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| Registros recuperados: 172 | |
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| Westley, Frances R.; Waterloo Institute for Social Innovation and Resilience, University of Waterloo; School for Environment, Enterprise and Development, University of Waterloo; fwestley@uwaterloo.ca; McGowan, Katharine A.; Bissett School of Business, Mount Royal College, Calgary, Alberta; kmcgowan@mtroyal.ca; Antadze, Nino; Department of Environmental Studies, Bucknell University; na011@bucknell.edu; Blacklock, Jaclyn; University of Waterloo; jblacklo@uwaterloo.ca; Tjornbo, Ola; Waterloo Institute for Social Innovation and Resilience, University of Waterloo; ola.tjornbo@gmail.com. |
| We explore the impact of “game changers” on the dynamics of innovation over time in three problem domains, that of wilderness protection, women’s rights, and assimilation of indigenous children in Canada. Taking a specifically historical and cross-scale approach, we look at one social innovation in each problem domain. We explore the origins and history of the development of the National Parks in the USA, the legalization of contraception in the USA and Canada, and the residential school system in Canada. Based on a comparison of these cases, we identify three kinds of game changers, those that catalyze social innovation, which we define as “seminal,” those that disrupt the continuity of social... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Complexity; Game changers; Innovation; North America; Social innovation; Transformative change. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Cavender-Bares, Jeannine; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota; Institute on Environment, University of Minnesota; cavender@umn.edu; Polasky, Stephen; Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota; Institute on Environment, University of Minnesota; polasky@umn.edu; King, Elizabeth; Biological Sciences, Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia; Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia; egking@uga.edu. |
| Achieving sustainability, i.e., meeting the needs of current populations without compromising the needs of future generations, is the major challenge facing global society in the 21st century. Navigating the inherent trade-offs between provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting ecosystem services, and doing so in a way that does not compromise natural capital needed to provide services in the future, is critical for sustainable resource management. Here we build upon existing literature, primarily from economics and ecology, to present an analytical framework that integrates (1) the ecological mechanisms that underpin ecosystem services, (2) biophysical trade-offs and inherent limits that constrain management options, (3) preferences and values... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Dynamics; Ecosystem services; Efficiency frontier; Management constraints; Preferences; Stakeholders; Time lags; Trade-offs. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Welsh, Lisa W.; Department of Environment and Society, Utah State University; lisa03@gmail.com; Endter-Wada, Joanna; Department of Environment and Society, Utah State University; Ecology Center, Utah State University; Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University; joanna.endter-wada@usu.edu; Downard, Rebekah; Ecology Center, Utah State University; Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University; rdownard8@gmail.com; Kettenring, Karin M.; Ecology Center, Utah State University; Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University; karin.kettenring@usu.edu. |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Drought; Social-ecological systems (SES); Vulnerability; Water resources management; Wetlands. |
| Ano: 2013 |
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| Melbourne-Thomas, Jessica; University of Tasmania; Jessica.MelbourneThomas@utas.edu.au; Johnson, Craig R; University of Tasmania; craig.johnson@utas.edu.au; Perez, Pascal; University of Wollongong; pascal.perez@csiro.au; Eustache, Jeremy; Australian National University; jeremy.eustache@voila.fr; Fulton, Elizabeth A; CSIRO Wealth from Oceans Flagship; Beth.Fulton@csiro.au; Cleland, Deborah; Australian National University; deborah.cleland@anu.edu.au. |
| Transdisciplinary approaches that consider both socioeconomic and biophysical processes are central to understanding and managing rapid change in coral reef systems worldwide. To date, there have been limited attempts to couple the two sets of processes in dynamic models for coral reefs, and these attempts are confined to reef systems in developed countries. We present an approach to coupling existing biophysical and socioeconomic models for coral reef systems in the Mexican state of Quintana Roo. The biophysical model is multiscale, using dynamic equations to capture local-scale ecological processes on individual reefs, with reefs connected at regional scales by the ocean transport of larval propagules. The agent-based socioeconomic model simulates... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Biophysical; Coral reefs; Coupled models; Decision support; Socioeconomic; Social– Ecological systems. |
| Ano: 2011 |
