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| Registros recuperados: 210 | |
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| Hopkins , Tom S.; North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA; CNR Institute for Coastal Marine Environment, Naples, Italy; tom_hopkins@ncsu.edu; Bailly, Denis; University of Brest, Brest, France; Denis.Bailly@univ-brest.fr; Elmgren, Ragnar; Stockholm University; ragnar.elmgren@ecology.su.se; Glegg, Gillian; Plymouth Marine Station; G.Glegg@plymouth.ac.uk; Sandberg , Audun ; ; audun.sandberg@hibo.no. |
| This article explores the value of the Systems Approach Framework (SAF) as a tool for the transition to sustainable development in coastal zone systems, based on 18 study sites in Europe, where the SAF was developed and tested. The knowledge gained from these experiments concerns the practical aspects of (a) governance in terms of policy effectiveness, (b) sustainability science in terms of applying transdisciplinary science to social–ecological problems, and (c) simulation analysis in terms of quantifying dysfunctions in complex systems. This new knowledge can help broaden our perspectives on how research can be changed to better serve society. The infusion of systems thinking into research and policy making leads to a preference for... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Coastal zones; Integrated coastal zone management; Non-market valuation; Scale-free networks; Simulation analysis; Sustainability science; Sustainable development; Systems approach; Transdisciplinary assessments. |
| Ano: 2012 |
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| Bush, Simon R.; Wageningen University; simon.bush@wur.nl; van Zwieten, Paul A.M.; Wageningen University; paul.vanzwieten@wur.nl; Visser, Leontine; Wageningen University; leontine.visser@wur.nl; van Dijk, Han; Wageningen University; han.vandijk@wur.nl; Bosma, Roel; Wageningen University; roel.bosma@wur.nl; de Boer, Willem F.; Wageningen University; Fred.deBoer@wur.nl; Verdegem, Marc; Wageningen University; marc.verdegem@wur.nl. |
| We contend there are currently two competing scenarios for the sustainable development of shrimp aquaculture in coastal areas of Southeast Asia. First, a landscape approach, where farming techniques for small-scale producers are integrated into intertidal areas in a way that the ecological functions of mangroves are maintained and shrimp farming diseases are controlled. Second, a closed system approach, where problems of disease and effluent are eliminated in closed recirculation ponds behind the intertidal zone controlled by industrial-scale producers. We use these scenarios as two ends of a spectrum of possible interactions at a range of scales between the ecological, social, and political dynamics that underlie the threat to the resilience of mangrove... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Coastal fisheries; Governance; Livelihood decision making; Mangrove; Shrimp-aquaculture; Social-ecological systems; South-East Asia; Trans-disciplinary research; WSSV disease. |
| Ano: 2010 |
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| DeCaro, Daniel A.; Vincent and Elinor Ostrom Workshop in Political Theory & Policy Analysis, Indiana University; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville; Center for Land Use and Environmental Responsibility, University of Louisville; decaro.daniel@gmail.com; Stokes, Michael K.; Western Kentucky University; Micheal.Stokes@wku.edu. |
| Public participation plays a role in the development and long-term maintenance of environmental institutions that are well-matched to local social–ecological conditions. However, the means by which public participation impacts such institutional fit remains unclear. We argue that one major reason for this lack of clarity is that analysts have not clearly outlined how humankind’s sense of agency, or self-determination, influences institutional outcomes. Moreover, the concept of institutional fit is ambiguous as to what constitutes a good fit and how such fit could be diagnosed or improved. This is especially true for “social fit,” or how well institutions match human expectations and local behavioral patterns. We... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Autonomy-support; Environmental management; Institutional fit; Procedural justice; Psychology; Public participation; Self-determination; Social acceptability; Social– Ecological systems; Sustainable development. |
| Ano: 2013 |
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| Cox, Michael; Environmental Studies Program, Dartmouth College; michael.e.cox@dartmouth.edu. |
| One of the most important theories in the study of environmental governance and policy is the pathology of command and control, which describes the negative consequences of top-down, technocratic governance of social and ecological systems. However, to date, this theory has been expressed somewhat inconsistently and informally in the literature, even by the seminal works that have established its importance and popularized it. This presents a problem for the sustainability science community if it cannot be sure of the precise details of one of its most important theories. Without such precision, applications and tests of various elements of the theory cannot be conducted reliably to advance the knowledge of environmental governance. I address this problem... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Centralization; Command and control; Theoretical synthesis. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Healey, Michael C; University of British Columbia; CALFED Bay-Delta Program; healey@interchange.ubc.ca. |
| Salmon are inherently resilient species. However, this resiliency has been undermined in British Columbia by a century of centralized, command-and-control management focused initially on maximizing yield and, more recently, on economic efficiency. Community and cultural resiliency have also been undermined, especially by the recent emphasis on economic efficiency, which has concentrated access in the hands of a few and has disenfranchised fishery-dependent communities. Recent declines in both salmon stocks and salmon prices have revealed the systemic failure of the current management system. If salmon and their fisheries are to become viable again, radically new management policies are needed. For the salmon species, the emphasis must shift from maximizing... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Fishery management; Pacific salmon; Resilience; Sustainable fisheries. |
