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Registros recuperados: 64
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Analysis and Interpretation of Frequency–Wavenumber Spectra of Young Wind Waves ArchiMer
Leckler, Fabien; Ardhuin, Fabrice; Peureux, Charles; Benetazzo, Alvise; Bergamasco, Filippo; Dulov, Vladimir.
The energy level and its directional distribution are key observations for understanding the energy balance in the wind-wave spectrum between wind-wave generation, nonlinear interactions, and dissipation. Here, properties of gravity waves are investigated from a fixed platform in the Black Sea, equipped with a stereo video system that resolves waves with frequency f up to 1.4 Hz and wavelengths from 0.6 to 11 m. One representative record is analyzed, corresponding to young wind waves with a peak frequency fp = 0.33 Hz and a wind speed of 13 m s−1. These measurements allow for a separation of the linear waves from the bound second-order harmonics. These harmonics are negligible for frequencies f up to 3 times fp but account for most of the energy at higher...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Circulation; Dynamics; Waves; Oceanic; Observational techniques and algorithms; Remote sensing.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00284/39524/38017.pdf
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Experimental study of the Rhone plume. Part I: Physics and dynamics ArchiMer
Broche, P; Devenon, Jean-luc; Forget, P; De Maistre, Jc; Naudin, Jj; Cauwet, G.
The complicated dynamic processes occurring when fluvial waters mix with marine waters control the nature and the fluxes of materials exported tay rivers to the sea. Understanding these processes is of primary importance in evaluating budgets. In wide-open estuarine situations these processes take place under the influence of an intense turbulence induced by tides. Conversely, the Rhone waters spread into the Mediterranean Sea in the form of an easily distinguishable buoyant plume often extending far offshore from the mouth of the river. The aim of this study is to describe the dynamic and hydrological fields on the basis of eulerian VHF radar mapping of surface currents coupled with lagrangian in situ physical or geochemical measurements. This paper...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Panache fluvial; Radar VHF; Rhône; Dynamique; River plume; VHF radar; Rhone; Dynamics.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00325/43636/43229.pdf
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A Lagrangian Method to Isolate the Impacts of Mixed Layer Subduction on the Meridional Overturning Circulation in a Numerical Model ArchiMer
Thomas, Matthew; Treguier, Anne-marie; Blanke, Bruno; Deshayes, Julie; Voldoire, Aurore.
Large differences in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) exhibited between the available ocean models pose problems as to how they can be interpreted for climate policy. A novel Lagrangian methodology has been developed for use with ocean models that enables a decomposition of the AMOC according to its source waters of subduction from the mixed layer of different geographical regions. The method is described here and used to decompose the AMOC of the Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques (CNRM) ocean model, which is approximately 4.5 Sv (1 Sv = 106 m3 s−1) too weak at 26°N, compared to observations. Contributions from mixed layer subduction to the peak AMOC at 26°N in the model are dominated by the Labrador Sea, which contributes...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Circulation; Dynamics; Convection; Lagrangian circulation; Transport; Meridional overturning circulation; Atm; Ocean Structure; Phenomena; Oceanic mixed layer; Models and modeling; General circulation models.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00284/39523/38016.pdf
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Intraseasonal variability of equatorial Indian Ocean zonal currents ArchiMer
Sengupta, Debasis; Senan, Retish; Goswami, B. N.; Vialard, Jerome.
New satellite and in situ observations show large intraseasonal (10-60 day) variability of surface winds and upper- ocean current in the equatorial Indian Ocean, particularly in the east. An ocean model forced by the Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) wind stress is used to study the dynamics of the intraseasonal zonal current. The model has realistic upper- ocean currents and thermocline depth variabilities on intraseasonal to interannual scales. The quality of the simulation is directly attributed to the accuracy of the wind forcing. At the equator, moderate westerly winds are punctuated by strong 10-40-day westerly wind bursts. The wind bursts force swift, intraseasonal (20-50 day) eastward equatorial jets in spring, summer, and fall. The zonal momentum...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Sea surface temperature; Interannual variability; Dynamics; Circulation; Pacific; Model; Winds; Thermodynamics; Oscillation; Transports.
