SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Monserrat,José M.; Bianchini,Adalto.

The kinetic characteristic (Km) of cholinesterase from the crab Chasmagnathus granulata, the shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis and the fish Odontesthes bonaeriensis were compared and correlated with the anticholinesterasic effect of eserine (physostigmine). For the crustaceans, the estimated Km values were about 5-8 times higher than that estimated for the fish (0.04 mM). In the crab and the shrimp, the concentration of eserine which inhibited 50% of cholinesterase activity (IC50) was estimated as 5.33x10-4 and 4.33x10-4 mM, respectively. In both cases, it was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that estimated for the fish larvae (7.43x10-5 mM). A high Km could reflect a lower affinity of the cholinesterase for its natural substrate, acetylcholine, or...

Diet of Astyanax species (Teleostei, Characidae) in an Atlantic Forest River in Southern Brazil

Palavras-chave: Eserine; Physostigmine; Acetylcholinesterase; Fish; Silverside fish; Crustacean.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132001000100009

Vilella,Fábio Silveira; Becker,Fernando Gertum; Hartz,Sandra Maria.

Feeding habits of six species of Astyanax from river Maquiné are described. Fishes were sampled bi-monthly from November/95 to September/96 in two zones of the river. Items were identified, counted and had their abundance estimated according to a semi-quantitative scale. Frequency of occurrence, alimentary importance index (IFI) values and a similarity analysis of diets for each species-river zone sample were examined. All the species were considered typically omnivorous, with insects and vegetal matter being the most important items in their diet. These species could act as seed dispersers, particularly for macrophytes. Intra-specific spatial differences were not observed in comparisons of samples from two diferent regions of the river, except for A....

Feeding ecology of stream-dwelling fishes from a coastal stream in the Southeast of Brazil

Palavras-chave: Diet; Seed dispersal; Fish; Astyanax; Atlantic Forest; Brazil.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132002000200015

Mazzoni,Rosana; Costa,Leandro Damião Soares da.

The relationship between ontogenetic variation of intestine length and feeding habits of five stream-dwelling fish species from the Ubatiba River were investigated. Analysed data were based on two size categories (juveniles and adults) and two food categories (animal and vegetal). Diet composition of each size category revealed that Astyanax janeiroensis and Geophagus brasiliensis changed food preference throughout ontogeny and switched from omnivorous/carnivorous to omnivorous/herbivorous and from omnivorous/carnivorous to omnivorous, respectively. These changes were followed by ontogenetic changes in the Intestinal Coefficient (IC). No ontogenetic differences were registered for IC and food categories consumed by Hoplias malabaricus but significant...

Longitudinal distribution of Hypostomus punctatus (Osteichthyes, Loricariidae) in a coastal stream from Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil

Palavras-chave: Fish; Coastal stream; Feeding habit; Intestinal coefficient.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132007000400008

Menezes,Márcia S. de; Caramaschi,Érica P..

Hypostomus punctatus was collected between June/1987 and July/1988, in three sampling stations with different features, along the Ubatiba stream (Maricá, Rio de Janeiro state). Sampling stations 2 and 3 were more similar (50% similarity) to each other. The species was frequent and persistent in all sampling stations. The size varied from 1.0 to 22.2 cm. The occurrence of different size classes along the stream was probably related to the kind of environment. Young forms prevailed in the total sample and were mainly collected next to the submersed riparian vegetation. Adults occurred just in sampling stations 1 and 2, and were found most often in rapids with rocky bottom, and in pools among submersed branches.

Bacterial Community Associated with Fish and Water from Congonhas River, Sertaneja, Paraná, Brazil

Palavras-chave: Fish; Hypostomus punctatus; Longitudinal distribution; Structure in size; Coastal streams.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132000000200013

Sousa,José Américo de; Silva-Souza,Ângela Teresa.

A bacteriological study was conducted on fish and water from Congonhas River, Sertaneja (22º58 S; 50º58 W), Paraná State, Brazil. From 44% of the analysed fish, bacteria belonging to Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Enterobacteriaceae, Micrococcus, Bacillus and Lactobacillus were isolated. The group most frequently isolated from fish was Aeromonas. In the water, the bacterial groups detected were Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Enterobacteriaceae, Bacillus and Flavobacterium, from which Flavobacterium and Acinetobacter were the most abundant. The numbers of Colony Forming Units per millilitre of water varied from 3.1x10² to 1.0 x 10³. Although a clear pattern was not detected in the susceptibilities/resistances of the isolated strains to...

Changes in the diet composition of transitory fishes in coastal systems, estuary and continental shelf

Palavras-chave: Bacterial community; Fish; Congonhas River; Aeromonas; Pseudomonas; Resistance.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132001000400007

Chaves,Paulo T. C.; Umbria,Simone C..

