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Registros recuperados: 78
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The role of agriculture in development implications for Sub-Saharan Africa AgEcon
Diao, Xinshen; Hazell, Peter B.R.; Resnick, Danielle; Thurlow, James.
This paper provides a nuanced perspective on debates about the potential for Africa’s smallholder agriculture to stimulate growth and alleviate poverty in an increasingly integrated world. In particular, the paper synthesizes both the traditional theoretical literature on agriculture’s role in the development process and discusses more recent literature that remains skeptical about agriculture’s development potential for Africa. In order to examine in greater detail the relevance for Africa of both the “old” and “new” literatures on agriculture, the paper provides a typology of African countries based on their stage of development, agricultural conditions, natural resources, and geographic location… More broadly, the paper demonstrates that conventional...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Growth-poverty linkages; Smallholders; Poverty alleviation; Agricultural development; Africa; Economic aspects; Agricultural sector; Ethiopia; Ghana; Rwanda; Uganda; Zambia; International Development.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55405
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Elixir or opiate? An assessment of minor irrigation policies in North Bengal AgEcon
Shah, Tushaar.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Agricultural development; Farmer managed irrigation systems; Social aspects; Organizations; Farmers’ associations; Subsidies; Policy; Participatory management; Governmental interrelations; Small scale systems; Performance evaluation; Economic aspects; Deep tube wells; Shallow tube wells; Lift irrigation; Rural development; Poverty alleviation; Pumps; Technology transfer; Cooperatives; Mechanization; Institutions; Leadership; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92706
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Agricultural Sustainability and the Introduction of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) AgEcon
Tisdell, Clement A..
In order to cater for the predicted growth in global population and aspirations for increased living standards, the world needs to increase substantially its level of agricultural production and sustain agriculture’s increased productivity. New technologies may enable this to occur but they also bring with them increased sustainability problems. There are many complex dimensions to achieving agricultural sustainability such as deciding on what agricultural attributes are worth sustaining and considering what trade-offs in objectives are required. These issues are discussed from a conceptual point of view. It is also shown using economic theory that market-based agriculture limits the opportunity for individual farmers to adopt sustainable agricultural...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Agricultural sustainability; Biodiversity; Co-evolution; Economic sustainability; Genetically modified organisms; GMOs; Monopolisation; Patents; Social sustainability.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q000; Q010; Q200; Q300; Q500; Q570.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55335
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Halving Hunger: Meeting the First Millennium Development Goal through "Business as Unusual" AgEcon
Fan, Shenggen.
In 2000, the world’s leaders set a target of halving the percentage of hungry people between 1990 and 2015. This rather modest target constitutes part of the first Millennium Development Goal, which also calls for halving the proportion of people living in poverty and achieving full employment. However, the effort to meet the hunger target has swerved off track, and the world is getting farther and farther away from realizing this objective. The goal of halving hunger by 2015 can still be achieved, but business as usual will not be enough. What is needed is “business as unusual”—a smarter, more innovative, better focused, and cost-effective approach to reducing hunger.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Developing countries; Developing countries; Economic policy; Hunger; Developing countries; Millennium Development Goals (MDG); Policies; Poverty; Developing countries; Rural development; Developing countries; Social protection; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92808
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Intersectoral management of river basins; Proceedings of an International Workshop on "Integrated Water Management in Water-Stressed River Basins in Developing Countries: Strategies for Poverty Alleviation and Agricultural Growth," Loskop Dam, South Africa, 16-21 October 2000 AgEcon
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Water management; River basins; Watercourses; Poverty; Agricultural development; Developing countries; Water policy; Water use efficiency; Political aspects; Water allocation; User charges; Privatization; Water users' associations; Water scarcity; Investment; Financing; Institutional constraints; Water law; Gender; Social aspects; Conflict; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118386
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Structural Change and Agricultural Protection: Costs of Korean Agricultural Policy, 1975 and 1990 AgEcon
Diao, Xinshen; Dyck, John H.; Skully, David W.; Somwaru, Agapi; Lee, Chinkook.
The economic development of South Korea is often considered a model for developing countries. We use 1975 and 1990 data in a general equilibrium framework with a highly disaggregated sector specification to evaluate the opportunity cost of its agricultural protection. We show that although agriculture's share of the gross domestic product (GDP) declined between 1975 and 1990, the cost of agricultural protection, as measured by the loss in GDP, did not fall. The larger gap between domestic and world prices for the protected sectors exacerbated the distortions in resource allocation. Simulated removal of 1990 agricultural border protection reduced the share of agricultural GDP to the level actually observed in 1996, demonstrating how protection can impede...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: South Korea; Food policy; Agricultural development; Computable general equilibrium; Protectionism; Trade liberalization; Rural development; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33921
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Effects of Trade Liberalization on Agriculture in Vietnam: Institutional and Structural Aspects AgEcon
Que, Nguyen Trung.
