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Registros recuperados: 113
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On the interaction between risk-taking and risk-sharing under farm household wealth heterogeneity 31
Delpierre, Matthieu; Verheyden, Bertrand; Weynants, Stephanie.
Empirical evidence on developing countries shows on the one hand that rich farm-households are more keen to adopt new technologies and are higher risk takers than poor households. On the other hand, however, they are shown to be less vulnerable to income shocks than poor farmers. This paper provides a rationale for these observations. Risk averse agents, heterogeneously endowed with wealth, non-cooperatively decide on their level of subscription to risk-sharing and on the degree of individual production risk they take. Rich households take more risks and subscribe more to risk-sharing. Although risk-sharing allows all households to cope with idiosyncratic shocks, the risk-taking behavior of rich households increases the covariate component of poor...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Risk-taking; Risk-sharing; Technology adoption; Farm household; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; O12; O13; O17; O33.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122556
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Adopción de prácticas de conservación de suelos, en la pequeña agricultura de Chile Central 31
Jara-Rojas, Roberto; Bravo-Ureta, Boris E.; Diaz Osorio, Jose.
Published by Asociación de Economistas Agrarios de Chile
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Technology adoption; Soil conservation; Poisson regression; Peasant farmers; Chile.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97379
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Factors Influencing the Adoption of Breeding Technologies in U.S. Hog Production 31
Gillespie, Jeffrey M.; Davis, Christopher G.; Rahelizatovo, Noro C..
An important aspect of structural change in the U.S. hog industry has been the adoption of breeding technology. The adoption of each of four breeding technologies, weekly farrowing, intensive breeding, terminal crossbreeding, and artificial insemination, in U.S. hog production is analyzed using multivariate probit analysis. Results suggest that diversification, whether the producer raised breeding stock, debt and asset levels, and producer’s education influence adoption rate. Larger, more risk-averse producers were more likely to adopt technology. Producers who rated the quality of labor available as higher were more likely to adopt management-intensive technologies.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Hog industry; Multivariate probit; Technology adoption; N51; Q12.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42898
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Technology Adoption and Aggregate Energy Efficiency 31
Pizer, William A.; Harrington, Winston; Kopp, Raymond J.; Morgenstern, Richard D.; Shih, Jhih-Shyang.
Improved technology is often cited as a means to alter the otherwise difficult trade-off between the economic burden of regulation and environmental damage. Focusing on energy-saving technologies that mitigate the threat of climate change, we find that both energy prices and financial health influence technology adoption among a sample of industrial plants in four heavily polluting sectors. Based on a model linking technology adoption to growth in aggregate efficiency, we estimate that a doubling of energy prices, after raising the growth rate to 2.1%, would require slightly more than 50 years to generate a 50% improvement in aggregate efficiency relative to the baseline forecast.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Energy efficiency; Endogenous technological change; Technology adoption; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O31; O38; Q43; Q48.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10616
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PROGRESS AND PROBLEMS IN PROMOTING HIGH EXTERNAL-INPUT TECHNOLOGIES IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: THE SASAKAWA GLOBAL 2000 EXPERIENCE IN ETHIOPIA AND MOZAMBIQUE 31
Howard, Julie A.; Kelly, Valerie A.; Maredia, Mywish K.; Stepanek, Julie; Crawford, Eric W..
Critics argue that high external input technologies are too costly for African farmers, and that pilot programs to promote them are economically unsustainable. This paper assesses Sasakawa-Global 2000 programs in Ethiopia and Mozambique; budgets, yield models and subsector analysis help explain the radically different country results and prognoses for sustainable adoption.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Technology adoption; Sub-Saharan Africa; Sasakawa-Global 2000; Maize; Fertilizer; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O002; O003.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21570
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Assessing the Response of Farm Households to Dairy Policy Reform in Israel 31
Kimhi, Ayal; Rubin, Ofir D..