The feeding habits of five species of teleosts in the southern coast of Brazil were analyzed comparatively between estuary and continental shelf. The displacement between the two sites caused expressive qualitative alterations, the proportion of different items varying from 50% in the diet of Micropogonias furnieri to 89% in Isopisthus parvipinnis. In the group of species, 57% of the items were exclusive to one of the environments and, within the three most common items in the estuary - fish, Polychaeta and plants, only the former was also among the most common items in the shelf. In spite of these differences, the high spectrum of items in both environments and the nature of the item that was most consumed in each one, indicate that there was a certain...

Food passage time through the alimentary tract of a brazilian teleost fish, Prochilodus scrofa (Steindachner, 1881) using radiography

Palavras-chave: Diet; Fish; Estuary; Continental Shelf; Brazil.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132003000100007

Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci.

BARBIERI,Renato Lamounier; LEITE,Rodolpho Guião; STERMAN,Franklin de Almeida; HERNANDEZ-BLAZQUEZ,Francisco Javier.

Food passage time through the digestive tract of a detritivorous freshwater fish (Prochilodus scrofa) was determinate by radiographic techniques using barium sulfate as a contrast medium. The fish were kept in tanks at a constant temperature of 23.5ºC and received by an oral catheter a mixture of 2.5 parts of ground ration and 1 part of oral suspension of contrast medium (Celobar). Radiographs were taken at intervals of 3 hours. Immediately after the introduction of the mixture the stomach was outlined by the contrast. A sphincter was observed between the cardiac and the muscular stomachs. After 3 hours, 80 per cent of the proximal intestine was filled. After 6 hours the contrast reached the proximal, medial and distal portions of the intestine. After 9...

Characterization of the fishes and of subsistence fishing in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil

Palavras-chave: Intestine; Digestive system; Radiography; Fish.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-95961998000100006

BJB

OLIVEIRA,R. D. de; NOGUEIRA,F. M. de B..

Fishing is one of the oldest human activities in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso in Central Brazil. In the of Bento Gomes River Basin (Pantanal of Poconé) the presence of fishermen is very common. The objective of this study is to describe the fishing activity in the basin in view of the elaboration of proposals for the sustainable use of this natural resource. Of the 256 fishermen that were registered most are fishing for their subsistence (92%) and the rest (8%) are occasional fishermen (locally called "de lufada" fishermen). "Traíra" (Hoplias gr. malabaricus) and "piranhas" (Serrasalmus marginatus, Serrasalmus spilopleura and Pygocentrus nattereri) were the species most frequently captured for human consumption. The fishing is more intensive during the ebb...

Monoterpenoids (thymol, carvacrol and S-(+)-linalool) with anesthetic activity in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen): evaluation of acetylcholinesterase and GABAergic activity

Palavras-chave: Pantanal of Mato Grosso; Fish; Subsistence fishing.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-71082000000300008

Bianchini,A.E.; Garlet,Q.I.; da Cunha,J.A.; Bandeira Junior,G.; Brusque,I.C.M.; Salbego,J.; Heinzmann,B.M.; Baldisserotto,B..

This study evaluated the anesthetic potential of thymol and carvacrol, and their influence on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the muscle and brain of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). The AChE activity of S-(+)-linalool was also evaluated. We subsequently assessed the effects of thymol and S-(+)-linalool on the GABAergic system. Fish were exposed to thymol and carvacrol (25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/L) to evaluate time for anesthesia and recovery. Both compounds induced sedation at 25 mg/L and anesthesia with 50–100 mg/L. However, fish exposed to carvacrol presented strong muscle contractions and mortality. AChE activity was increased in the brain of fish at 50 mg/L carvacrol and 100 mg/L thymol, and decreased in the muscle at 100 mg/L carvacrol....

Influence of season and pollution on the antioxidant defenses of the cichlid fish acará (Geophagus brasiliensis)

Palavras-chave: AChE; Anesthesia; Benzodiazepine; Fish; GABAA; Terpenoids.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2017001200610

Wilhelm Filho,D.; Torres,M.A.; Tribess,T.B.; Pedrosa,R.C.; Soares,C.H.L..

The livers of Geophagus brasiliensis collected from both a non-polluted site and a polluted site were analyzed for different antioxidant defenses, O2 consumption, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) levels, and histological damage. Compared to controls (116.6 ± 26.1 nmol g-1), TBARS levels were enhanced at the polluted site (284.2 ± 25.6 nmol g-1), as also was oxygen consumption (86.6 ± 11.3 and 128.5 ± 9.8 µmol O2 min-1 g-1, respectively). With respect to enzymatic antioxidants, increased catalase activities (8.7 ± 1.3 and 29.2 ± 2.4 mmol min-1 g-1, respectively), unchanged superoxide dismutase activities (767.2 ± 113.3 and 563.3 ± 70.2 U g-1, respectively), and diminished glutathione S-transferase activities (29.0 ± 3.2 and 14.9 ± 3.2 µmol...