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| De Vos, Alta; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Rhodes University, South Africa; a.devos@ru.ac.za; Cumming, Graeme S.; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; ARC Centre of Excellence in Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; graeme.cumming@jcu.edu.au; Cumming, David H. M.; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Tropical Resource Ecology Programme, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe; cumming@icon.co.zw; Ament, Judith M.; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; judith.ament@uct.ac.za; Baum, Julia; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; jubaum5@gmail.com; Clements, Hayley S; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; clementshayley@gmail.com; Grewar, John D; Western Cape Government, Department of Agriculture, Elsenburg, South Africa; JohnG@elsenburg.com; Maciejewski, Kristine; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Krismacski@gmail.com; Moore, Christine; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, UK; christine.moore@ouce.ox.ac.uk. |
| It is extremely important for biodiversity conservation that protected areas are resilient to a range of potential future perturbations. One of the least studied influences on protected area resilience is that of disease. We argue that wildlife disease (1) is a social-ecological problem that must be approached from an interdisciplinary perspective; (2) has the potential to lead to changes in the identity of protected areas, possibly transforming them; and (3) interacts with conservation both directly (via impacts on wild animals, livestock, and people) and indirectly (via the public, conservation management, and veterinary responses). We use southern African protected areas as a case study to test a framework for exploring the connections between... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Disease; Identity; Pathogens; Protected areas; Resilience; Social-ecological systems; Southern Africa. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Camp, Edward V.; Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Program, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida; edvcamp@ufl.edu; Pine III, William E.; Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida; billpine@ufl.edu; Havens, Karl; Florida Sea Grant College Program and School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida; khavens@ufl.edu; Kane, Andrew S.; Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida; Aquatic Pathobiology Laboratories, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida; Center for Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Florida; kane@ufl.edu; Walters, Carl J.; Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia; c.walters@fisheries.ubc.ca; Irani, Tracy; Family, Youth and Community Sciences Department, University of Florida; Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida; irani@ufl.edu; Lindsey, Angela B; Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida; Family, Youth and Community Sciences Department and Center of Public Issues Education, University of Florida; ablindsey@ufl.edu; Morris, Jr., J. Glenn; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida; College of Medicine, University of Florida; JGMorris@epi.ufl.edu. |
| Diagnosing causal factors of change at the ecosystem level is challenging because multiple drivers often interact at various spatial and temporal scales. We employ an integrated natural and social science approach to assess potential mechanisms leading to the collapse of an estuarine social-ecological system, and recommend future paths to increased system resilience. Our case study is the collapse of the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) fishery in Apalachicola Bay, Florida, USA, and the associated impacts on local resource dependent communities. The oyster fishery collapse is the most recent in a series of environmental stressors to this region, which have included hurricanes and tropical storms, drought, and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. We found... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Community resilience; Drought; Estuaries; Oyster fishery. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Loos, Jonathon R; Center for the Environment, Plymouth State University; jonathon.loos@gmail.com; Rogers, Shannon H; Center for the Environment, Plymouth State University; shrogers@plymouth.edu. |
| Inland flood risks are defined by a range of environmental and social factors, including land use and floodplain management. Shifting patterns of storm intensity and precipitation, attributed to climate change, are exacerbating flood risk in regions across North America. Strategies for adapting to growing flood risks and climate change must account for a community’s specific vulnerabilities, and its local economic, environmental, and social conditions. Through a stakeholder-engaged methodology, we designed an interactive decision exercise to enable stakeholders to evaluate alternatives for addressing specific community flood vulnerabilities. We used a multicriteria framework to understand what drives stakeholder preferences for flood mitigation... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem-based adaptation; Flood; Hazard planning; Multicriteria decision making; Stakeholder values; Utility theory. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Leach, Melissa; STEPS Centre, University of Sussex; m.leach@ids.ac.uk; Raskin, Paul; Tellus Institute, Boston;; Scoones, Ian; STEPS Centre, University of Sussex; i.scoones@ids.ac.uk; Stirling, Andy C; STEPS Centre, University of Sussex; a.c.stirling@sussex.ac.uk; Smith, Adrian; STEPS Centre, University of Sussex; a.g.smith@sussex.ac.uk; Thompson, John; ; j.thompson@ids.ac.uk; Millstone, Erik; ; e.p.millstone@sussex.ac.uk; Ely, Adrian; ; a.v.ely@sussex.ac.uk; Arond, Elisa; ;; Folke, Carl; ; carl.folke@beijer.kva.se; Olsson, Per; ; per.olsson@stockholmresilience.su.se. |
