SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Perdomo, Jorge-Andres; Hueth, Darrell L..

Este estudio estimó la forma funcional de producción cafetera en Colombia mediante fronteras estocásticas (FEP). Con esto, se analizó la importancia de los principales insumos empleados en la producción de café (cantidad de hectáreas cultivadas, mano de obra utilizada, maquinaria requerida y cantidad de fertilizantes aplicados), que afectan la productividad. Igualmente, se determinó la existencia de economías a escala en productores pequeños, medianos, grandes y sector general cafetero; ubicados en Caldas, Quindío y Risaralda. Finalmente, fue evaluada la eficiencia técnica (ET) en la producción. Entre los principales resultados, se destaca que la función de producción cafetera tiene una forma funcional Translog minflex Laurent para pequeños, medianos,...

The Impact of Trade Costs on Firm Entry, Exporting, and Survival in Korea

Palavras-chave: Función de producción cafetera; Pequeños caficultores; Medianos caficultores; Grandes caficultores y sector general cafetero; Frontera estocástica de producción; Eficiencia técnica; Análisis de economías a escala.; Crop Production/Industries; Q12; D24; C01; C29.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100873

Kim, Sooil; Reimer, Jeffrey J.; Gopinath, Munisamy.

This study uses a unique firm-level dataset to examine how falling trade costs from 1993-2001 affected entry, exit, productivity, and exporting in the Korean manufacturing sector. We verify many of the predictions of recent heterogeneous-firm models of international trade. For example, falling trade costs reduced entry by new Korean firms, increased their probability of exit, and reduced the market share of surviving firms. We also find that small firms had a particularly high level of dynamism over the sample period. Small firms were more likely to enter and exit, and marginally more likely to gain market share, enter export markets for the first time, and improve their productivity.

MODELING HETEROGENEITY IN PRODUCTION MODELS: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM INDIVIDUAL FARMING IN POLAND

Palavras-chave: Employment; Exit; Exports; Firm deaths; Survival; Trade costs; Agribusiness; Industrial Organization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; F10; D24.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49185

Hockmann, Heinrich; Pieniadz, Agata; Goraj, Lech.

This discussion paper deals with the estimation of a random coefficient model. The virtue of this approach is that it considers firm heterogeneity, which conventional SFA models do not. Applying the model to Polish farms, the results indicate that the conventional random and fixed effect models overestimate the inefficiency score. In addition, the reasons for inefficiency are analyzed. It is shown that despite the fragmentation of Polish agriculture, there is no evidence for scale inefficiency. Moreover, inefficiency could partly be attributed to factors, which affect the management input and requirements on farms.

Could small dairy farms in Switzerland compete with their French counterparts? A metafrontier analysis during 1990-2004

Palavras-chave: SFA; Random component model; Poland; Management.; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q12; D24.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91733

Ferjani, Ali; Latruffe, Laure.

The objective of the paper is to investigate whether Swiss farms specialised in dairy (the prevailing production of the country), which are small in international standards, would have a survival potential if they had to compete more directly with EU farms. More specifically, we investigate whether Swiss dairy farms would be able to compete with their French counterparts (located in mountainous areas, but larger than Swiss ones) in a future made of increased globalisation and reduced borders. For this we evaluate which country, during the period 1990-2004, would have been more able to use efficiently a common hypothetical technology, and would have had a more productive (own) technology. Efficiency scores and technology ratios are calculated using the...

Economic Efficiency of Smallholder Irish Potato Producers in Kenya: A Case of Nyandarua North District

Palavras-chave: Technical efficiency; Technology gap; Data Envelopment Analysis; Dairy farming; Switzerland; France; Agricultural and Food Policy; Productivity Analysis; Q12; D24.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52828

Nyagaka, Daniel; Obare, Gideon A.; Nguyo, Wilson.

With declining Irish potato production trends in Kenya this paper identifies and analyses factors that influence the economic efficiency of smallholder Irish potato producers in Kenya by drawing on data from random sample of 130 smallholder farmers from Nyandarua North district. A dual stochastic parametric decomposition technique is used to disaggregate economic efficiency components and a two-limit Tobit model is used to derive efficiency indices as a function of a vector of socio-economic characteristics and institutional factors. Empirical results show decreasing returns to scale in production. The mean economic efficiency is 0.39 with a range of 0.12 - 0.66. Education, access to extension, access to credit and membership in a farmers association...