Ano: 2007 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00203/31421/29820.pdf
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The Ocean General Circulation near 1000-m Depth ArchiMer
Ollitrault, Michel; Colin De Verdiere, Alain.
The mean ocean circulation near 1000-m depth is estimated with 100-km resolution from the Argo float displacements collected before 1 January 2010. After a thorough validation, the 400 000 or so displacements found in the 950–1150 dbar layer and with parking times between 4 and 17 days allow the currents to be mapped at intermediate depths with unprecedented details. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is the most prominent feature, but western boundary currents (and their recirculations) and alternating zonal jets in the tropical Atlantic and Pacific are also well defined. Eddy kinetic energy (EKE) gives the mesoscale variability (on the order of 10 cm2 s−2 in the interior), which is compared to the surface geostrophic altimetric EKE showing e-folding...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Circulation; Dynamics; Currents; Dynamics; Large-scale motions; Ocean circulation.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00174/28512/26877.pdf
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Response of North-Atlantic Ocean circulation to atmospheric weather regimes ArchiMer
Barrier, Nicolas; Cassou, Christophe; Deshayes, Julie; Treguier, Anne-marie.
A new framework is proposed for investigating the atmospheric forcing of North-Atlantic ocean circulation. Instead of using classical modes of variability, such as the North-Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) or the East-Atlantic Pattern, we here use the weather regimes paradigm. Using this framework we avoid problems associated with the assumptions of orthogonality and symmetry that are particular to modal analysis and known to be unsuitable for the NAO. Using ocean-only historical and sensitivity experiments, we investigate the impacts of the four winter weather regimes on horizontal and overturning circulations. Our results suggest that the Atlantic Ridge (AR), NAO− and NAO+ regimes induce a fast (monthly to interannual timescales) adjustment of the gyres via...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Circulation; Dynamics; Meridional overturning circulation; Atm; Ocean Structure; Phenomena; Gyres; North Atlantic Oscillation; Wind; Physical Meteorology and Climatology; Climate classification; Regimes; Models and modeling; Ocean models.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00161/27258/25467.pdf
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Rôle du rail équatorial dans la circulation méridienne océanique : interactions des échelles spatiales conduisant au mélange ArchiMer
Menesguen, Claire.
The large scale meridional overturning circulation in the ocean is maintained by a combination of several mechanisms. This dissertation focuses on turbulent equatorial mixing, one of the key mechanisms to balance heat forcing. The motivation for the research is observations of thin layers of well-mixed density and tracers distributed intermittently over the vertical that coincide with particular features of a larger scale pattern of equatorial jets. A large number of numerical experiments at moderately high resolution was performed in order to successfully replicate the observed equatorial dynamics, which involves both quasi-barotropic extra-equatorial jets and small vertical scale equatorial deep jets. The combination of the two systems of jets...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Dynamics; Ocean; Shear instability; Inertial instability; Scales interaction; Mixing; Equator; Dynamique; Océan; Instabilité de cisaillement; Instabilité inertielle; Interaction d'échelles; Mélange; Équateur.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/these-6463.pdf
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Seasonal and intraseasonal biogeochemical variability in the thermocline ridge of the southern tropical Indian Ocean ArchiMer
Resplandy, L.; Vialard, Jerome; Levy, M.; Aumont, Olivier; Dandonneau, Y..
The Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) time series shows high variability of surface chlorophyll at seasonal and intraseasonal time scales in the oligotrophic southern tropical Indian Ocean thermocline ridge called the Seychelles-Chagos thermocline ridge (SCTR). The SCTR is characterized by an open ocean upwelling due to local Ekman pumping, which annually maintains the mixed layer (ML) shallow and is responsive to atmospheric forcing and in particular to the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) at an intraseasonal time scale. Here we present an overview of SCTR biogeochemistry and investigate the physical processes driving the response observed at seasonal and intraseasonal time scales. Using satellite observations and biophysical ocean...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Madden julian oscillation; Arabian sea; Rossby waves; Interannual variability; Circulation model; Monsoon; Temperature; Perturbations; Nutrients; Dynamics.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00185/29630/27994.pdf
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Influence of mesoscale atmospheric forcing on mean sea level at Piraquara, RJ OceanDocs
Uaissone, A.J.R..
The work refers to variations of the mean sea level (MSL) in Piraquara (RJ) due to mesoscale atmospheric disturbances in the South and Southeast Brazil oceanic area. The sea level data were submitted to a verification and consistence process, and then they were validated with the help of predicted levels by the software Pacmaré (FRANCO, 1992). For the pressure and wind velocities, the NCEP re-analysis data was used. Thompson's low pass optimizable filter was used to remove high frequencies in the data. Differently to the habitual use of quarters of year in climatologic studies, in this work partitions of the year centered in solstice and equinox were considered. About the results of the statistical analysis in the time domain, it was seen that MSL...
Tipo: Theses and Dissertations Palavras-chave: Sea level; Atmospheric disturbances; Dynamics.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/910
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Répartition granulométriques et minéralogiques des sédiments de surface dans le Golfe de Tunis OceanDocs
Chkioua, A.; BRAHIM, M..
Les résultats des analyses granulométriques et minéralogiques des sédiments de surface du golfe de Tunis, prélevés à différentes profondeurs entre Sidi El Mekki et le Cap Bon, ont permis d’identifier l’origine de ces sédiments et de préciser les modes de transport et de dépôt. L’étude granulométrique a montré que les matériaux détritiques dans le golfe de Tunis sont d’origine continentale. L’étude minéralogique a permit de mettre en évidence une nette relation entre le stock sédimentaire récent du golfe de Tunis et les formations géologiques bordières. La répartition des sédiments grossiers et fins dans le golfe de Tunis est contrôlée par les courants généraux de la méditerranée. Le passage des courants généraux dans le golfe conditionne la présence...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Dynamics; Grain size; Granulometry; Mineralogy; Sediment analysis; Sediment distribution.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4254
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Dinámica del plancton marino costero con relación al flujo de mareas en Bahía Aeolián en septiembre 2006 (Baltra-Galápagos-Ecuador) OceanDocs
Torres,G; Andrade,C.
En Bahía Aeolián es un puerto que esta sometido al tráfico marítimo principalmente turístico, donde se efectúa el centro de distribución comercial de combustibles para las mismas. En el agua de lastre y casco de los barcos se transportan organismos no deseados (virus, bacterias, algas que causan plagas o enfermedades), que se han propagado a nivel mundial, afectando algunos ecosistemas naturales (Waite et al., 2003), generando grandes problemas que siguen afectando tanto a países desarrollados como en vías de desarrollo. Existen escasas investigaciones del plancton en la Bahía Aeolián, el objetivo del presente estudio fue caracterizar una Base de datos de la biodiversidad el fitoplancton y zooplancton del ecosistema marino costero del Puerto Baltra y...
Tipo: Preprint Palavras-chave: Plankton; Ocean tides; Dynamics.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5455
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Dynamics of a macroalgal rocky intertidal community in the colombian Caribbean OceanDocs
García, C.B.; Díaz-Pulido, G..
The macroalgal intertidal community at a tropical location (Punta de la Loma, Colombian Caribbean) was monitored at irregular intervals from 1992 to 1995. The highly diverse macroalgal community was relatively invariant in cover, taxa and biomass from small spatial scales (square centimeters). At larger spatial scales (square meters), however, there was a small but definitive seasonal pulse in dominance and composition. Sand intrusions over the rocky intertidal represents a strong disturbance reducing macroalgal cover during the dry season. Interannual variation was also detected. La Punta de la Loma appears to be influenced by the regional upwelling conditions.