| Ano: 2009 |
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| Yang, Wu; Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, China; wyang@zju.edu.cn; Hyndman, David W.; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, USA; hyndman@msu.edu; Winkler, Julie A.; Department of Geography, Michigan State University, USA; winkler@msu.edu; Deines, Jillian M.; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, USA; Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, USA; jillian.deines@gmail.com; Lupi, Frank; Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, USA; Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics, Michigan State University, USA; lupi@msu.edu; Luo, Lifeng; Department of Geography, Michigan State University, USA; lluo@msu.edu; Li, Yunkai; Department of Hydraulic Engineering, China Agriculture University, China; liyunkai@126.com; Basso, Bruno; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, USA; basso@msu.edu; Zheng, Chunmiao; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, China; Center for Water Research, College of Engineering, Peking University, China; Department of Geological Sciences, University of Alabama, USA; czheng@pku.edu.cn; Ma, Dongchun; Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute, China; State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; mdc@bwsti.com; Li, Shuxin; Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, USA; lishu@msu.edu; Liu, Xiao; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, USA; liuxia32@msu.edu; Zheng, Hua; State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; zhenghua@rcees.ac.cn; Cao, Guoliang; Center for Water Research, College of Engineering, Peking University, China; gliang.cao@gmail.com; Meng, Qingyi; Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute, China; mqy@bwsti.com; Ouyang, Zhiyun; State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; zyouyang@rcees.ac.cn; Liu, Jianguo; Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, USA; liuji@msu.edu. |
| Urban areas such as megacities (those with populations greater than 10 million) are hotspots of global water use and thus face intense water management challenges. Urban areas are influenced by local interactions between human and natural systems and interact with distant systems through flows of water, food, energy, people, information, and capital. However, analyses of water sustainability and the management of water flows in urban areas are often fragmented. There is a strong need to apply integrated frameworks to systematically analyze urban water dynamics and factors that influence these dynamics. We apply the framework of telecoupling (socioeconomic and environmental interactions over distances) to analyze urban water issues, using Beijing as a... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Environmental governance; Megacity; Spillover effects; Sustainability; Systems approach; Telecoupling; Virtual water; Water management. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Brockhaus, Maria; Center for International Forestry Research; m.brockhaus@cgiar.org; Di Gregorio, Monica; University of Leeds, Sustainability Research Institute; m.digregorio@leeds.ac.uk; Carmenta, Rachel; Center for International Forestry Research; R.Carmenta@cgiar.org. |
| Policy making is often neither rational nor solution-oriented, but driven by negotiations of interests of multiple actors that increasingly tend to take place in policy networks. Such policy networks integrate societal actors beyond the state, which all aim, to different degrees, at influencing ongoing policy processes and outcomes. Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) can be considered as such an emerging policy domain, in which actors cooperate and conflict in network structures, build coalitions and try to control information and finance flows relevant for REDD+ decision making. This special feature is the result of an extensive comparative research effort to investigate national level REDD+ policy processes and emerging... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Agency; Climate change; Comparative analysis; Discourse coalitions; Policy network analysis; Power; REDD+; SNA; Transformational change. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| Biber, Eric; University of California, Berkeley; ebiber@law.berkeley.edu. |
| The monitoring of ambient environmental conditions is essential to environmental management and regulation. However, effective monitoring is subject to a range of institutional, political, and legal constraints, constraints that are a product of the need for monitoring to be continuous, long lived, and well matched to the resources being studied. Political pressure or myopia, conflicting agency goals, the need for institutional autonomy, or a reluctance of agency scientists to pursue monitoring all may make it difficult for ambient monitoring to be effectively undertaken. Even if effective monitoring data is gathered, it may not be used in decision making. The inevitable residual uncertainty in monitoring data allows stakeholders to contest the use of... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Environmental law; Monitoring; Uncertainty. |
| Ano: 2013 |
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| Waring, Timothy M; Mitchell Center for Sustainability Solutions and School of Economics, University of Maine; timothy.waring@maine.edu; Kline, Michelle Ann; School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University; Institute for Human Origins, Arizona State University; michelle.ann.kline@gmail.com; Brooks, Jeremy S; School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University; brooks.719@osu.edu; Goff, Sandra H; School of Economics, University of Maine; Economics Department, Skidmore College; sgoff@skidmore.edu; Gowdy, John; Department of Economics and Department of Science and Technology Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; gowdyj@rpi.edu; Janssen, Marco A; School of Sustainability, Arizona State University; marco.janssen@asu.edu; Smaldino, Paul E; Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis; paul.smaldino@gmail.com; Jacquet, Jennifer; Department of Environmental Studies, New York University; jj84@nyu.edu. |
