landscape; Forest transition; Land abandonment; Landscape changes; Landscape structure; Land-use change; Land-use mosaic; Mediterranean; Peasant management. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Chomitz, Kenneth M; World Bank; kchomitz@worldbank.org; da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Conservation International; g.fonseca@conservation.org; Alger, Keith; Conservation International; k.alger@conservation.org; Stoms, David M; University of California, Santa Barbara; stoms@bren.ucsb.edu; Landau, Elena Charlotte; Federal University of Minas Gerais; landau@icb.ufmg.br; Thomas, Timothy S.; World Bank; tthomas2@worldbank.org; Thomas, W. Wayt; New York Botanical Gardens; wthomas@nybg.org; Davis, Frank; University of California, Santa Barbara; fd@bren.ucsb.edu. |
| Conservation in densely settled biodiversity hotspots often requires setting up reserve networks that maintain sufficient contiguous habitat to support viable species populations. Because it is difficult to secure landholder compliance with a tightly constrained reserve network design, attention has shifted to voluntary incentive mechanisms, such as purchase of conservation easements by reverse auction or through a fixed-price offer. These mechanisms carry potential advantages of transparency, simplicity, and low cost. However, uncoordinated individual response to these incentives has been assumed incompatible with the conservation goal of viability, which depends on contiguous habitat and biodiversity representation. We model such incentives for southern... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Bahia; Biodiversity; Conservation; Conservation planning; Economic instruments; Land use.. |
| Ano: 2006 |
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| Polfus, Jean L.; Natural Resources Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; jeanpolfus@gmail.com; Manseau, Micheline; Office of the Chief Ecosystem Scientist, Parks Canada, Gatineau, Québec, Canada; Natural Resources Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Micheline.Manseau@pc.gc.ca; Bayha, Walter; Délı̨nę Land Corporation, Délı̨nę, Northwest Territories, Canada; nihtla321@gmail.com; Rice, Keren; Department of Linguistics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; rice@chass.utoronto.ca; Wilson, Paul; Biology Department, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada; pawilson@trentu.ca. |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Aboriginal; Biocultural diversity; Biodiversity; Caribou; Collaborative research; Ecology; First Nation; Genetic variation; Indigenous communities; Population genetics; Population structure; Rangifer tarandus; Resource management; Social-ecological systems; Traditional knowledge. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Sandin, Leonard; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment; leonard.sandin@slu.se; Allen, Craig R; University of Nebraska; allencr@unl.edu; Angeler, David G; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment; david.angeler@slu.se. |
| The distribution of functional traits within and across spatiotemporal scales has been used to quantify and infer the relative resilience across ecosystems. We use explicit spatial modeling to evaluate within- and cross-scale redundancy in headwater streams, an ecosystem type with a hierarchical and dendritic network structure. We assessed the cross-scale distribution of functional feeding groups of benthic invertebrates in Swedish headwater streams during two seasons. We evaluated functional metrics, i.e., Shannon diversity, richness, and evenness, and the degree of redundancy within and across modeled spatial scales for individual feeding groups. We also estimated the correlates of environmental versus spatial factors of both functional composition and... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Cross-scale resilience; Functional feeding groups; Invertebrates; Local and regional determinants; River ecosystems; Spatial modeling. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| Turnhout, Esther; Forest and Nature Conservation Policy Group, Wageningen University, The Netherlands; esther.turnhout@wur.nl; Boonman-Berson, Susan; Forest and Nature Conservation Policy Group, Wageningen University, The Netherlands; susan.boonman-berson@wur.nl. |
| Since the Convention on Biological Diversity in 1992, biodiversity has become an important topic for scientific research. Much of this research is focused on measuring and mapping the current state of biodiversity, in terms of which species are present at which places and in which abundance, and making extrapolations and future projections, that is, determining the trends. Biodiversity databases are crucial components of these activities because they store information about biodiversity and make it digitally available. Useful biodiversity databases require data that are reliable, standardized, and fit for up-scaling. This paper uses material from the EBONE-project (European Biodiversity Observation Network) to illustrate how biodiversity databases are... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Classification; Databases; Scaling practices; Standards; Statistics; Volunteer recorders. |
| Ano: 2011 |