| The urgency of charting pathways to sustainability that keep human societies within a "safe operating space" has now been clarified. Crises in climate, food, biodiversity, and energy are already playing out across local and global scales and are set to increase as we approach critical thresholds. Drawing together recent work from the Stockholm Resilience Centre, the Tellus Institute, and the STEPS Centre, this commentary article argues that ambitious Sustainable Development Goals are now required along with major transformation, not only in policies and technologies, but in modes of innovation themselves, to meet them. As examples of dryland agriculture in East Africa and rural energy in Latin America illustrate, such "transformative innovation" needs to... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Development goals; Grassroots; Planetary boundaries; Sustainable innovation; Sustainability. |
| Ano: 2012 |
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| Cosens, Barbara A; University of Idaho College of Law; bcosens@uidaho.edu. |
| Ecologists have made great strides in developing criteria for describing the resilience of an ecological system. In addition, expansion of that effort to social-ecological systems has begun the process of identifying changes to the social system necessary to foster resilience in an ecological system such as the use of adaptive management and integrated ecosystem management. However, these changes to governance needed to foster ecosystem resilience will not be adopted by democratic societies without careful attention to their effect on the social system itself. Delegation of increased flexibility for adaptive management to resource management agencies must include careful attention to assuring that increased flexibility is exercised in a manner that is... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive governance; Ecosystem management; Law; Legitimacy; Networks; Policy; Resilience. |
| Ano: 2013 |
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| Reidsma, Pytrik; Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University; pytrik.reidsma@wur.nl; Ewert, Frank; Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University; Crop Science Group, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn; frank.ewert@wur.nl. |
| Food production must adapt in the face of climate change. In Europe, projected vulnerability of food production to climate change is particularly high in Mediterranean regions. Increasing agricultural diversity has been suggested as an adaptation strategy, but empirical evidence is lacking. We analyzed the relationship between regional farm diversity (i.e., diversity among farm types) and the effects of climate variability on regional wheat (Triticum spp.) productivity. An extensive data set with information from more than 50 000 farms from 1990 to 2003 was analyzed, along with observed weather data. Our results suggest that the diversity in farm size and intensity, particularly high in Mediterranean regions, reduces vulnerability of regional... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Farm diversity; Regional crop productivity; Vulnerability. |
| Ano: 2008 |
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| Margoluis, Richard; Foundations of Success;; Stem, Caroline; Foundations of Success;; Swaminathan, Vinaya; Foundations of Success; vinaya@fosonline.org; Brown, Marcia; Foundations of Success;; Johnson, Arlyne; Foundations of Success;; Placci, Guillermo; Foundations of Success;; Salafsky, Nick; Foundations of Success; Nick@FOSonline.org; Tilders, Ilke; Foundations of Success;. |
| Every day, the challenges to achieving conservation grow. Threats to species, habitats, and ecosystems multiply and intensify. The conservation community has invested decades of resources and hard work to reduce or eliminate these threats. However, it struggles to demonstrate that its efforts are having an impact. In recent years, conservation project managers, teams, and organizations have found themselves under increasing pressure to demonstrate measurable impacts that can be attributed to their actions. To do so, they need to answer three important questions: (1) Are we achieving our desired impact?; (2) Have we selected the best interventions to achieve our desired impact?; and (3) Are we executing our interventions in the best possible manner? We... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Assumption; Effectiveness; Evaluation; Impact; Measure; Monitoring; Outcome; Planning; Results chains; Theory of change. |
| Ano: 2013 |
