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| Registros recuperados: 115 | |
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| Matus,F.J; Retamales,J.B; Sánchez,P. |
| A laboratory incubation study (22 oC ± 2 ºC) with pruning residues of Asian pear ( P. pyrifolia, cv. Hosui) was carried out to determine the effects of residue particle size (<0.5 mm, 0.5-2 mm and 2-4 mm), residue quality (defined as C-to-N ratio, and total fibre content of each size class) and soil texture on C- and N-mineralisation in two Chilean soils. Particle size had a significat impact on C-mineralisation; however, no differences were observed for N-mineralisation. After 10 days of incubation, particles <0.5 mm evolved more C-CO2 than medium (0.5-2 mm) and coarse particles. Thereafter, no significant (P <0.05) differences were observed for the smaller particles, while coarse sizes showed low C-CO2 evolution during the all incubation period,... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Residue particle size; Pear pruning residues; C and N mineralisation rates. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-27912006000100002 |
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| Casanova P,Manuel; Benavides Z,Carlos. |
| Empleando información cartográfica y una base de datos se predijo la distribución espacial de la volatilización a partir de urea granular aplicada superficialmente en la zona central de Chile, bajo el supuesto que el potencial de pérdida amoniacal sólo depende de las propiedades del suelo, y que se asocian al espacio físico conocido como micrositio. Las propiedades relevantes (capacidad de intercambio catiónico, actividad ureásica, tamponamiento del pH y pH del suelo post-hidrólisis de la urea o pH/) para el proceso de pérdida de amoníaco, se definieron acorde a un modelo conceptual, determinándose que los valores umbrales para un alto potencial de pérdidas son: CIC ≤ 20 cmol(+) kg-1, actividad ureásica ≥ 40 N-urea g-1 h-1 and pH... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Funciones de pedotransferencia; Urea; Volatilización. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-27912009000100002 |
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| Bhandral,R; Bolan,N.S; Saggar,S. |
| Intensification in dairying and increased production of farm dairy effluent (FDE) has raised concerns about gaseous nitrogen (N) losses and their environmental implications. This study was undertaken to monitor changes in mineral-N and soil water-filled pore-space (WFPS) in relation to N(2)0 emission from application of FDE to dairy-grazed pasture. Pasture was irrigated with FDE in September 2003 (first irrigation) and January 2004 (second irrigation), preceded by grazing events. The N(2)0 emission rate increased after application of FDE. Total amounts of N(2)0 emitted from FDE application for first and second irrigation were 2% and 4.9%, respectively, of the total N added through effluents. Difference in emission rates between the two irrigation events... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: : Denitrification; Mineral-N; Carbon; Oxygen diffusion rate. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-27912010000100003 |
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| Figueiredo,Thomaz; Grassi Filho,Lobo e Helio. |
| O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiencia do lodo de esgoto em fornecer N para a cultura do girassol, em substituição ao N mineral. O lodo de esgoto por ser um residuo orgânico atêm do fornecimento do N, poderá contribuir com outros nutrientes para as culturas, pois é rico de N, P, S, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn A sua utilização na agricultura, alem de poder melhorar as características químicas e físicas dos solos, trará urna sobrevida aos aterras sanitarios. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda São Manuel da Faculdade de Ciências Agronómicas da UNESP Campus de Botucatu, localizada no municipio de São Manuel. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizado constituido por 6 tratamentos e 5 repeticoes. Os tratamentos foram: TO - adubação mineral... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Biossolido; Nitrogênio e Nutrição do girassol. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-27912007000300002 |
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| Rubilar,O; Elgueta,S; Tortella,G; Gianfreda,L; Diez,MC. |
| Pellets of the white-rot fungus Anthracophyllum discolor with activated carbon and sawdust (complex pellets) were formulated for the degradation of lignin in water and the bioremediation of soil contaminated with pentachlorophenol (PCP). The complex pellets were formed by a center of activated carbon and sawdust surrounded by fungal mycelium, whereas simple pellets consisting of only mycelium were hollow spheres. Degradation of lignin was performed in an airlift reactor at initial lignin concentration of 1000 mg L-1 and the fungal pellets were re-used two times in batch operations. Complex pellets degraded lignin by 87 and 72% in the first and second cycle, respectively, and they were significantly more effective than simple pellets. In addition, complex... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: White-rot fungi; Lignin; Airlift reactor; Pentachlorophenol; Soils. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-27912009000300001 |
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| de Souza Romero,Nilton Carlos; Iwamoto Haga,Kuniko; Orioli Júnior,Valdeci; Duarte Cardoso,Eliana. |