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Dynamics; Intertidal environment; Seasonal variations; Spatial variations; Intertidal environment; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3923.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1977
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Evaluation of the Status of the Namibian Hake Resource (Merluccius spp.) Using Statistical Catch-at-Age Analysis OceanDocs
Kirchner, Carola; Kainge, Paul; Kathena, Johannes.
Namibian hake is the most important fish resource in Namibia. This monograph is a compilation of all the hake data, historic and recent, that has been used to inform stock assessment and management since the late 1970s. It presents the statistical catch-at-age analysis used to evaluate the state of the Namibian hake resource under different assumptions. This analysis treats the two hakes, Merluccius paradoxus and M. capensis, as a single stock. The data and modeling show that the stock has not as yet recovered to its maximum sustainable yield level, despite foreign fishing effort having been removed in 1990. Best estimates suggest the current stock to be roughly 20% of pre-exploitation levels; however this figure is sensitive to model assumptions. Signs...
Tipo: Book Section Palavras-chave: Stock assessment; Gadoid fisheries; Data; Dynamics; Surveys; Commercial species; Total allowable catch; Biomass; Trawls; Otoliths; Fishing mortality; Fisheries management; Reproductive system.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5166
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Comparación temporal en la estructura de una comunidad coralina en primeros estados de sucesión, Isla de San Andrés, Colombia OceanDocs
Jaramillo-González, J.; Acosta, A..
Los arrecifes coralinos del mundo han sufrido un declive durante las pasadas tres décadas. Estos cambios se han evaluado en arrecifes en franja; sin embargo, se desconoce si los tensores causantes de dichos cambios afectan la dinámica de una comunidad coralina en los primeros estados de la sucesión antes del desarrollo de un arrecife. Para resolver este interrogante, se monitoreó durante 2004, 2005 y 2006 una comuniddad coralina aislada en San Andrés. Se compararon temporalmente la abundancia, cobertura y mortalidad parcial sufrida por la comjnidad coralina y sus poblaciones de coral dominantes. La comunidad coralina no presentó variación estadística en riqueza, abundancia, cobertura, ni en área de mortalidad parcial. Sin embargo, esta comunidad si varió...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Coral; Dynamics; Mortality; Mortality; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4945.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3605
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Floristic and structural variation of weeds in eucalyptus plantations as influenced by relief and time of year Planta Daninha
Tuffi Santos,L.D.; Cardoso Filho,O.; Santos Júnior,A.; Sant'Anna-Santos,B.F.; Felix,R.C.; Leite,F.P..
The objective of this work was to analyze the floristic variation and phytosociological structure of weeds as influenced by relief and time of year in eucalyptus plantations in Santana do Paraíso and Guanhães - MG. The total area sampled for each locality was approximately 10 ± 3 hectares, comprising three types of relief: lowland, slope, and upper area. In each type of relief, 10 plots of 1 m² were sampled, corresponding to 30 plots per locality, where they were randomly allocated in a zigzag. The taxonomic identification was performed in four assessments, corresponding to the months of November and March, comprising two ratings each season, always at the same points, and geo-referenced using the Global Positioning System (GPS). A total of 3,893...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Eucalyptus; Dynamics; Phytosociology; Ecological adaptation.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582013000300001
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Soil Persistence of Chlorimuron-Ethyl and Metsulfuron-Methyl and Phytotoxicity to Corn Seeded as a Succeeding Crop Planta Daninha
Carvalho,S.J.P.; Soares,D.J.; Lopez-Ovejero,R.F.; Christoffoleti,P.J..