On Flexibility in the Polish Farming Sector

Palavras-chave: Efficiency; Productivity; Stochastic frontier functions; Kenya; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D12; D24; O33; Q16.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49917

Renner, Swetlana; Hockmann, Heinrich; Pieniadz, Agata; Glauben, Thomas.

This paper investigates the flexibility of the Polish farming sector during a transition period. Flexibility is considered to be a farm’s ability to change output by sustaining average costs. We argue that flexibility is a crucial factor in farmers’ competitive advantage, especially under dynamically changing environmental conditions. We propose a flexibility measure that accounts for both input and output flexibility. This measure is used to empirically investigate the magnitude and sources of flexibility in Polish family farming. We also identify the main factors that explain the proposed flexibility indices. The empirical findings reveal that Polish farms use different technologies regarding their input and output flexibility. While small and...

Productivity and Efficiency of Corporate and Individual Farms in Ukraine

Palavras-chave: Flexibility; Family Farm; Poland; Consumer/Household Economics; Production Economics; D24; Q12.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52841

Lerman, Zvi; Sedik, David J..

The paper presents a comparative analysis of the productivity of corporate and individual farms in Ukraine based primarily on cross-section data from a farm survey conducted by FAO in 2005. We calculate partial land and labor productivity, total factor productivity, and technical efficiency scores (using Stochastic Frontier Analysis) for farms of different organizational forms. Our results demonstrate with considerable confidence that, contrary to established convictions among the Ukrainian decision makers, the large corporate farms are not more productive than the smaller family farms. This finding is not restricted to Ukraine, as a similar result has been obtained by in Moldova, Russia, and the U.S. Policies encouraging a shift from large corporate farms...

Farm Level Nonparametric Analysis of Profit Maximization Behavior with Measurement Error

Palavras-chave: Family farms; Corporate farms; Comparative performance; Technical efficiency; Total factor productivity; Agrarian reforms; Transition countries; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; D24; J24; P27; P31; P32; Q12; Q15; R14.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9985

Zereyesus, Yacob Abrehe; Featherstone, Allen M.; Langemeier, Michael R..

This paper tests the farm level profit maximization hypothesis using a nonparametric production analysis approach allowing for measurement error in the input and output variables. All farms violated Varian’s deterministic Weak Axiom of Profit Maximization (WAPM). The magnitude of minimum critical standard errors required for consistency with profit maximization, convex technology production was smaller after allowing technological change during the sample period. Results indicate strong support for the presence of technological change during the sample period.

Romanian Maize - Distorted Prices and Producer Efficiency

Palavras-chave: Nonparametric analysis; Profit maximization; Measurement error; Technological change; Production Economics; D24.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46829

Sauer, Johannes; Balint, Borbala.

This study tackles the decomposition of efficiency with respect to agricultural production in transition economies by using a case study on small scale maize farmers in Romania. The underlying modelling assumption is that farmers in transition countries still face heavily distorted price systems. To capture such distortions a stochastic shadow cost frontier model is formulated to investigate the systematic input specific allocative inefficiency. We further adjust the underlying cost frontier by incorporating shadow price corrections and subsequently reveal evidence on farm specific technical inefficiency. Different models are estimated due to the imposition of curvature correctness. The empirical results confirm the underlying hypothesis of enduring...

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY ANALYSIS OF EUROPEAN UNION AND EASTERN REGIONS

Palavras-chave: Efficiency; Shadow cost frontier; Transitional agriculture; Functional consistency; Demand and Price Analysis; C40; D24; O33.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21410

Serrao, Amilcar.

This research work uses stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) to examine the sources of agricultural productivity growth over time and of productivity differences among countries and regions in European Union over the period 1980-1998. A comparison of the mean productivity scores obtained by the two approaches show that DEA results are higher than in SFA results, because DEA fits a tighter (more flexible) frontier than the translog frontier. This study is a valuable warning for people to be carefully about the effects of the methodology choice upon their results and to use more than one approach if they suspect that it may have some influence.

What Determines Productivity Growth of Agricultural Cooperatives?