| Um fator importante na produção das culturas é a disponibilização do nutriente na época certa para que os efeitos no crescimento e desenvolvimento alcancem os melhores resultados. No presente trabalho, foram testadas as épocas de realização da adubação nitrogenada (120 kg ha-1), aplicada em cobertura aos 20 (T20), 25 (T25), 30 (T30), 35 (T35) e 40 (T40) dias após a emergência em oito cultivares de ervilha {Pisum sativum L) (María, Kodama, Mikado, Flávia, Luiza, Amelia, Dileta e Marina), objetivando avaliar seu efeito na produção de grãos e qualidade fisiológica das sementes em condições de cerrado. Após a colheita, as sementes foram submetidas ao teste de qualidade fisiológica (testes de germinação, condutividade elétrica e emergência em campo). A análise... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Pisum sativum L; Nitrogênio; Épocas de aplicação; Qualidade de sementes. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-27912008000300001 |
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| Rumpel,Cornelia. |
| The influence of 31 years of stubble burning on the carbon storage as well of chemical composition of soil organic matter (SOM) was studied in agricultural soil of a long-term field experiment. Additionally, the potential of black carbon (BC) produced by burning of harvesting residues, to be lost by horizontal as well as vertical transport was quantified during a rainfall simulation experiment. Our results show that 31 years of stubbie burning as a regular agricultural practice did not change carbon storage or the chemical composition of SOM. This is most likely due to a small quantitative input of highly stable aromatic carbon into the soil. A significant portion of BC deposited on the soil surface by the fire may have been exported from the site as shown... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Black carbon; Stubble burning; Soil organic C. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-27912008000200006 |
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| Cariello,María Ester; Castañeda,Liliana; Riobo,Inés; González,Jimena. |
| El objetivo de este estudio fue acelerar el proceso de compostaje de residuos sólidos urbanos, se inocularon pilas de material con una mezcla de microorganismos endógenos. Las bacterias se identificaron como Bacillus subtillis y Pseudomonas flúorescens y un hongo, Aspergillus fumigatus. Se preparó un inoculo con una concentración de 1x10(7) UFC/ml para cada microorganismo y se aplicó por aspersión, 2 L m-3 Se evaluaron los siguientes parámetros: aspecto físico, temperatura, humedad, pH, relación C:N, materia orgánica, conductividad eléctrica y capacidad de intercambio catiónico. Los resultados mostraron que las pilas inoculadas alcanzaron las características de estabilidad y madurez, cuatro semanas antes de la pila control sin inoculación. Estos resultados... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Inoculos polimicrobianos; Bacterias aeróbicas; Bacterias sinérgicas; Proceso de compostaje. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-27912007000300003 |
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| Alvear Z,Marysol; Pino B,Mario; Castillo R,Carlos; Trasar - Cepeda,Carmen; Gil - Sotres,Fernando. |
| Dada la necesidad de estabilizar y proteger los suelos, de los procesos de degradación, han surgido prácticas agronómicas conservacionistas, entre ellas, la cero labranza (CL). La medición de la biomasa microbiana (BM), junto a la determinación de algunas actividades enzimáticas en el suelo, fueron evaluadas ya que, son muy sensibles a los cambios producidos en el entorno. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar algunas actividades biológicas en un Alfisol del sur de Chile sometido a un manejo de CL. Las actividades evaluadas fueron carbono (C) y nitrógeno (N) de la biomasa microbiana (CBM y NBM, respectivamente), mineralización del N, actividades dehidrogenasa y catalasa y algunas actividades enzimáticas hidrolíticas representativas de los diferentes... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Cero labranza; Actividades enzimáticas; Biomasa microbiana; Mineralización de N. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-27912006000200004 |
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| Fuentes,Bárbara; Bolan,Nanthi; Naidu,Ravi; Mora,María de la Luz. |
| Increases in the generation of organic wastes, in addition to decreases in natural resources, make it necessary to recycle these waste materials. In soils, the application of wastes as organic fertilizers, allows to reincorporate nutrients to the biogeochemical cycles. The application of wastes in agriculture has carried out with it problems associated with phosphorus (P) overapplication in soils and contamination of water bodies. Phosphorus inside the waste matrix forms organic and inorganic compounds which have different bioavailabilities. The more important factors that influence the bioavailability of P in soils, organic wastes and soil-organic waste amendments are: the soil solution pH, adsorption reactions, organic matter, phosphatase activity and... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Phosphorus; Bioavailability; Compost; Manure. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-27912006000200006 |
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| Registros recuperados: 115 | |
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