Increased immunoglobulin production in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) exposed to agrichemicals

Palavras-chave: Oxyradicals; Antioxidant defenses; Fish; Acará; Season; Pollution; Adaptation.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000600004

Effect of hypoxia on the activity and binding of glycolytic and associated enzymes in sea scorpion tissues

Kreutz,L.C.; Pavan,T.R.; Alves,A.G.; Correia,A.G.; Barriquel,B.; dos Santos,E.D.; Barcellos,L.J.G..

Fish vaccination has been increasingly exploited as a tool to control pathogen infection. The production of immunoglobulin following vaccination might be affected by several factors such as management procedures, water temperature, and the presence of xenobiotics. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the kinetics of immunoglobulin production in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) inoculated with inactivated Aeromonas hydrophila and kept at two different water temperatures (17.4±0.4° or 21.3±0.3°C). The effect of a second antigen inoculation and exposure of fish to sublethal concentrations of the herbicides atrazine and glyphosate at 10% of the lethal concentration (LC50-96h) on specific serum antibodies were also investigated. Antibodies to A....

Palavras-chave: Fish; Humoral response; Antibody production; Herbicides; Adjuvant.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2014000600499

Lushchak,V.I.; Bahnjukova,T.V.; Storey,K.B..

The effect of hypoxia on the levels of glycogen, glucose and lactate as well as the activities and binding of glycolytic and associated enzymes to subcellular structures was studied in brain, liver and white muscle of the teleost fish, Scorpaena porcus. Hypoxia exposure decreased glucose levels in liver from 2.53 to 1.70 µmol/g wet weight and in muscle led to its increase from 3.64 to 25.1 µmol/g wet weight. Maximal activities of several enzymes in brain were increased by hypoxia: hexokinase by 23%, phosphoglucoisomerase by 47% and phosphofructokinase (PFK) by 56%. However, activities of other enzymes in brain as well as enzymes in liver and white muscle were largely unchanged or decreased during experimental hypoxia. Glycolytic enzymes in all three...

Electrolocation-communication discharges of the fish Gymnotus carapo L. (Gymnotidae: Gymnotiformes) during behavioral sleep

Palavras-chave: Fish; Sea scorpion; Scorpaena porcus; Hypoxia; Metabolites; Glycolytic enzyme binding.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000800005

Stopa,R.M.; Hoshino,K..

Technical problems have hampered the study of sleep in teleosts. The electrical discharges of Gymnotus carapo L. (Gymnotidae: Gymnotiformes) were monitored to evaluate their ease and reliability as parameters to study sleep. The discharges were detected by electrodes immersed in a glass aquarium and were recorded on a conventional polygraph. G. carapo showed conspicuous signs of behavioral sleep. During these periods, opercular beat rates were counted, electric discharges recorded, and the "sharp discharge increase" (SDI) of the orienting reflex was investigated. All 20 animals monitored maintained electrical discharges during behavioral sleep. The discharge frequencies during sleep (50.3 ± 10.4 Hz) were not significantly different from those observed when...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other

Palavras-chave: Sleep; Fish; Electric discharges; Cannibalism; Antipredation mechanism.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999001000008

Fish hemoglobins

Souza,P.C. de; Bonilla-Rodriguez,G.O..

Vertebrate hemoglobin, contained in erythrocytes, is a globular protein with a quaternary structure composed of 4 globin chains (2 alpha and 2 beta) and a prosthetic group named heme bound to each one. Having myoglobin as an ancestor, hemoglobin acquired the capacity to respond to chemical stimuli that modulate its function according to tissue requirements for oxygen. Fish are generally submitted to spatial and temporal O2 variations and have developed anatomical, physiological and biochemical strategies to adapt to the changing environmental gas availability. Structurally, most fish hemoglobins are tetrameric; however, those from some species such as lamprey and hagfish dissociate, being monomeric when oxygenated and oligomeric when deoxygenated. Fish...

Antibody response in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) immunized with a model antigen associated with different adjuvants

Palavras-chave: Hemoglobins; Fish; Root effect; Bohr effect.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000600004

Pavan,T.R.; Di Domenico,J.; Kirsten,K.S.; Nied,C.O.; Frandoloso,R.; Kreutz,L.C..