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| Allen, Craig R; U.S. Geological Survey, Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; allencr@unl.edu; Holling, C. S.; Department of Zoology, University of Florida; holling@zoo.ufl.edu. |
| We present a conceptual framework that explores some of the forces creating innovation and novelty in complex systems. Understanding the sources of variability and novelty may help us better understand complex systems. Understanding complex phenomena such as invasions, migration, and nomadism may provide insight into the structure of ecosystems and other complex systems, and aid our attempts to cope with and mitigate these phenomena, in the case of invasions, and better understand and or predict them. Our model is broadly applicable to ecological theory, including community ecology, resilience, restoration, and policy. Characterizing the link between landscape change and the composition of species communities may help policymakers in their decision-making... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Cross-scale; Extinction; Innovation; Invasion; Speciation. |
| Ano: 2010 |
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| Twyman, Chasca; Department of Geography, University of Sheffield; Sheffield Centre for International Drylands Research; C.Twyman@shef.ac.uk; Fraser, Evan D. G.; Department of Geography, University of Guelph; University of Leeds; frasere@uoguelph.ca; Stringer, Lindsay C.; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; l.stringer@leeds.ac.uk; Quinn, C.; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; C.H.Quinn@leeds.ac.uk; Dougill, Andrew J.; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; a.j.dougill@leeds.ac.uk; Crane, Todd A.; Technology and Agrarian Development, Wageningen University ; todd.crane@wur.nl; Sallu, Susannah M.; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; s.sallu@leeds.ac.uk. |
| The literature on drought, livelihoods, and poverty suggests that dryland residents are especially vulnerable to climate change. However, assessing this vulnerability and sharing lessons between dryland communities on how to reduce vulnerability has proven difficult because of multiple definitions of vulnerability, complexities in quantification, and the temporal and spatial variability inherent in dryland agroecological systems. In this closing editorial, we review how we have addressed these challenges through a series of structured, multiscale, and interdisciplinary vulnerability assessment case studies from drylands in West Africa, southern Africa, Mediterranean Europe, Asia, and Latin America. These case studies adopt a common vulnerability framework... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Drylands; Scenarios; Narratives; Development; Livelihoods; Poverty; Policy. |
| Ano: 2011 |
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| Newton, Adrian C; Bournemouth University; anewton@bournemouth.ac.uk. |
| Protected areas are increasingly being recognized as coupled social-ecological systems, whose effectiveness depends on their resilience. Here I present a historical profile of an individual case study, the New Forest (England), which was first designated as a protected area more than 900 years ago. Uniquely, a traditional pattern of land use has been maintained ever since, providing a rare opportunity to examine the resilience of an integrated social-ecological system over nine centuries. The New Forest demonstrates that over the long term, coupled social-ecological systems can be resilient to major internal and external shocks, including climate change, mass human mortality and war. Changes in governance had the greatest impact on the reserve itself, with... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Effectiveness; Protected area; Resilience; Social-ecological systems. |
| Ano: 2011 |
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| Turner, Nancy J; University of Victoria; nturner@uvic.ca; Gregory, Robin; Decision Research & Value Scope Research, Inc.; rgregory@interchange.ubc.ca; Brooks, Cheryl; Indigenuity Consulting Group; cheryl@indigenuity.ca; Failing, Lee; Compass Resource Management; lfailing@compassrm.com; Satterfield, Terre; University of British Columbia; satterfd@interchange.ubc.ca. |
| This paper explores the need for a broader and more inclusive approach to decisions about land and resources, one that recognizes the legitimacy of cultural values and traditional knowledge in environmental decision making and policy. Invisible losses are those not widely recognized or accounted for in decisions about resource planning and decision making in resource- and land-use negotiations precisely because they involve considerations that tend to be ignored by managers and scientists or because they are often indirect or cumulative, resulting from a complex, often cumulative series of events, decisions, choices, or policies. First Nations communities in western North America have experienced many such losses that, together, have resulted in a decline... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: First Nations; Decision making; Resource use; Negotiations; Cultural values. |
| Ano: 2008 |
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| Registros recuperados: 172 | |
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