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| Registros recuperados: 241 | |
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| Wouter Maes; Wouter M. J. Achten; Bart Muys. |
| In their recent article, Gerbens-Leenes et al. (1) calculated the water footprint (WF, the amount of water required to produce 1 GJ of energy) of several bioenergy crops. One of the most remarkable findings of this study was the very high water footprint of this species, which has serious management consequences. 

However, these results are in apparent contrast with recent findings on this species. We present evidence that several errors were made by the authors when calculating the water footprint of jatropha, which has lead to a dramatic overestimation. These errors include weaknesses concerning the data used for the calculation of the water footprint, as well as flaws in the calculation method, as we demonstrate in the... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Earth & Environment; Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3410/version/1 |
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| Marcia A. Melo; Ederson A. Kido; Paulo P. Andrade. |
| Brazil is presently (2010) the second largest producer of Genetically Modified (GM) crops. The legal framework to support both research activities and the commercial release of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) is, however, very recent, as the Biosafety Law dates back from 2005. After the indispensable risk analysis, done by National Technical Committee for Biosafety (CTNBio), a GM plant can be approved for commercial release. Nevertheless, as stated in the Normative Resolution nr. 5 (NR-5), 2008, the post-market monitoring is mandatory. However, the first GM crop in Brazil, the herbicide tolerant soybean, was harvested in 2005. The CTNBio asked, then, for a monitoring plan and the applicant designed a complex study focused on case-specific monitoring.... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4528/version/1 |
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| Juan Pablo Martinez-Soriano; Katia Avina-Padilla. |
| Maize is the essential crop of the Americas. Maize appeared suddenly about 8,500 years ago as domesticated teosinte; however, there is no evidence (genetical, archaeological, linguistic or ethnobotanical) able to support a gradual transformation from the teosinte ear into the corn ear. Teosinte has never been cultivated by Americans, nor did they ever attempt to domesticate it. Its grains were not used as food, making unrealistic the assumption that prehispanics created something edible from seeds that were not so. Plant domestication is a slow process in almost every known crop but maize evolution might not be the case. Teosinte has a brittle cob, whereas maize forms solid ones that do not release their seeds 2. The latter are soft, while in teosinte they... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3240/version/1 |
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| T. M. Manila; A. Riju; K. Lakshmi Priya Darshini; A. Chandrasekar; S. J. Eapen. |
| A total of 33,311 Expressed Sequence Tags (EST) of paprika were mined from the GenBank EST database. The redundancy of the EST sequences was removed using CAP3 and it resulted 4,541 contigs 8,539 singletons as nonredundant data sets. The microRNAs were predicted using the program miRNAfinder. This program predicted a total of 85 miRNAs miRNAs. Another study was carried out to find the homologes miRNA using blast based tool named “miRseeK’ A total of 13 miRNAs with significant similarity with the plant miRNAs were obtained from paprika ESTs. The targets of the predicted miRNAs were found using the program miRU2. Findings suggest that most miRNAs play an important role in plant development, signal transduction, protein degradation and... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3737/version/1 |
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| Isaak Y. Tecle; Naama Menda; Robert Buels; Lukas Mueller. |
| Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis is used to dissect the genetic basis underlying polygenic traits. Several public databases have been storing and making QTL data available to research communities. To our knowledge, current QTL databases rely on manual curation where curators read literature and extract relevant QTL information to store in databases. Evidently, this approach is expensive in terms of expert manpower and time use and limits the type of data that can be curated. At the Solanaceae Genomics Network (SGN) ("http://sgn.cornell.edu":http://sgn.cornell.edu), we have developed a database to store raw phenotype and genotype data from QTL studies, perform, on the fly, QTL analysis using R/QTL statistical software... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3160/version/1 |
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| Colin Averill; Adrien C. Finzi. |
| Soil extracellular enzymes regulate the rate at which complex organic forms of nitrogen (N) become bio-available. Much research has focused on the limitations to heterotrophic enzyme production via lab incubations, but little has been done to understand the limitations to enzyme production in situ. We created root and symbiotic mycelia exclusion treatments using mesh in-growth bags in the field to isolate the effect of roots and other portions of the microbial community on enzyme production. When fertilized with complex protein N we found increases in N-degrading enzyme concentrations only when root in-growth was allowed. No response was observed when complex N was added to root-free treatments. Expanding on economic rules of microbial element limitation... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth & Environment; Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6353/version/1 |
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| Alan M. Dewar. |
| As soon as humans adopted agriculture as the principle means of feeding themselves, they have had an effect on the environment, and by implication, also on biodiversity. It is not possible to grow crops in an intensive manner without doing so, but it is necessary to do so to feed the population. In this respect, the use of herbicides or other weed control practices (e.g. hand-hoeing) inevitably will have an effect on biodiversity, whether those methods are used in conventional, organic or genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) crops. 