This book analyzes institutional and structural aspects of the effects of trade liberalization on agriculture in Vietnam. The study stresses the analysis of trade-related policies, commercial expansion of agriculture, performance in international trade. It discusses such commodities as rice, coffee, rubber, tea, cashew nut and groundnut. This book gives readers a general view of trade liberalization in Vietnam.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Trade; Agricultural products; Production; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32676
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Pathways of development in the hillsides of Honduras AgEcon
Pender, John L.; Scherr, Sara J.; Duron, Guadalupe.
"May 1999." Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-46). Published, in 2000, under same title, in D.R. Lee and C.B. Barrett, eds., Tradeoffs or Synergies? Agricultural Intensification, Economic Development and the Environment.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Natural resources; Poverty; Technical assistance; Agricultural development; Honduras; Land management; International Development.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97465
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Migration of Husbands, Remittances and Agricultural Production: Impacts when Wives Head Households in Rural Kenya AgEcon
Kiriti, Tabitha; Tisdell, Clement A..
This paper uses data collected from migrant's wives in the Nyeri district of Kenya. The main objective is to determine whether migration and remittances contribute to the development of agriculture. Our results suggest that most migrants are pushed out of rural areas, belong to the group of low-paid workers in urban areas, send little and irregular remittances to their wives back in rural areas and that these remittances are mainly used for consumption purposes and do not contribute to any significant development in agriculture. Our results also indicate that altruism or social obligation might be the main reason for migrants sending remittances to their rural wives.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Migration; Remittances; Female-headed households; Rural investment; Agricultural development; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100211
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Rural Growth Linkages in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa AgEcon
Ngqangweni, Simphiwe.
This report addresses the impact of rising smallholder incomes on local nonagricultural development in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. It determines how increased rural incomes are spent on a mix of goods and services, and debates the implications of these spending patterns for growth in rural areas through the alleviation of demand constraints. These results make it possible to identify areas of intervention necessary for sustaining growth originating from stimulus to tradable agriculture from economic reforms. This report thus contributes to an emerging literature on the possible impact of promoting smallholder agriculture in South Africa on rural livelihoods.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Income; Agricultural development; Southern Africa; Consumer behavior; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97391
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Adoption and Impacts of Zero-Tillage in the Rice-Wheat Zone of Irrigated Haryana, India AgEcon
Erenstein, Olaf; Malik, R.K.; Singh, Sher.
This study documents the adoption and impacts of zero-tillage (ZT) wheat in the rice-wheat systems of India’s Haryana State primarily drawing on a detailed empirical survey of 400 rice-wheat farmers. Our random stratified sample revealed 34.5% to be ZT wheat adopters and a quarter of the wheat area in the surveyed communities to be under ZT. The study suggests the potential for further diffusion but also flags the issue of disadoption (10%). ZT adopters, non-adopters, and disadopters differ significantly in terms of their resource bases, with adopters typically showing the most favorable values. ZT drastically reduces tractor operations in farmers’ ZT wheat fields from an average of 8 passes to a single pass, implying a saving of 6 tractor hours and 36...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Wheat; Rice; Agricultural development; Innovation adoption; Drilling equipment; Farming systems; Zero tillage; Production costs; Credit; Income; India; Crop Production/Industries; E16; F08.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56092
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Policies to Promote Cereal Intensification in Ethiopia: A Review of Evidence and Experience AgEcon
Byerlee, Derek R.; Spielman, David J.; Alemu, Dawit; Gautam, Madhur.
Despite more than a decade of policies placing high priority on cereal intensification, backed by one of the highest rates of public expenditures on agricultural in Africa, Ethiopia has yet to see payoffs in terms of higher and more stable cereal yields, reduced dependency on food aid, improved food security, and lower consumer prices for staples. There is understandable concern about the performance, efficiency and sustainability of the agricultural sector, specifically in terms of the current systems for providing extension services, improved seed, fertilizer, and credit. This paper aims to illuminate possible solutions available to improving the prospects for cereal intensification in Ethiopia. The paper traces the largely state-led policies that have...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Agricultural extension; Fertilizer; Seed markets; Ethiopia; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42406
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Marketing underutilized plant species for the benefit of the poor: a conceptual framework AgEcon
Gruere, Guillaume P.; Giuliani, Alessandra; Smale, Melinda.
Modern crop production is based on only a few plant species. Particularly in marginal environments of developing agricultural economies, many less well-known agricultural or non-timber forest species, continue to be grown, managed or collected, thus contributing to the livelihood of the poor and to agricultural biodiversity. Some of these species, called underutilized plant species, are characterized by the fact that they are locally in developing countries but globally rare, that scientific information and knowledge about them is scant, and that their current use is limited relative to their economic potential. In this paper, we first identify the economic factors that cause these plants to be ‘underutilized’. Based on this analysis, we propose a...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Underutilized species; Agricultural biodiversity; Agricultural marketing; Agricultural development; Niche markets; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55418
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BRAZIL: THE FUTURE OF MODERN AGRICULTURE? AgEcon
Matthey, Holger; Fabiosa, Jacinto F.; Fuller, Frank H..