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| Fraser, Dylan J; Department of Biology, Dalhousie University; dylan.fraser@dal.ca; Coon, Thomas; Cree Trapper's Association; tourism@nation.mistissini.qc.ca; Prince, Michael R.; Cree Nation of Mistissini, Quebec; tourism@nation.mistissini.qc.ca; Dion, Rene; Grand Council of the Crees of Quebec; rdion@gcc.ca; Bernatchez, Louis; Department of Biology, Laval University; louis.bernatchez@bio.ulaval.ca. |
| Despite their dual importance in the assessment of endangered/threatened species, there have been few attempts to integrate traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and evolutionary biology knowledge (EBK) at the population level. We contrasted long-term aboriginal TEK with previously obtained EBK in the context of seasonal migratory habits and population biology of a salmonid fish, brook charr, (Salvelinus fontinalis) inhabiting a large, remote postglacial lake. Compilation of TEK spanning four decades involved analytical workshops, semidirective interviews, and collaborative fieldwork with local aboriginal informants and fishing guides. We found that TEK complemented EBK of brook charr by providing concordant and additional information about (1) population... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Conservation; Cree; Evolutionary biology; Fish; James Bay; Local ecological knowledge; Migration; Northern research; Traditional ecological knowledge; Traditional knowledge.. |
| Ano: 2006 |
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| Prins, Anne Gerdien; Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL); Annegerdien.Prins@pbl.nl; Eickhout, Bas; Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL); European Parliament; Bas.Eickhout@pbl.nl; van Meijl, Hans; Agricultural Economics Institute (LEI); Hans.vanMeijl@wur.nl; Rienks, Willem; Rom3D, formerly Alterra, Research Institute for the Green Space, Wageningen University and Research Centre; Willem.Rienks@wur.nl; Woltjer, Geert; Agricultural Economics Institute (LEI); Geert.Woltjer@wur.nl. |
| Food supply and food distribution have been and are important issues in the global political arena. The recent emergence of biofuel policies has increased the influence of the policy arena on agricultural production. In this paper we show the regional impact of changes in the European Common Agricultural Policy and biofuel policy. Shifting trade patterns, changes in agricultural production, and expansion of agricultural area or intensification of agriculture result in changes in land use and land use emissions. Higher prices for agricultural crops on the world market together with changing production raise agricultural income. Brazil is the region the most affected. The results show that arrangements or policies will be needed to avoid negative impacts in... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural income; Biodiversity; Biofuels; CAP reform; Land use. |
| Ano: 2011 |
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| Kangas, Katja M; Natural Resources Institute Finland, Oulu; katja.kangas@luke.fi; Tolvanen, Anne; Natural Resources Institute Finland, Oulu; Department of Ecology, University of Oulu; anne.tolvanen@luke.fi; Tarvainen, Oili; Natural Resources Institute Finland, Oulu; oili.tarvainen@luke.fi; Nikula, Ari; Natural Resources Institute Finland, Rovaniemi; ari.nikula@luke.fi; Nivala, Vesa; Natural Resources Institute Finland, Rovaniemi; vesa.nivala@luke.fi; Huhta, Esa; Natural Resources Institute Finland, Rovaniemi; esa.huhta@luke.fi. |
| We present a new method for ecologically sustainable land use planning within multiple land use schemes. Our aims were (1) to develop a method that can be used to locate important areas based on their ecological values; (2) to evaluate the quality, quantity, availability, and usability of existing ecological data sets; and (3) to demonstrate the use of the method in Eastern Finland, where there are requirements for the simultaneous development of nature conservation, tourism, and recreation. We compiled all available ecological data sets from the study area, complemented the missing data using habitat suitability modeling, calculated the total ecological score (TES) for each 1 ha grid cell in the study area, and finally, demonstrated the use of TES in... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Conservation; Ecological value; Land use planning; Modeling; Spatial data; Tourism. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Rego, Francisco; Centro de Ecologia Aplicada 'Prof. Baeta Neves', Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa, Portugal; fcastrorego3@gmail.com; Fa, John E.; Manchester Metropolitan University; CIFOR; jfa949@gmail.com. |
| The importance of wild meats for rural people is well documented in tropical forests worldwide. However, the case of oceanic islands remains relatively poorly studied. We assess the contribution made by wild meats to the diets of rural inhabitants in the Island of São Tomé, characterize the relative importance of native and introduced fauna, and discuss the implications of wild meat consumption on rural livelihoods and on the conservation of the resident fauna. Using semistructured interviews, we assessed animal protein consumption in 10 communities (716 household-weeks), around the vicinity of the island’s main protected area, Obô Natural Park. Fish and the introduced West African giant snail (Archachatina marginata)... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Bushmeat; Islands; Protein intake; Rural demand; Wealth. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Registros recuperados: 786 | |
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