Recent literature from the UK following the Farm Scale Evaluations (FSE) of the environmental impact of GMHT oilseed rape, maize and sugar beet suggests that the recommended weed... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Earth & Environment; Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4462/version/1 |
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| Jason A. Hubbart. |
| More than half of the world’s population now lives in urbanized ecosystems. Continued human population growth over the next several decades will place unprecedented demand on urban water resources, resulting in escalating water quality and supply challenges. Urbanization exacts significant impacts on stream ecosystems including increased magnitude and frequency of peak flows, altered microclimates and reduced biodiversity. Increased impervious surface area in urban settings reduces or eliminates soil infiltration and increases the amount of stormwater runoff delivered to stream channels. Stormwater routing networks in urban areas channelize runoff, reducing stormwater transit time. Stormwater flow serves as an important transport mechanism for... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth & Environment; Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3603/version/1 |
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| Yusong Cao; Huiming Wang. |
| Biological invasion has become a serious global environmental problems and been considered as an important component of global change^1-2^. Invasions by alien species can have an impact at several levels of ecological complexity from genes to ecosystems^3-4^. Invasive alien species had seriously threated the biodiversity and natural ecosystems in China^5^, and caused economic losses by more than US$7 billion every year^6^. Alternanthera philoxeroides, commonly known as Alligator weed, is an invasive amphibious plant^7^. The effect of physical methods such as mechanical or artificial salvage, removal of A. philoxeroides were very limited. Moreover, these measure should be carried out very carefully or would easy lead to its rebound^8^. The mainly biological... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5267/version/1 |
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| Zheng Sixiang; Wu Hongzhi; Zhao Yan; Liu Feihu. |
| Oriental hybrid lily is of great commercial value, but it is susceptible to Fusarium disease that causes a significant loss to the production. A diploid Oriental hybrid resistant to Fusarium, Cai-74, was diploidized from triploid obtained from the offspring of tetraploid (from ‘Star Fighter’) and diploid (‘Con Amore’, ‘Acapulco’) by screening the hybrids of different cross combinations following inoculating Fusarium oxysporum to the tissue cultured plantlets in a greenhouse. By analyzing saponins content in bulbs of a number of lily genotypes with a known Fusarium resistance, it was found that the mutant Cai-74 had a much higher content of saponin than its parents. Highly resistant wild _L.... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4830/version/1 |
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| M. Iftikhar Hussain; Luis Gonzalez; Manuel Joaquin Reigosa. |
| The p-hydroxybenzoic acid (BA) is a widespread phenolic compound often cited as allelochemical [1], released into soil by root exudates of _Avena fatua_ [2], leaf leachates, and decomposed plant tissues of _Triticum aestivum_ L. [3]. Because of the herbicidal potential of BA on crops [4] and weed species [5], commercially available BA was tested on photosynthetic efficiency, yield and non-photochemical fluorescence quenching in _Lactuca sativa_ in a glass house study. The stock solution (3mM) of BA was made in Methanol: Water (20:80). Methanol was evaporated in a rotary vaporizer and stock solution was adjusted to concentration of 1.5 mM. Lettuce (_Lactuca sativa_ L. cv. Great Lakes California) seeds were grown in perlite culture in plastic pots, irrigated... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4573/version/1 |
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| Anja Hühnlein; Jörg Schubert; Thomas Thieme. |
| Genetically modified plants (GMPs) have to pass several safety evaluations before they can be approved but identification of undesired changes in metabolism is hard to achieve due to its complexity. Such unexpected changes could be reflected by changes in virus resistance and feeding behaviour of herbivores such as aphids. Altered behaviour can be determined by so- called life table statistics where e. g. the lifetime and the reproduction rate are analysed. Such experiments are time consuming and costly. The behaviour alterations should also be detectable by changes in virus uptake und transmission. Thus, quantitative detection methods are needed in order to measure the absolute virus content in plants and in aphids. _Potato leafroll virus_ (PLRV) and... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4473/version/1 |
