SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Galdo, Jose; Jaramillo, Miguel; Montalva, Veronica.

El presente estudio analiza la relación entre la pobreza de los hogares y los impactos de políticas activas de promoción del empleo en el Perú. En particular, analizamos el Programa de Capacitación Laboral Juvenil PROJOVEN, que, desde 1996, ha beneficiado directamente a cerca de 50.000 jóvenes pobres. La situación de pobreza de los beneficiarios de PROJOVEN es aproximada con un índice basado en 21 activos de los hogares. Tres resultados principales emergen. Primero, las desigualdades demográficas y socioeconómicas encontradas entre los beneficiarios y la población elegible se deben principalmente a decisiones individuales de los jóvenes antes que a decisiones administrativas del operador del programa. Segundo, se observa alta heterogeneidad en la...

Sulfur Dioxide Control by Electric Utilities: What Are the Gains from Trade?

Palavras-chave: Pobreza; Programas de capacitacion; Jovenes; Empleo juvenil; Evaluacion de proyectos; Poverty; Training programmes; Young; Youth employment; Project evaluation; Labor and Human Capital; I38; H43; C13; C14.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55934

Carlson, Curtis; Burtraw, Dallas; Cropper, Maureen L.; Palmer, Karen L..

Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) established a market for transferable sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission allowances among electric utilities. This market offers firms facing high marginal abatement costs the opportunity to purchase the right to emit SO2 from firms with lower costs, and is expected to yield cost savings compared to a command and control approach to environmental regulation. This paper uses econometrically estimated marginal abatement cost functions for power plants affected by Title IV of the CAAA to evaluate the performance of the SO2 allowance market. Specifically, we investigate whether the much-heralded fall in the cost of abating SO2, compared to original estimates, can be attributed to allowance trading. We demonstrate...

Counterfactual approach for assessing agri-environmental policy: The case of the Finnish water protection policy

Palavras-chave: Acid rain; Sulfur dioxide; Air pollution; Clean Air Act; Title IV; Permit trading; Environmental Economics and Policy; H43; Q2; Q4.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10790

Lankoski, Jussi E.; Ollikainen, Markku.

This paper applies counterfactual approach to assess the impacts of agri-environmental programs. Counterfactual analysis evaluates policies answering questions: what would have happened if...? We develop a theoretical framework for counterfactual analysis based on the inter-linkages between the behaviour of agents and the response of environmental systems to the economic decisions. We apply our model to assess the performance of the Finnish Agri- Environmental Programme to reduce agricultural nutrient runoff to the Baltic Sea. Counterfactual analysis allows us to determine both the unit effectiveness of the measures included in the Programme and its preventive impact. We demonstrate that the Finnish Agri- Environmental Programme does not achieve its goals,...

Discounting the Distant Future: How Much Do Uncertain Rates Increase Valuations?

Palavras-chave: Environmental policy evaluation; Counterfactual analysis; Nutrient runoff; The Baltic Sea; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q5; H23; H43.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98993

Newell, Richard G.; Pizer, William A..

Costs and benefits in the distant future-such as those associated with global warming, long-lived infrastructure, hazardous and radioactive waste, and biodiversity-often have little value today when measured with conventional discount rates. We demonstrate that when the future path of this conventional rate is uncertain and persistent (i.e., highly correlated over time), the distant future should be discounted at lower rates than suggested by the current rate. We then use two centuries of data on U.S. interest rates to quantify this effect. Using both random walk and mean-reverting models, we compute the certainty-equivalent rate that is, the single discount rate that summarizes the effect of uncertainty and measures the appropriate forward rate of...

Evaluating Regulatory Impact Analyses

Palavras-chave: Discounting; Uncertainty; Interest rate forecasting; Climate policy; Intergenerational equity; Risk and Uncertainty; D90; E47; C53; H43; Q28.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10743

Harrington, Winston; Morgenstern, Richard D..

Federal agencies in the United States are required to prepare regulatory impact analyses (RIAs) for every major regulatory action they undertake. Increasingly, other OECD countries are imposing similar requirements. However, there has been little examination of the quality of these documents or of the uses to which they have been put in the regulatory process or elsewhere. In this paper we survey previous efforts to evaluate RIAs and find a fair amount of evaluation of RIAs as stand-alone documents, but much less evaluation of their contribution to producing better regulations.

Evaluation of rural development programs after Poland’s accession to the EU: regional CGE approach

Palavras-chave: Regulation; RIA; Benefit-cost analysis; Cost-effectiveness analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; H11; H43.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10774

Zawalinska, Katarzyna.

rural policy, pillar 2, Poland

Identifying Individual Discount Rates and Valuing Public Open Space with Stated Preference Models

Palavras-chave: Rural development policy; Regional computable general equilibrium model; Poland; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q18; R13; H43; O1.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51342

Kovacs, Kent F.; Larson, Douglas M..

An individual's rate of time preference is an important consideration for individuals deciding whether to support a public good since the benefits of a public good often come in the future. Our study finds individual discount rates from a contingent valuation method (CVM) question where the time frame of the payment schedule is varied across surveys. We find discount rates similar to the rates found in the recent revealed preference and experimental literature of around 30%. Our CVM question addresses the preservation of additional open space adjacent to a large regional park at the urban fringe of Portland, Oregon.

IMPACTS OF COMMUNITY-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS ON INCOME AND ASSET ACQUISITION IN AFRICA: THE CASE OF NIGERIA

Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; H43; Q51; Q15.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9743

Nkonya, Ephraim M.; Phillip, Dayo; Mogues, Tewodaj; Pender, John L.; Kato, Edward.

This study evaluates the impacts of a community-driven development (CDD) project on household income and acquisition of productive assets in Nigeria. Using panel data and difference-in-differences and propensity score matching approaches, the study finds that the project succeeded in targeting the poor and women farmers in its productive asset acquisition component. Participation in the project also increased the income of beneficiaries by about 60%, which is well above the targeted increase of only 20% in the 6-year period of the project. However, sustainability of this dramatic achievement is uncertain since the project did not involve rural credit services. The large cash transfer through its productive asset acquisition component is also unsustainable.

What Determines Evaluation Outcomes? - Evidence from Bi- and Multilateral Development Cooperation -

Palavras-chave: Nigeria; Africa; Community-driven development; Impact evaluation; Poverty; Targeting; Income; Assets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; H43; H42; Q13; Q15.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50537

Michaelowa, Katharina; Borrmann, Axel.

Donor agencies invest considerable financial and human resources to evaluate the outcome of their development activities. To derive institutional conditions conducive to an efficient use of these resources, we develop a multi-level principal-agent model focusing on the various interests of the different actors involved in the evaluation process. The model highlights two central problems: (i) the aid agencies' conflicting objectives of transparency and self-legitimization, and (ii) the potential collusion between the evaluator and the project manager. Empirical evidence for the World Bank and different German donor agencies reveals concrete institutional requirements for a reduced evaluation bias and increased transparency.