After nearly fifty years of stability and stagnation of dairy market regulations in Israel, a dramatic policy reform has been enacted in 1999. The reform enabled farm households, for the first time, to trade production quotas. In addition, the reform signaled to farmers that milk prices will gradually go down in real terms, and therefore only producers who expand and become more efficient will prevail. The reform allowed for generous financial support for investment in expansion, but also required the adoption of environmental regulations which could be costly to many farm families. This paper uses data from a census of small family-operated dairy enterprises that was conducted in 2001, in order to analyze the response of farm households to the reform. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Milk policy reform; Technology adoption; Intergenerational succession.; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9948
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The Impact of Weather Extremes on Agricultural Production Methods: Does Drought Increase Adoption of Conservation Tillage Practices? 31
Ding, Ya; Schoengold, Karina; Tadesse, Tsegaye.
The paper combines panel data techniques with spatial analysis to measure the impact of extreme weather events on the adoption of conservation tillage. Zellner’s SUR technique is extended to spatial panel data to correct for cross-sectional heterogeneity, spatial autocorrelation, and contemporaneous correlation. Panel data allow the identification of differences in adoption rates. The adoption of no-till, other conservation tillage, and reduced-till are estimated relative to conventional tillage. Extremely dry conditions in recent years increase the adoption of other conservation tillage practices, while spring floods in the year of production reduce the use of no-till practices.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Conservation tillage; Drought; Panel data; Technology adoption; Weather extremes; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57631
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Land Degradation in Ethiopia: What Do Stoves Have To Do With It? 31
Gebreegziabher, Zenebe; van Kooten, G. Cornelis; van Soest, Daan P..
In Ethiopia deforestation is a major problem and many peasants have switched from fuelwood to dung for cooking and heating purposes, thereby damaging the agricultural productivity of cropland. The Ethiopian government has embarked on a two-pronged policy in an effort to stem deforestation and the degradation of agricultural lands: (i) tree planting or afforestation; (ii) dissemination of more efficient stove technologies. The motivation in here is, therefore, to examine the potential of the strategy of disseminating improved stoves in the rehabilitation of agricultural and forests lands. For empirical analysis we used a dataset on cross-section of 200 farm households from the highlands of Tigrai, northern Ethiopia. We used a two-step procedure reminiscent...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Land degradation; Technology adoption; Fuel-savings efficiency; Stoves; Ethiopia; Land Economics/Use; Q12; Q16; Q24.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25563
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FACTORS INFLUENCING TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION IN A LOUISIANA AQUACULTURE SYSTEM 31
Caffey, Rex H.; Kazmierczak, Richard F., Jr..
A multinomial logit model was estimated and used to analyze the impact of various producer characteristics on the adoption of flow-through and recirculating technology in soft-shelled crab production. Because of the industry's geographic isolation and high turnover rate, data was collected by personal interviews in 1991. The results suggest that increased adoption might be fostered by targeting education programs towards full time, family operated businesses in nontraditional production regions. However, development of effective education programs may be hindered by the lack of a significant relationship between producer adoption decisions and the information provided by university or extension personnel.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Technology adoption; Aquaculture; Multinomial logit; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15413
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INFORMATION AND THE ADOPTION OF PRECISION FARMING TECHNOLOGIES 31
McBride, William D.; Daberkow, Stan G..
Precision farming technologies have been commercially available since the early 1990s, but the pace of adoption among U.S. farmers has been modest. This study examines the relationship between the adoption of diagnostic and application techniques of precision farming and sources of information available to farmers about precision farming. The model used in the analysis accounts for sources of self-selection in the adoption process that could bias the results. Results indicate interpersonal information sources have increased adoption relative to information from the mass media, and the private sector has been the driving force behind the diffusion of precision farming. Information from crop consultants and input suppliers has had the greatest impact on the...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Information sources; Logit analysis; Precision farming; Self-selection bias; Technology adoption; Farm Management; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14671
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PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE INSECT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES: LEARNING FROM ORGANIC FARMERS 31
Lohr, Luanne; Park, Timothy A..