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| C. Susannah Tysor; Amy Whipple; George Koch. |
| _Pinus edulis_ (piñon pine) is found across 35% of the Colorado Plateau and is a foundation species in the piñon-juniper woodlands of the Southwest. Piñon pine mortality in the recent drought has been high and climate change models forecast a warmer future for the region, which will increase piñon pine water stress. In order to predict the fate of piñon pine, we must understand how various climatic factors influence piñon growth. Tree rings provide a climate sensitive record of growth ideal for exploring the relationship between growth and climate. We used 78 piñon pine trees cored at Red Mountain in northern Arizona in 1998 to predict tree ring width and piñon pine mortality, using... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3613/version/1 |
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| Friederike Rex; Iris Fechter; Ludger Hausmann; Reinhard Töpfer. |
| Black Rot of grapevine is caused by the Ascomycet _Guignardia bidwellii_. The pathogen was introduced from North America to Europe in the 19th century. Since 2002, increased effects of the disease have been noticed, causing significant yield losses in the region of Mosel and infections in all German wine-growing regions. For that reason, it is important to breed Black Rot-resistant grapevine cultivars. A method has been developed to characterize lots of vines in a fast and reliable way concerning their susceptibility. Initial data has been collected and can be used for genetic analysis (here QTL). The aim of the project is to develop a molecular marker correlating with Black Rot resistance which can be used to select juvenile plants and therefore support... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5743/version/1 |
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| Yasuo Yamauchi; Yukihiro Kimura; Seiji Akimoto; Yoko Marutani; Masaharu Mizutani; Yukihiro Sugimoto. |
| Plants are often exposed to temperatures of around 40^o^C. These temperatures can cause serious damage to photosystems, yet plants can survive with minimum damage. Here, we show that plants switch photosystem to protect photosystem II (PSII) at 40^o^C. Using wheat and Arabidopsis seedlings, we investigated the mechanisms of heat-derived damage in the dark and avoidance of damage in the light. Heat treatment at 40^o^C in the dark caused serious damage to PSII: the maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and oxygen evolution rapidly decreased. The damage was due to the degradation of the D1 protein (shown by immuno-chemical analysis) and the disturbance of energy transfer in PSII core chlorophyll-binding proteins CP43 and CP47 (shown by time-resolved... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6168/version/1 |
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| Kaushal Kumar Bhati; R. Prasad; Rajesh Singh. |
| The use of chemicals against pathogens is environmentally dangerous, so use of natural inhibitors for disease management is needed. In this work we screen botanical extracts from ayurvedic plants for their antifungal properties against economically important plant fungal pathogen. As a test fungal pathogen, we select E. turcicum, a potent fungal pathogen responsible for Northern leaf corn blight of Maize. This fungal pathogen was challenged by the leaf extract prepared from certain Ayurvedic plants and these observations have shown a promising future in biocontrol of fungus by using such environmentally friendly
antifungal agents. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Pharmacology; Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6199/version/1 |
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| Rebecca Ostertag. |
| Nutrients limit plant growth in many ecosystems, and many species develop adaptations to either obtain more nutrients or to avoid losses. Much past ecological work has focused either on temperate nitrogen-limited systems or has addressed infertile soils as a single entity, rather than addressing the nature of the limitation. Although low nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) soils are found worldwide, the consequences of N and P limitation for plants may vary due to fundamental differences in the soil mobility, availability, uptake, and cellular uses of N and P. Using a well-studied chronosequence in the Hawaiian Islands, which contains both low N and P soils but which is dominated by similar plant communities, foliar N and P plant responses to fertilization... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1993/version/1 |
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| Registros recuperados: 241 | |
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