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Registros recuperados: 125
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THE ECONOMICS OF TRACTORS IN SOUTH ASIA Open Agri
Binswanger, H.P..
Palavras-chave: Economics; Manpower; Threshers; Cropping patterns; Taxes; Investment; Reclamation; Field preparation; Statistics; Yields.
Ano: 1978 URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/3924
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Methods for assessing the impacts of natural resource management research Open Agri
B..
Palavras-chave: Watersheds; Soil degradation; Watershed management; Assets; Policies; Land resources; Water quality; Economics; Water harvesting; Investment.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/4231
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The use of crop combinations in reducing Open Agri
K.G.K..
Palavras-chave: Soil degradation; Runoff; Watersheds; Land resources; Crops; Soil management; Investment; Precipitation; Solutions; Resources.
Ano: 1991 URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/3156
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The role of real options analysis in the design of a greenhouse gas emissions trading scheme AgEcon
Lambie, Neil Ross.
Analysing the effect of a greenhouse gas emissions trading scheme (ETS) on energy-intensive industries using a simple model of the long-run equilibrium fails to fully capture the design implications of a scheme. When we allow for imperfect market structures and uncertainty, it is more useful to focus on how an industry is affected by the scheme’s design in moving to its long-run equilibrium. A real options modelling approach that analyses how firms in these industries are likely to respond to an ETS through their investment behaviour is proposed as a more insightful method for public policy analysis.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Climate change policy; Emissions trading; Investment; Real options; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47626
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Investment in Cellulosic Biofuel Refineries: Does the Waivable Mandate Matter? AgEcon
Miao, Ruiqing; Babcock, Bruce A.; Hennessy, David A..
Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) aims to support investment in cellulosic biofuel refineries by mandating a floor on the amount of biofuels being consumed in every calendar year. Tradable Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) is the market mechanism by which the mandates are to be met. But the RFS allows for a waiver of the mandates. In this paper we construct a conceptual model to study the impact of RINs on stimulating investment in cellulosic biofuel refineries under a waivable mandate. In a two-period framework, we compare the first-period investment level in three scenarios: (1) laissez-faire, (2) non-waivable mandate implemented through RINs, and (3) waivable mandate implemented through RINs. We find that RINs associated with a waivable mandate may or...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Cellulosic biofuels; Renewable identification numbers; Waivable mandate; Investment; Industrial Organization; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61165
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INVESTMENT, CREDIT CONSTRAINTS AND PUBLIC POLICY IN A NEOCLASSICAL ADJUSTMENT COST FRAMEWORK AgEcon
Cechura, Lukas.
This paper deals with the analysis of the impact of credit rationing on the farmer’s economic equilibrium and the analysis of different policy scenarios in a derived neoclassical adjustment cost framework. The theoretical model is an optimal dynamic investment model, in which the upper bound on investment is introduced. The limit of the investment enables to analyse the consequence of the occurrence of credit rationing on farmer’s capital accumulation, investment and supply. The method of optimal control is used to solve the optimization problem. The results show that the occurrence of credit rationing may significantly determine a farmer’s economic equilibrium. Then the analysis of defined policy scenarios suggests that a loan guarantee efficiently solves...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Credit constraint; Investment; Capital; SGAFF (Supporting and Guarantee Agricultural and Forestry Fund); Adjustment cost and farmer’s economic equilibrium; Kreditrationierung; Investitionen; Kapital; EAGFL (Europäische Ausrichtungsund Garantiefond für die Landwirtschaft); Dynamische Anpassungskosten und langfristiges Gleichgewicht.; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; C61; Q12; Q14; Q18.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91954
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Regulatory Independence and Political Interference: Evidence from EU Mixed-Ownership Utilities’ Investment and Debt AgEcon
Cambini, Carlo; Rondi, Laura.
This paper examines the investment and financial decisions of a sample of 92 EU regulated utilities, taking into account key institutional features of EU public utilities, such as: a) regulation by agencies with various degrees of independence; b) partial ownership of the state in the regulated firm; and c) the government’s political orientation, which may ultimately influence the regulatory climate to be either more pro-firm or more pro-consumers. Our results show that regulatory independence matters for both investment and financial decisions. Investment increases under an Independent Regulatory Agency (IRA), while ownership has no effect. Leverage also increases when the IRA is in place, especially so if the regulated firm is privately controlled....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Regulated Utilities; Investment; Capital Structure; Private and State Ownership; Regulatory Independence; Government’s Political Orientation; Financial Economics; G31; G32; L33; L51; L90.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91002
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A whole-farm investment analysis of some precision agriculture technologies AgEcon
Knight, Brad; Malcolm, Bill.
