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| Registros recuperados: 6.820 | |
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| Scheiner, Samuel M; National Science Foundation; sscheine@nsf.gov; Levassor, Catherine; ;. |
| We examined patterns of commonness and rarity among plant species in montane wet grasslands of Iberia. This examination is set within two contexts. First, we expanded on an earlier scheme for classifying species as common or rare by adding a fourth criterion, the ability of that species to occupy a larger or smaller fraction of its potential suitable habitats, i.e., habitat occupancy. Second, we explicated two theories, the superior organism theory and the generalist/specialist trade-off theory. The data consisted of 232 species distributed among 92 plots. The species were measured for mean local abundance, size of environmental volume occupied, percentage of volume occupied, range within Iberia, and range in Europe and the Mediterranean basin. In general,... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Commonness; Endangered species; Generalist/specialist trade-off; Geographic range; Habitat occupancy; Habitat specificity; Iberia; Local abundance; Montane grasslands; Rarity; Superior organism theory.. |
| Ano: 1999 |
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| Andersen, Alan; Wildlife and Ecology, CSIRO Tropical Ecosystems Research Centre; Alan.Andersen@terc.csiro.au. |
| European ("scientific") and Aboriginal ("experiential") perspectives on fire management in northern Australia are often contrasted with each other. For Europeans, management is portrayed as a science-based, strategically directed and goal-oriented exercise aimed at achieving specific ecological outcomes. In contrast, landscape burning by Aboriginal people is more of an emergent property, diffusely arising from many uses of fire that serve social, cultural, and spiritual, as well as ecological, needs. Aboriginal knowledge is acquired through tradition and personal experience, rather than through the scientific paradigm of hypothesis testing. Here I argue that, in practice, science plays only a marginal role in European fire management in northern Australia.... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Aboriginal burning; Adaptive management; Australia; Cross-cultural conflict; Fire ecology; Land management; Management culture; Performance indicators; Science culture; Strategic goals; Traditional fire ecology and management.. |
| Ano: 1999 |
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| Lynam, Timothy; Tropical Resource Ecology Program, University of Zimbabwe; tlynam@science.uz.ac.zw. |
| Zambezi Valley agro-ecosystems are environmentally, economically, and institutionally variable. This variability means that it is not possible to measure everything necessary to develop a predictive understanding of them. In particular, because people and their environments are constantly changing, what was measured yesterday may change by tomorrow. Here, I describe elements of the approach that I have developed to address this problem. Called DAAWN, for Detail as and When Needed, the approach advocates an iterative and multiscaled methodology in which we first capture as broad an understanding of the system as possible and then use awareness developed at this scale to identify where to focus subsequent, more detailed, investigations. Because we cannot... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Comples adaptive systems; Household and resource economics; Livelihood strategies; Modeling; Multi-agent simulation models; Natural resource use; Participatory systems analysis; Southern Africa; Spidergrams. |
| Ano: 1999 |
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| Registros recuperados: 6.820 | |
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