| Sustainability theory can help achieve desirable social-ecological states by generalizing lessons across contexts and improving the design of sustainability interventions. To accomplish these goals, we argue that theory in sustainability science must (1) explain the emergence and persistence of social-ecological states, (2) account for endogenous cultural change, (3) incorporate cooperation dynamics, and (4) address the complexities of multilevel social-ecological interactions. We suggest that cultural evolutionary theory broadly, and cultural multilevel selection in particular, can improve on these fronts. We outline a multilevel evolutionary framework for describing social-ecological change and detail how multilevel cooperative dynamics can determine... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Cooperation; Cultural evolution; Multilevel selection; Sustainability; Theory. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Walker, Brian H; CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems; brian.walker@csiro.au; Abel, Nick; CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems; nick.abel@csiro.au; Anderies, John M; School of Human Evolution and Social Change and School of Sustainability, Arizona State University; Marty.Anderies@asu.edu; Ryan, Paul; CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems; paul.ryan@grapevine.net.au. |
| We present a resilience-based approach for assessing sustainability in a sub-catchment of the Murray-Darling Basin in southeast Australia. We define the regional system and identify the main issues, drivers, and potential shocks, then assess both specified and general resilience. The current state of the system is a consequence of changes in resource use. We identify ten known or possible biophysical, economic, and social thresholds operating at different scales, with possible knock-on effects between them. Crossing those thresholds may result in irreversible changes in goods and services generated by the region. Changes in resilience, in general, reflect a pattern of past losses with some signs of recent improvements. Interventions in the system for... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Integrated assessment of regional resilience; Interventions to support specific and general resilience; Threshold interactions and cascades. |
| Ano: 2009 |
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| Kremen, Claire; Department of Environmental Sciences, Policy and Management, University of California Berkeley; ckremen@berkeley.edu; Iles, Alastair; Department of Environmental Sciences, Policy and Management, University of California Berkeley; iles@berkeley.edu; Bacon, Christopher ; Department of Environmental Studies and Sciences, Santa Clara University; christophermbacon@gmail.com. |
| This Special Issue on Diversified Farming Systems is motivated by a desire to understand how agriculture designed according to whole systems, agroecological principles can contribute to creating a more sustainable, socially just, and secure global food system. We first define Diversified Farming Systems (DFS) as farming practices and landscapes that intentionally include functional biodiversity at multiple spatial and/or temporal scales in order to maintain ecosystem services that provide critical inputs to agriculture, such as soil fertility, pest and disease control, water use efficiency, and pollination. We explore to what extent DFS overlap or are differentiated from existing concepts such as sustainable, multifunctional, organic or ecoagriculture.... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Agroecology; Ecological diversification; Food justice; Food sovereignty; Industrialized agriculture. |
| Ano: 2012 |
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| Hanna, Susan S; Oregon State University; susan.hanna@oregonstate.edu. |
| Institutions are the mechanisms that integrate the human and ecological spheres. This paper discusses the institutional challenge of integrating salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) ecosystems and human systems in ways that effectively promote resilience. Salmon recovery in the Columbia River Basin demonstrates the challenge. Despite the comprehensive scope of Basin salmon management, it has a number of problems that illustrate the difficulties of designing institutions for ecosystem and human system resilience. The critical elements of salmon ecosystem management are incentives and transaction costs, and these comprise a large piece of missing institutional infrastructure. Once the focus is placed on incentives and costs, a number of different management strategies... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Columbia River Basin; Ecosystems; Human systems; Incentives; Institutions; Resilience; Salmon; Transaction costs. |
| Ano: 2008 |
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| Almedom, Astier M; Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies; Lund University Division of Social Medicine and Global Health; Centre for Societal Resilience, Lund University.; astier.almedom@lucsus.lu.se; O'Byrne, David; Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies; David.O_Byrne@lucsus.lu.se; Jerneck, Anne; Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies; anne.jerneck@lucsus.lu.se. |
| We propose two fundamental principles of epistemological accountability with critical methodological implications for studies designed to measure, assess, and/or profile human psychosocial resilience. Firstly, researchers involved in human psychosocial resilience studies owe it to the individuals and communities that they engage to disclose their motives and possible misreadings of the situations they enter, albeit with good intentions. Secondly, researchers and those individuals researched need to share a language of colearning and coproduction, and utilization of knowledge that is mutually intelligible. Again, the onus is on researchers and their funders to respect the researched and their particular epistemological sovereignties. As the number of... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Community resilience; Epistemological accountability; Human resilience; Psychosocial well-being sustainability studies. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Registros recuperados: 210 | |
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