Organic farmers are dependent on alternative, biology-based insect control methods and are innovative in their on-farm experimentation with new strategies. By understanding the factors that influence the insect management portfolio chosen by organic farmers, research and education programs to promote sustainable insect management practices for all farmers may be devised. A negative binomial model of the factors influencing the number of alternative practices adopted is applied to survey data from American organic farmers. It is found that college-educated farmers with smaller acreages, more than half their acreage in horticultural production, and extensive experience with organic production have the greatest diversity in their insect management...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Insect management; Negative binomial model; Organic farming; Technology adoption; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16650
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Technology Adoption, Management Practices, and Financial Performance of New and Beginning Farmers: Evidence from a National Survey 31
Mishra, Ashok K.; Wilson, Christine A.; Williams, Robert P..
More than 50 percent of current farmers are over age 55, and the number of new farmers replacing them has fallen. This paper examines factors that contribute to the financial performance of new and beginning farmers in the U.S. A weighted regression analysis was used on data from the 2005 Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) to measure new and beginning farmers’ financial performance given farm and operator characteristics, production and marketing, and risk management strategies. Particular attention was given to the impact of technology adoption and management strategy on financial performance. Results indicate the adoption of Genetically Modified (GM) crops, having a written business plan, controlling variable costs, participation in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Financial performance; Technology adoption; Genetically Modified (GM) crops; Business plan; New and beginning farmers; Contracting; Coupled farm program payments; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9982
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Learning, Misallocation, and Technology Adoption: Evidence from New Malaria Therapy in Tanzania 31
Adhvaryu, Achyuta.
I show that malaria misdiagnosis, common in resource-poor settings, decreases the expected effectiveness of an important new therapy–since only a fraction of treated individuals have malaria–and reduces the rate of learning via increased noise. Using pilot program data from Tanzania, I exploit variation in the location and timing of survey enumeration to construct reference groups composed of randomly chosen, geographically and temporally proximate acutely ill individuals. I show that learning is stronger and adoption rates are higher in villages with more misdiagnosis. Subsidizing diagnostic tools or improving initial targeting of new technologies may thus accelerate uptake through learning.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Technology adoption; Learning; Malaria; Tanzania; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; I15; O12; O33.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115712
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Community Pressure and Clean Technology in the Informal Sector: An Econometric Analysis of the Adoption of Propane by Traditional Mexican Brickmakers 31
Blackman, Allen; Bannister, Geoffrey J..
In many developing countries the informal sector, comprised of low-technology unlicensed micro-enterprises, is a major source of pollution. Environmental management in this sector is exceptionally challenging. Though clean technologies offer a means of mitigating the problem, to our knowledge there has been no rigorous empirical research on why informal (or even small-scale) firms do and do not adopt them. As a first step towards filling this gap, this paper presents the results of an econometric analysis of the diffusion of propane among informal 'traditional' brickmakers in Cd. Juárez, Mexico--a leading source of air pollution owing to their reliance on cheap, highly polluting fuels such as used tires and scrap wood. The two key policy implications of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Environment; Community pressure; Clean technology; Informal sector; Technology adoption; Brickmaking; Mexico; Environmental Economics and Policy; O17; O22; O33; Q25; C25; L61.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10529
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An impact evaluation of technology adoption by smallholders in Sichuan, China: the case of sweet potato-pig systems 31
Lapar, Ma. Lucila A.; Ngoc Toan, Nguyen; Zou, Chengyi; Liu, Jinyuan; Li, Xianglin; Randolph, Thomas F..
We employ propensity score matching (PSM) framework to examine the impact of sweet potato-based feed technology adoption on household-based pig production in Sichuan, China. An ex post survey in six villages was conducted in 2009, of which five villages were in project intervention sites (exposed area) and one village in the same township but not exposed to project intervention (non-exposed area). We randomly selected 111 households in the exposed areas from the list of households previously interviewed in a baseline survey and 53 households from non-exposed area. Matching estimators such as nearest neighbor matching (NNM), radius matching (RM) and kernel matching (KM) were used to estimate average treatment effects. Results indicate positive net benefit...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Technology adoption; Impact assessment; Crop-livestock systems; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; O22; O33; Q16.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100577
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The Market-based Lead Phasedown 31
Newell, Richard G.; Rogers, Kristian.