Palavras-chave: Data Envelopment Analysis; Stochastic Frontier Analysis; Technical Efficiency Change; Technical Change; Total Factor Productivity Change; European Union.; Productivity Analysis; Q12; D24.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22167

Ariyaratne, Chatura B.; Featherstone, Allen M.; Langemeier, Michael R..

This paper examines productivity of a sample of grain marketing and farm supply cooperatives from 1990 to 1998. The cooperative industry’s productivity or growth was mainly due to improvement in technology rather than improvement in pure efficiency or scale. The cooperative industry’s productivity was primarily associated with the grain, fertilizer, and agrochemical product lines. Policies that raise fertilizer prices would encourage a cooperative to be technically more productive. In general, policies that raise prices of grain, fertilizer, and agrochemicals would encourage a cooperative to be more productive overall.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Cooperatives; Input bias; Output bias; Productivity; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; D24; Q13.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43748

A Multi-Period Analysis of Two Common Livestock Management Strategies Given Fluctuating Precipitation and Variable Prices

Ritten, John P.; Frasier, W. Marshall; Bastian, Christopher T.; Paisley, Steven I.; Smith, Michael A.; Mooney, Sian.

Many areas of the US recently endured a severe drought and management strategies to cope with the lack of forage production varied. A multi-period mathematical model is presented that estimates the outcomes of two common producer responses to changes in precipitation, partial liquidation and purchasing hay, given fluctuating cattle prices over a long term planning horizon. Results were further summarized with regression analysis and selected elasticities were calculated to reflect the sensitivity of outcomes to variability in precipitation and livestock prices. Although little impact was seen from utilizing additional hay as a strategy during drought, producers who follow this strategy are in a position to market more animals immediately post drought in...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Drought management; Mathematical programming; Herd liquidation; Price cycle; Cattle management; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q12; C61; D24.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90673

Productivity Change in Polish Agriculture: An Application of a Bootstrap Procedure to Malmquist Indices

Balcombe, Kelvin George; Davidova, Sophia; Latruffe, Laure.

This paper employs bootstrapping to correct for bias and to construct confidence intervals for Malmquist TFP indices derived with DEA. It uses these results to investigate the productivity change in Polish agriculture during a crucial period of the country's transition to a market economy, 1996-2000, when Poland was preparing for accession to the European Union. The bias corrected estimates show regress in productivity at an annual rate of 4 percent. The confidence intervals suggest that between two-thirds and four-fifths of the sample farms (250) in different years might have experienced no change in productivity. The cluster analysis based on confidence bounds reveals three paths of productivity change. Farms which recorded an increase in productivity at...

STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS OF NEW ZEALAND'S MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES: SOME EMPIRICAL RESULTS

Palavras-chave: Malmquist indices; Bootstrapping; Poland; Farms; Productivity change; Productivity Analysis; D24; Q12; C6.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24572

Gounder, Rukmani; Xayavong, Vilaphonh.

This paper examines the sources of total factor productivity growth (TFP) in New Zealand's manufacturing industries over the period 1978-98 and over various sub-periods. Examination of the data adopts two stages using a stochastic frontier approach. The first stage involves the specification and estimation of the stochastic frontier production function and the prediction of technical efficiency effects. The second stage involves the specification of a regression model for the predicted technical efficiency effects. The sources of TFP growth have been decomposed into four components; i.e. technical progress, changes in technical efficiency, scale effects, and change in allocative efficiency. The empirical results show that productivity has been largely due...

Farm performance and support in Central and Western Europe: a comparison of Hungary and France

Palavras-chave: New Zealand Manufacturing Sector; Total Productivity Growth; Technical Progress; Technical Efficiency; Scale Components; Allocative Efficiency; Industrial Organization; D24; C23; O47.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23714

Fogarasi, Jozsef; Latruffe, Laure.

The paper investigates the difference in technical efficiency and in productivity change, and the technology gaps, between French and Hungarian farms in the dairy and cereal, oilseeds and proteinseeds (COP) sectors during the period 2001-2004. The analyses are performed with national FADN data and the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach under each country’s respective frontier and under a metafrontier. Results revealed that in both the dairy and the COP sectors, Hungarian farms’ technology was the more productive, despite a technological deterioration. This suggests technological advantages for large-scale (Hungarian) over small-scale (French) farming in these two sectors. These findings may also be explained by the higher policy support in France....