This study used information about a farm in the Victorian Mallee during the period 1998 – 2005 to analyse the profitability of investing in Precision Agriculture and Site-Specific Crop Management technology and farming systems. Two equipment guidance systems were evaluated. Both guidance systems earned more than 8 percent real return p.a. on the extra capital invested. A Real-Time Kinetic (RTK) guidance system with a precision of 2 cm and a capital cost of $50,000 was less profitable than a Sub-Metre guidance system with 20 cm accuracy and costing $20,000. Producers investing in RTK guidance technology would be well-paid to also adopt supporting management practices that enhance crop gross margins or provide other benefits. The capital cost of GPS...
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Precision Agriculture; GPS technology; Investment; Farm Management.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121470
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Controlling a Stock Pollutant with Endogenous Abatement Capital and Asymmetric Information AgEcon
Karp, Larry S.; Zhang, Jiangfeng.
Non-strategic firms with rational expectations make investment and emissions decisions. The investment rule depends on firms' beliefs about future emissions policies. We compare emissions taxes and quotas when the (strategic) regulator and (nonstrategic) firms have asymmetric information about abatement costs, and all agents use Markov Perfect decision rules. Emissions taxes create a secondary distortion at the investment stage, unless a particular condition holds; emissions quotas do not create a secondary distortion. We solve a linear-quadratic model calibrated to represent the problem of controlling greenhouse gasses. The endogeneity of abatement capital favors taxes, and it increases abatement.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Pollution control; Investment; Asymmetric information; Rational expectations; Choice of instruments; Environmental Economics and Policy; C61; D8; H21; Q28.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25071
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Investment in Cellulosic Biofuel Refineries: Do Renewable Identification Numbers Matter? AgEcon
Miao, Ruiqing; Hennessy, David A.; Babcock, Bruce A..
A floor and trade policy in Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) is the market mechanism by which U.S. biofuel consumption mandates are met. A conceptual model is developed to study the impact of RINs on stimulating investment in cellulosic biofuel refineries. In a two-period framework, we compare the first-period investment level (FIL) in three scenarios: (1) laissez-faire, (2) RINs under a nonwaivable mandate (NWM) policy, and (3) RINs under a waivable mandate (WM) policy. Results show that when firm-level marginal costs are constants, then RINs under WM policy do not stimulate FIL but they do increase the expected profit of more efficient investors. When firm-level marginal costs are not constants, however, RINs under WM policy stimulate FIL. RINs...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Cellulosic biofuels; Investment; Renewable Identification Numbers; Waivable mandate; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94001
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Machinery Investment in Illinois: A Study Examining Existing Investment Motivations AgEcon
Micheels, Eric T.; Katchova, Ani L.; Barry, Peter J..
In this study, we attempt to prove some previously held ideas of machinery investment decisions using farm level data from Illinois. Investment decisions are analyzed taking into consideration past investment decisions in the county and on the individual farm. The results show there is a correlation between county level purchases and individual farm purchases and investment levels decrease the following year after an initial investment. These results display how non-traditional drivers for investment also play an important role in the investment decision.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Machinery; Investment; Keeping up with the Jones'; Treadmill theory; Farm Management.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20374
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What is the irrigation potential for Africa? A Combined Biophysical and Socioeconomic Approach AgEcon
You, Liangzhi; Ringler, Claudia; Nelson, Gerald C.; Wood-Sichra, Ulrike; Robertson, Richard D.; Wood, Stanley; Guo, Zhe; Zhu, Tingju; Sun, Yan.
Although irrigation in Africa has the potential to boost agricultural productivities by at least 50 percent, food production on the continent is almost entirely rainfed. The area equipped for irrigation, currently slightly more than 13 million hectares, makes up just 6 percent of the total cultivated area. Eighty-five percent of Africa’s poor live in rural areas and mostly depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. As a result, agricultural development is key to ending poverty on the continent. Many development organizations have recently proposed to significantly increase investments in irrigation in the region. However, the potential for irrigation investments in Africa is highly dependent upon geographic, hydrologic, agronomic, and economic factors...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Irrigation potential; Internal rate of return; Large-scale irrigation; Small-scale irrigation; Investment; Africa; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93736
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The Environment for Agricultural and Agribusiness Investment in India AgEcon
Landes, Maurice R..
Despite strong overall economic growth and strengthening food demand, investment in Indian agriculture and agribusiness has remained sluggish, and growth in farm output has slowed, since the early 1990s. An array of policies and regulations affecting agricultural production, marketing, and food processing—along with weak infrastructure and a lack of market services—have discouraged private investment by farmers and large, vertically integrated agribusinesses. The policy environment has grown more investor friendly since the late 1990s and private investment appears to be responding, but significant barriers remain and the pace of future reforms remains uncertain.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: India; Agriculture; Agribusiness; Investment; Trade policy; Domestic policy; Infrastructure; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58628
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Trade Agreements: The Important Role of Transparency AgEcon
Kerr, William A..