The U.S. lead phasedown was effective in meeting its environmental objectives, and did so more quickly with the allowance of permit banking. The marketable lead permit system was highly costeffective, saving hundreds of millions of dollars relative to comparable policies not allowing trading or banking. Estimates suggest that transaction costs brought about only a modest reduction in program efficiency. The market-based nature of the program also provided incentives for more efficient adoption of new lead-removing technology, relative to a uniform standard. Distributionally, it is likely that the program was actually more responsive to the cost concerns of small refiners than a similar uniform standard would have been. The flexibility of the program likely...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Lead phasedown; Gasoline; Tradable permit; Market-based policy; Technology adoption; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q28; Q21.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10445
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A Binary Logit Estimation of Factors Affecting Adoption of GPS Guidance Systems by Cotton Producers 31
Banerjee, Swagata (Ban); Martin, Steven W.; Roberts, Roland K.; Larkin, Sherry L.; Larson, James A.; Paxton, Kenneth W.; English, Burton C.; Marra, Michele C.; Reeves, Jeanne M..
Binary logit analysis was used to identify the factors influencing adoption of Global Positioning System (GPS) guidance systems by cotton farmers in 11 Mid-south and Southeastern states. Results indicate that adoption was more likely by those who had already adopted other precision-farming practices and had used computers for farm management. In addition, younger and more affluent farmers were more likely to adopt. Farmers with larger farms and with relatively high yields were also more likely to adopt. Education was not a significant factor in a farmer’s decision to adopt GPS guidance systems.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Binary logit; Cotton; GPS guidance system; Marginal effect; Precision farming; Technology adoption; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Q2; Q16; Q19; Q20; Q24.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45530
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FACTORS AFFECTING THE ADOPTION OF VALUE-ADDED PRODUCTION ON COW-CALF FARMS 31
Popp, Michael P.; Faminow, Merle D.; Parsch, Lucas D..
Factors that affect the decision to feed or sell calves at weaning are analyzed for Arkansas cow-calf operators. A discrete choice logit model is used to analyze the adoption of value-added cattle production. Farm size, human capital, perception of risk/returns and enterprise diversification are hypothesized to explain this decision. Regional factors and land quality are also accounted for. Operator perceptions towards risk, profitability and facilities were important. Production control and attention to marketing were also significant, but farm size and scale of cattle production had a minimal impact. Effects of human capital and off-farm labor opportunities need further investigation.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Backgrounding; Cow-calf production; Production control vs. marketing; Risk/return relationship; Technology adoption; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15136
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Farmers’ Perception of Precision Technology: The Case of Autosteer Adoption by Cotton Farmers 31
D'Antoni, Jeremy M.; Mishra, Ashok K.; Powell, Rebekah R.; Martin, Steven W..
Precision agriculture and autosteer technology are, overall, profitable investments for farmers, as previous literature has established. However, what has not been investigated is whether or not farmers perceive these technologies as such. This research postulates that cotton farmers must see potential for higher profits as a result of adopting precision technologies in order to adopt it. Using the 2009 Southern Cotton Precision Farming Survey and multinomial logit model, this research investigates farmers’ perception of precision agriculture and how those perceptions impact adoption of the autosteer GPS guidance system. Autosteer adoption was found to be significant and positively related to the perceived future importance of precision agriculture as...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Farmers’ perception; Precision agriculture; Autosteer; Multinomial logit estimation; Technology adoption; Input cost saving.; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119734
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THE COMPLEX DYNAMICS OF SMALLHOLDER TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION: THE CASE OF SRI IN MADAGASCAR 31
Moser, Christine M.; Barrett, Christopher B..
This paper explores the dynamics of smallholder technology adoption, with particular reference to a high-yielding, low-external input rice production method in Madagascar. We present a simple model of technology adoption by farm households in an environment of incomplete financial and land markets. We then use a probit model and a symmetrically trimmed least squares estimation of a dynamic Tobit model to analyze the decisions to adopt, expand and disadopt the method. We find that seasonal liquidity constraints discourage adoption by poorer farmers. Learning effects – both from extension agents and from other farmers– exert significant influence over adoption decisions.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Technology adoption; Learning; The System of Rice Intensification; Conformity effects; Farm Management; O0; O1; Q0; Q16; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14735
Registros recuperados: 113
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