Two experiments were carried out to evaluate soil persistence of chlorimuron-ethyl and metsulfuron-methyl and phytotoxicity to corn seeded as a succeeding crop. One experiment was conducted with chlorimuron-ethyl applied at 20 g ha-1, and one with metsulfuron-methyl applied at 3.96 g ha-1. Treatments were arranged in a factorial design with two types of soil (sandy and clay), three irrigation regimes (daily, weekly and no irrigation) and four application timings (90, 60 and 30 days before corn seeding, as well as untreated plots). Soil persistence of the herbicides was influenced by water availability, molecule water solubility (leaching potential) and application timings prior to corn seeding. In sandy soil, with adequate water availability, leaching...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Carryover; Leaching; Microbial degradation; Dynamics.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582015000200331
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Dynamic modelling of agricultural policies: the role of expectation schemes AgEcon
Femenia, Fabienne; Alexandre, Gohin.
The highly disputed effects of agricultural trade liberalisation are mostly simulated with static models. Our main objective in this paper is to evaluate the robustness of the static simulation results to the consistent modelling of dynamic behaviours and to the linked specification of price/return expectations. Focusing on a complete trade liberalisation scenario of arable crop markets by developed countries, we find that available static results are quite robust to dynamic specifications and to most expectation schemes. Endogenous market fluctuations due to expectation errors may appear following trade liberalisation. These fluctuations are nevertheless limited by the many feedback effects revealed by our general equilibrium framework.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural policy; Dynamics; Endogenous fluctuations; Expectation errors; Agricultural and Food Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51665
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Sales Promotion and Cooperative Retail Pricing Strategies AgEcon
Richards, Timothy J.; Patterson, Paul M..
Supermarket retailers make strategic pricing decisions in a high-frequency, repeated game environment both in buying and selling fresh produce. In this context, there is some question as to whether a non-cooperative equilibrium can emerge that produces margins above the competitive level. Supermarket pricing results from tacitly collusive equilibria supported by trigger price strategies played in upstream markets. Upstream activities are, in turn, driven by periodic retail price promotions. We test this hypothesis using a sample of fresh produce pricing data from 20 supermarket chains in markets distributed throughout the U.S. Our results support the existence of tacitly collusive non-cooperative equilibria in upstream and downstream markets.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Dynamics; Game theory; Nash equilibrium; Perishables; Supermarkets; Tacit collusion; Trigger prices.; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28542
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Dynamics and Limited Cooperation In International Environmental Agreements AgEcon
Karp, Larry S.; Sacheti, Sandeep.
The amount of cooperation needed to improve the welfare of signatories of International Environmental Agreements (IEAs), in the presence of market imperfections, depends on the characteristics of pollution. In a dynamic model, the conventional wisdom on the effect of free-riding needs to be modified for certain types of pollution problems. For local pollution problems, a sufficient level of free-riding actually promotes signatories' welfare. For global pollution problems, the conventional wisdom is correct insofar as free-riding makes it more difficult to form a successful IEA. However, for some global pollution problems, free-riding may disappear. A static model may overstate or understate the difficulty of forming a successful IEA. The effect of an IEA...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: International Environmental Agreements; Environmental stocks; Dynamics; Free-riding; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; F12; F42; Q28.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6212
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Dynamics, Stability, and Foresight in the Shapley-Scarf Housing Market AgEcon
Kamijo, Yoshio; Kawasaki, Ryo.
While most of the literature starting with Shapley and Scarf (1974) have considered a static exchange economy with indivisibilities, this paper studies the dynamics of such an economy. We find that both the dynamics generated by competitive equilibrium and the one generated by weakly dominance relation, converge to a set of allocations we define as strictly stable, which we can show to exist. Moreover, we show that even when only pairwise exchanges between two traders are allowed, the strictly stable allocations are attained eventually if traders are sufficiently farsighted.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Indivisible Goods Market; Dynamics; Competitive Allocation; Strict Core; Foresight; Stable Set; Productivity Analysis; D78; C71.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52526
Registros recuperados: 64
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