SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Mose, Lawrence Obae; Burger, Kees.

Improvement in the performance of agricultural markets was the ultimate goal of market liberalisation. In this paper, firm (trader) size distribution as a factor influencing market performance is analyzed using maize and fertilizer traders from Kenya. Firm size distribution was assessed by analyzing the normality of the distribution on volume traded. Performance was assessed by the level of competition (using Hirschman-Herfindahl index), marketing margins and marketing costs. Results show that firm size distribution for both commodities is log-normally distributed but positively skewed indicating a tendency towards smaller than larger firms. A plausible explanation is that faced with inadequate financial resources and inadequate business experience, new...

Controlling in the Conditions of Czech Republic

Palavras-chave: Liberalisation; Firm size distribution; Costs; Margins; Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade; D4; L1; Q12; Q13; Q18.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25533

IMPACTOS ECONÔMICO E AMBIENTAL DA PRODUÇÃO INTEGRADA DE ABACAXI NO ESTADO DO TOCANTIS - BRASIL

Chrenkova, Iveta.

The paper deals with the issue of controlling the Agriculture of the Czech Republic, using methods of activity-based costing. The basic premise of knowledge is based on a given topic, especially the nature of the method ABC (Activity Based Costing). The paper described the application of the ABC design method in Microsoft Excel applicable in the agricultural sector of the Czech Republic. The proposed application of the ABC method, using Microsoft Excel, is an alternative to using expensive costing ABC special software. Created ABC method application also demonstrates that if somebody wants to improve approach in the overheads management, so it can be used by using quite common user knowledge of Microsoft Excel.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Controlling; Costs; Agriculture production; Activity based costing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; GA; IN.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109734

Almeida, Clovis Oliveira de; Matos, Aristoteles Pires de; Cardoso, Carlos Estevao Leite.

A produção integrada de abacaxi no Brasil teve início nos estados de Tocantins, Paraíba e Bahia. Em Tocantins, onde o sistema mais avançou, a produção integrada já alcançou escala comercial: 150 hectares plantados em 2007, com adesão de 15 produtores e 11 municípios. A avaliação dos impactos econômico e ambiental foi realizada com o uso do Ambitec-Agro, desenvolvido pela Embrapa Meio-Ambiente. A adoção da produção integrada em estabelecimentos rurais selecionados no Estado do Tocantins, além de ter conduzido ao uso de pesticidas de menor toxicidade, também reduziu a quantidade e o número de aplicação, resultado em economia na aquisição do produto e nos gastos com aplicação. Em média, a quantidade aplicada de pesticida foi reduzida nas seguintes...

Cost and benefits for the segregation of GM and non-GM compound feed

Palavras-chave: Ananas comosus; Sistema de produção; Custos; Production system; Costs; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112697

Gryson, N.; Eeckhout, M.; Neijens, T..

Measures are being developed and implemented enabling the co-existence of conventional, genetically modified (GM) and organic cropping systems. In order to segregate GM from conventional crops in the entire supply chain, a food or feed company has to reorganise its production. This may involve for dedication of the production line to non-GM, or production can be organised on the same plant, using spatial or temporal segregation. In practice, only the latter method is used in the feed industry, as no investments in new machinery are necessary in the case. The segregation and identity preservation of GM and non-GM crops has to be well organised. An important tools used to proof the identity of the imported raw materials is the batch or product declaration...

Sustainable Cooperation in Global Climate Policy: Specific Formulas and Emission Targets to Build on Copenhagen and Cancun

Palavras-chave: GMO; Co-existence; Costs; Segregation; Identity preservation; Compound feed; Agribusiness.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44418

Bosetti, Valentina; Frankel, Jeffrey.

Replaced with revised version of paper 10/05/11.

Procurement Strategies to Improve Quality Consistency in Wheat Shipments

Palavras-chave: Cancun; Climate; Concentrations; Cooperation; Copenhagen; Costs; Developing Countries; Development; Emissions; Equity; Global Climate; Global Warming; Greenhouse Gas; Human Development; International; Kyoto; Sustainable; Treaty; United Nations; WITCH; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q54.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115849

Wilson, William W.; Dahl, Bruce L..