Adjuvants are essential to boost the immune response to inoculated antigen and play a central role in vaccine development. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of several adjuvants in the production of anti-bovine serum albumin (BSA) antibodies in silver catfish. Two hundred and seventy juvenile silver catfish (60–80 g) of both sexes were intraperitoneally vaccinated with BSA (200 µg/fish) alone or mixed to the following adjuvants: Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA), Freund’s incomplete adjuvant (FIA), aluminum hydroxide (AlOH), Montanide, four types of cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) and three concentrations of β-glucan, and the immune enhancing property was evaluated by measuring anti-BSA antibodies in blood samples at...

Effect of dietary (n-3) highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and survival of fat snook (Centropomus parallelus, Pisces: Centropomidae) larvae during first feeding

Palavras-chave: Vaccination; Fish; Immune response; CpGs ODN; Β-glucan.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016000800606

Seiffert,M.E.B.; Cerqueira,V.R.; Madureira,L.A.S..

The effect of rotifers, Brachionus rotundiformis (S-type), fed three different diets: A (rotifer fed Nannochloropsis oculata), B (rotifer fed N. oculata and baker's yeast, 1:1), and C (rotifer fed N. oculata and baker's yeast, 1:1, and enriched with Selco<FONT FACE="Symbol">â</FONT>), was evaluated based on the survival, growth and swim bladder inflation rate of fat snook larvae. Rotifers of treatment A had higher levels (4.58 mg/g dry weight) of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) than B (1.81 mg/g dry weight), and similar levels (0.04 and 0.06 mg/g dry weight, respectively) of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Rotifers of treatment C had the highest levels of EPA (13.2 mg/g dry weight) and DHA (6.08 mg/g dry weight). Fat snook eggs were obtained by...

Karyological, biochemical, and physiological aspects of Callophysus macropterus (Siluriformes, Pimelodidae) from the Solimões and Negro Rivers (Central Amazon)

Palavras-chave: Fish; Larvae; Centropomus parallelus; Feeding; Highly unsaturated fatty acid.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000500013

Ramirez-Gil,H.; Feldberg,E.; Almeida-Val,V.M.F.; Val,A.L..

Karyological characteristics, i.e., diploid number, chromosome morphology and nucleolus organizer regions (NORs), biochemical characteristics, i.e., electrophoretic analysis of blood hemoglobin and the tissue enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), and physiological characteristics, i.e., relative concentration of hemoglobin and intraerythrocytic concentrations of organic phosphates were analyzed for the species Callophysus macropterus collected from Marchantaria Island (white water system - Solimões River) and Anavilhanas Archipelago (black water system - Negro River). Karyological and biochemical data did not reveal significant differences between specimens...

Restriction site heteroplasmy in the mitochondrial DNA of Brycon opalinus (Cuvier, 1819) (Characiformes, Characidae, Bryconiae)

Palavras-chave: Callophysus; Fish; Amazon; Population genetics; Adaptation.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998001100014

Hilsdorf,A.W.S.; Krieger,J.E..

Homoplasmy is a feature usually found in the mtDNA of higher animal taxa. On the other hand, the presence of two classes of mtDNA in the same cell or organism is rare and may appear in length or site variation. Data from mtDNA RFLP analysis of Brycon opalinus populations (Cuvier, 1819; Characiformes, Characidae, Bryconinae) revealed site heteroplasmy from endonuclease NheI digestion. Southern blotting hybridization was used to survey a total of 257 specimens with 24 restriction enzymes. Three different restriction fragment patterns of mtDNA were obtained from NheI digestion. Two individuals from hatchery broodstock were found to have two of them. NheI digests of heteroplasmic individuals yielded two fragments of approximately 1180 and 1260 bp. Despite the...

Evaluation of the addition of ascorbic acid to the ration of cultivated Piaractus mesopotamicus (Characidae) on the infrapopulation of Anacanthorus penilabiatus (Monogenea)

Palavras-chave: Restriction enzymes; Broodstock; Fish.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004000300003

Martins,M.L..

Sixty Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 (pacu) fry fed a diet containing 0, 50, 100 and 200 mg ascorbic acid/kg dry feed were studied to evaluate the effect on parasitic infestation by the monogenean Anacanthorus penilabiatus Boeger, Husak and Martins, 1995 (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) for a period of 24 weeks. The temperature of the aquaria was measured daily and remained between 28 and 31oC. At the beginning of the experiment, fish showed 6.15 ± 0.33 cm standard length and 8.64 ± 1.62 g average body weight. A sample of fish was examined and showed 43 ± 17 monogeneans per fish. At the end of the experiment, the gills of control and vitamin C-treated fish were collected for parasite counts. Control fish had 42.5 parasites per fish, a significantly...

Eye color as an indicator of social rank in the fish Nile tilapia

Palavras-chave: Ascorbic acid; Monogenean; Anacanthorus penilabiatus; Infestation; Fish; Piaractus mesopotamicus.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000500008