International trade can be inhibited in two ways; through the use of mechanisms that directly alter the flow of goods and poor transparency in the rules of trade. The former includes tariffs and other border measures, subsidies and non-tariff barriers. The effect on trade flows resulting from issues of transparency is indirect. When the rules of trade are unclear for firms considering investing in trade related activities, the risks associated with those investments increase and investment is inhibited. If there is less investment in trade related activities, trade flows will be reduced. Poor transparency exists in contingent protection measures such as anti-dumping – currently on the agenda of the Rules negotiations at the WTO and – customs and related...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Investment; Liberalization; Risk; Transparency; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6322
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Adjustment is Much Slower than You Think AgEcon
Caballero, Ricardo J.; Engel, Eduardo M.R.A..
In most instances, the dynamic response of monetary and other policies to shocks is infrequent and lumpy. The same holds for the microeconomic response of some of the most important economic variables, such as investment, labor demand, and prices. We show that the standard practice of estimating the speed of adjustment of such variables with partial-adjustment ARMA procedures substantially overestimates this speed. For example, for the target federal funds rate, we find that the actual response to shocks is less than half as fast as the estimated response. For investment, labor demand and prices, the speed of adjustment inferred from aggregates of a small number of agents is likely to be close to instantaneous. While aggregating across microeconomic units...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Speed of adjustment; Discrete adjustment; Lumpy adjustment; Aggregation; Calvo model; ARMA process; Partial adjustment; Expected response time; Monetary policy; Investment; Labor demand; Sticky prices; Idiosyncratic shocks; Impulse response function; Wold representation; Time-to-build; Financial Economics; C22; C43; D2; E2; E5.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28419
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When to Get In and Out of Dairy Farming: A Real Option Analysis AgEcon
Tauer, Loren W..
The Dixit entry/exit real option model was applied to the entry/exit decisions of New York dairy farmers. For the cost structure of a 500-cow farm the entry milk price is $17.52 per hundredweight (cwt.) and the exit milk price is $10.84. For the 50-cow farm cost structure the entry price is higher at $23.71 per cwt., and the exit price is also higher at $13.48. If infinite numbers of representative farms enter and exit at these prices, the price of milk should range between $13.48 and $17.52 per cwt.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Dairy farming; Entry-exit; Investment; Real options; Farm Management.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21251
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Reducing Poverty through Investments in Agricultural Water Management: Poverty and Gender Issues and Synthesis of Sub-Saharan Africa Case Study Reports AgEcon
van Koppen, Barbara; Namara, Regassa E.; Safilios-Rothschild, Constantina.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Irrigated farming; Investment; Poverty; Gender; Cropping systems; Labor; Manual pumps; Case studies; Crop Production/Industries; Labor and Human Capital; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92404
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Intensifying agricultural sustainability: An analysis of impacts and drivers in the development of ‘bright spots’ AgEcon
Noble, Andrew D.; Bossio, Deborah A.; Penning de Vries, Frits W.T.; Pretty, Jules N.; Thiyagarajan, T.M..
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Food security; Farming systems; Sustainable agriculture; Productivity; Investment; Thailand; Palestine; Latin America; Africa; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91818
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Factors Influencing Private Landowner Restoration Investment Decisions in Coastal Louisiana AgEcon
Dedah, Cheikhna O.; Kazmierczak, Richard F., Jr.; Keithly, Walter R., Jr..
Coastal wetland loss has been a major problem in Louisiana, exceeding 1.2 million acres over the last century alone. Although federal, state, and local efforts have attempted to combat this loss from a public perspective, little has been done to encourage private landowners to maintain and protect their coastal lands. This paper investigates the factors that influence private landowners to invest in coastal wetland restoration and maintenance activities in Louisiana. We surveyed private coastal landowners to determine their general socioeconomic characteristics, attitudes toward risks, attitudes toward wetland conservation, current uses of landholdings, and previous investments in wetland restoration and maintenance projects. Using this survey data, an...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Wetlands; Restoration; Investment; Risk; Attitudes; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56451
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Investment of Slovenian farms in the transition context AgEcon
Bojnec, Stefan; Latruffe, Laure.
This paper investigates the investment decisions of Slovenian farms during the transition and adjustment period to European Union (EU) membership and in particular whether these decisions were constrained by financing availability. Results from a standard and an augmented accelerator models indicate that farms’ investment decisions was based on market opportunities during the period 1994-2003, but that the decisions were constrained by financing availability.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Farms; Investment; Accelerator model; Financial constraint; Slovenia.; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7827
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