In an attempt to understand better Brazil'’s future role in agricultural markets, the authors of this report traveled to Brazil on a fact-finding mission in September 2003. The goal was to get a first-hand impression of Brazil’'s agricultural sector and especially its future potential. In this report we provide a general description of crop and livestock production, government policies, public and private cooperation, and transportation and biotechnology issues. The most striking observations made during our time in Brazil was the universal sense of optimism expressed by producers, government officials, agronomists, and market analysts about the future growth of Brazilian agricultural production. Does that mean Brazil, as one person suggested, is the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Agricultural policy; Biotechnology; Infrastructure; Brazil; Production; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18705
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PRIME-AGE ADULT MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN RURAL RWANDA: WHICH HOUSEHOLDS ARE AFFECTED AND WHAT ARE THEIR STRATEGIES FOR ADJUSTMENT? AgEcon
Donovan, Cynthia; Bailey, Linda; Mpyisi, Edson; Weber, Michael T..
In Rwanda for the past decade, rural households have lived with civil unrest and genocide, changing land laws, large population flows both into and out of the country, and climatic threats with droughts and floods. The illness and untimely death of prime age adults from a number of health problems (increasingly HIV/AIDS) adds to the stress of these households and has lasting effects on the ability of households to survive. In this research, the authors use household and member level survey data to increase understanding about what is happening in households with such shocks and how they may be different from other Rwandan rural households. This research finds that households affected by adult illness and death strive to maintain their agricultural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Adult morbidity; Adult mortality; HIV/AIDS; Agricultural development; Rwanda; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25847
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International agricultural research for food security, poverty reduction, and the environment: What to expect from scaling up CGIAR investments and “Best Bet” programs. AgEcon
von Braun, Joachim; Fan, Shenggen; Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela; Rosegrant, Mark W.; Nin Pratt, Alejandro.
Tipo: Book Palavras-chave: Developing countries; CGIAR; Food prices; Poverty reduction; Hunger; Agricultural research food security; Environment Agricultural innovation; Agricultural development; Climate change; Agricultural biodiversity; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46016
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Economic Growth and Transition in Vietnam and China and its Consequences for their Agricultural Sectors: Policy and Agricultural Adjustment Issues AgEcon
Tisdell, Clement A..
Secondary data are used to discuss and compare the consequences for agriculture of economic growth and transition in Vietnam and China. It is found that China and Vietnam have experienced similar adjustments in their agricultural sectors and face at this time, similar agricultural policy problems. China began its economic reforms in 1979 and Vietnam followed in 1986. Since then both countries have experienced rapid economic growth, falling poverty rates and significant rises in per capita income. At the same time, substantial restructuring of their economies has occurred, a feature of which has been a decline in the relative contribution of agriculture to total employment and output. These changes are outlined. Significant changes have also occurred within...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Asia; China; Economic transition; Farm employment; Land reforms; Land rights; Livestock; Non-farm employment; Structural change.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; O25; O5; P32; Q1.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94305
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Developing effective institutions for water resources management: A case study in the Deduru Oya Basin, Sri Lanka AgEcon
Somaratne, Pallewatte G.; Jinapala, Kiribandage; Perera, L.R.; Ariyaratne, Badugodahewa Ranjith; Bandaragoda, Don Jayatissa; Makin, I.W..
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: River basins; Water resource management; Water lifting; Wells; Domestic water; Population; Economic aspects; Income; Irrigation programs; Institutions; Policy; Groundwater; Agricultural development; Fish farming; Pumps; Ecology; Water supply; Drought; Poverty; Land use; Water scarcity; Natural resources; Agricultural production; Cropping systems; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Production Economics; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92665
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Etude Critique de la Recherche sur la Developpement Agricole en Afrique Subsaharienne AgEcon
Eicher, Carl K.; Baker, Doyle Curtis.
This survey focuses on the rural economy which is broadly defined to include the agricultural sector plus rural nonfarm activities such as small-scale industry, trade, processing, and fishing. It reviews research on migration, employment, and income distribution in order to understand linkages between the agricultural and nonagricultural sectors.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Agricultural development; International Development; Downloads December 2008 - June 2009: 7.
Ano: 1982 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54070
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Convergence Hypothesis: Some Dynamics and Explanations of Agricultural Growth across Indian States AgEcon
Somasekharan, Jayasekhar; Prasad, Syam; Roy, V.P. Nirmal.
In the recent years there has been considerable emphasis on understanding the regional dimensions of economic growth in India within the convergence implications of neoclassical growth paradigm. The study has tested the convergence hypothesis in per capita agricultural output and foodgrains productivity across the major 15 states of India. During 1971-2007, Indian states have exhibited sigma divergence in per capita agricultural output. The study on relationship between initial foodgrain output and growth rates has shown a divergence pattern rather than convergence during 1971-1988, and we could observe a weak convergence during 1988-2007.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Beta convergence; Sigma convergence; Agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q1; Q10; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118228
Registros recuperados: 78
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