DISTORTED PRICES AND PRODUCER EFFICIENCY - ROMANIAN MAIZE

Palavras-chave: Technology gap; Technical efficiency; Malmquist indices; Subsidies; Farms; Production Economics; P51; D24; Q12.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51053

Balint, Borbala; Sauer, Johannes.

This research aims at shedding empirical light on the relative efficiency of small-scale maize producers in Romania. Farmers in transition countries still face heavily distorted price systems resulting from imperfect market conditions and socioeconomic and institutional constraints. To capture such distortions we formulate a stochastic shadow-cost frontier model to investigate the systematic input-specific allocative inefficiency. We further adjust the underlying cost frontier by incorporating shadow price corrections and subsequently reveal evidence on farm specific technical inefficiency. Different models are estimated due to the imposition of curvature correctness and the effects on the individual efficiency estimates are shown. The empirical results...

Effects of Seed and Farm Characteristics on Cottonseed Choice: A Choice-Based Conjoint Experiment in the Mississippi Delta

Palavras-chave: Efficiency; Shadow Cost Frontier; Functional Consistency; Maize; Romania; Crop Production/Industries; C40; D24; O33.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14958

Banerjee, Swagata (Ban); Hudson, Darren; Martin, Steven W..

Producers’ preferences for cottonseed with respect to price, seed type, yield, and fiber quality are examined by a willingness-to-pay approach via mail surveys. Results indicate a positive willingness to pay (WTP) for technology relative to conventional cottonseed, and WTP increases with the level of technology. Yield and quality also show a positive WTP. Larger farms have a higher WTP for technology, and farms with more farm labor have a lower WTP for technology. These results suggest economies of size in technology adoption (biotechnology is not size-neutral) and that labor and biotechnology are direct substitutes.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Conjoint analysis; Conjoint (choice) experiment; Cotton; Farm labor; Farm size; Fiber quality; Willingness to pay (WTP); D24; Q12; Q16.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37054

Explaining differences in farms efficiencies in Polish agriculture

Hockmann, Heinrich; Pieniadz, Agata.

This paper deals with the estimation of a random coefficient model. The virtue of this approach is that it considers firm heterogeneity, which conventional SFA models do not. When the model is applied to Polish farms, the results indicate that the conventional random and fixed effect models overestimate the potential production increases due to the reduction of inefficiency. Additionally, our findings provide evidence of the importance of input quality for efficiency analysis. Moreover, the results indicate that farm heterogeneity is a significant determinant of agricultural production. We found that differences in productivity between the farms can partly be attributed to farm size, degree of integration in the product markets and incurred transaction...

PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY OF SMALL AND LARGE FARMS IN MOLDOVA

Palavras-chave: SFA; Random component model; Poland; Agriculture; Firm heterogeneity; Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q12; C23; D24; L23.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51051

Lerman, Zvi; Sutton, William R..

The paper presents a comparative analysis of the productivity of small and large farms in Moldova based primarily on cross-section data from three farm surveys conducted by the World Bank and USAID in 2000 and 2003. The survey data are supplemented where feasible with time series from official national-level statistics. We calculate partial land and labor productivity, total factor productivity, and technical efficiency scores (using Stochastic Frontier and Data Envelopment Analysis algorithms) for the two categories of small individual farms and large corporate farms. Our results demonstrate with considerable confidence that small individual farms in Moldova are more productive and more efficient than large corporate farms. This finding is not restricted...

Trade Policy, Trade Volumes and Plant-Level Productivity in Colombian Manufacturing Industries

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7133

Fernandes, Ana.

This paper offers new insights on a central question in trade and development economics: does increased exposure to foreign competition generate gains in plant productivity? We find that it does. We examine Colombian trade policy from 1977 to 1991, a period during which trade liberalization alternates with increased trade protection in varied ways across industries, to investigate the link between trade policy and plant productivity. Using a rich panel of manufacturing plants, we obtain production function estimates separately across industries that are consistent in face of the simultaneity between input demands and productivity. These estimates are used to derive plant-level time-varying productivity measures for which a systematic component related to...