Consistency of functional characteristics in wheat is a concern confronting buyers and sellers. This research analyzes the cost and risk of different procurement strategies for importers. A stochastic simulation model is used to determine the probability of functional characteristics being satisfied subject to quality targets and costs for alternative purchase strategies. Stochastic efficiency was employed to identify purchase strategies that dominate others and to determine the extent of preference. As more specific characteristics are incorporated into a contract, results indicate that the probabilities of meeting end-use requirements increase

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Buying strategies; Costs; Functional characteristic tests; Location; Risks; Simulation; Stochastic efficiency; Variety; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36708

Water scarcity and the role of storage in development

Keller, Andrew; Sakthivadivel, Ramasamy; Seckler, David.

Of the four major ways of storing water -in the soil profile, in underground aquifers, in small reservoirs, and in large reservoirs behind dams-the first is possible only for relatively short periods of time. In this paper, the authors concentrate on the three kinds of long-term technologies, and compare the hydrological, operational, economic and environmental aspects of each.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Groundwater; Water storage; Water scarcity; Reservoir storage; Costs; Aquifers; Conjunctive use; River basins; Surface water; Dams; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44575

Farmer-based financing of operations in the Niger Valley irrigation schemes

Abernethy, Charles L.; Sally, Hilmy; Lonsway, Kurt; Maman, Chegou.

Presents the results of case-studies of the functioning of four pump-based irrigation systems in the Niger River Valley. Prospects for sustainability are analyzed, especially in the light of the government's policy of promoting irrigator organizations to take over responsibilities for operation and maintenance.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Irrigation systems; River basin development; Sustainability; Water resources development; Low-lift irrigation; Low-lift pumps; Farmer managed irrigation systems; Farmers' associations; Institution building; Privatization; Performance evaluation; Constraints; Case studies; Financing; Costs; Climate; Food production; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Production Economics; Public Economics.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44573

A note on the environmental costs of aggregates

Berck, Peter.

The opening of a new site for the production of aggregates has both direct and indirect impacts on the environment. The indirect impacts include changes in the environmental costs of hauling aggregates and possible changes in the level of construction activity. In this note, we show that the most likely effect of a new aggregate site is to reduce the truck miles used for aggregate hauling, which is an environmental benefit. We also show that the change in construction activity induced by a new site is likely to be extremely small.

Family Size, Economics and Child Gender Preference: A Case Study in the Nyeri District of Kenya

Palavras-chave: Aggregates; Building materials; Costs; Environmental aspects; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43918

Kiriti, Tabitha; Tisdell, Clement A..

Kenyan women have more children, especially in rural areas, than in most developing nations. This is widely believed to be an impediment to Kenya’s economic development. Thus, factors influencing family size in the Kenyan context are important for its future. A brief review of economic theories of fertility leads to the conclusion that both economics and social/cultural factors must be considered simultaneously when examining factors that determine the number of children in a family. The need to do this is borne out in Kenya’s situation by utilising responses from a random sample of rural households in the Nyeri district of Kenya. Economic and social/cultural factors intertwine to influence family sizes in this district. After providing a summary of the...

SUSTENTABILIDAD FINANCIERA: EL CASO DE UNA EMPRESA GANADERA DE BOVINO DE DOBLE PROPÓSITO

Palavras-chave: Family size; Fertility; Child gender preference; Human capital formation; Costs; Benefits; Free child labour; Marital status; And age.; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/105583

Ruiz Guevara, Carlos; Garcia Hernandez, Luis Arturo; Avila Bello, Carlos Hector; Brunett Perez, Luis.

This analysis examines financial structure, costs, profits, and economic equilibrium with productivity level and economic feasibility to assure continuity in beef cattle double purpose system. Productivity and accountant information from an enterprise Veracruz south state in a year were caught. Enterprise structure shows that work with own resources, and has a $111,709.19 profit and $21,492.49 loss; 67% incomes from dairy sale and 33% come from beef sale. Steady costs are 52%, and variable costs are 48%. Equilibrium point is fixed in 241,864.40 and 14,388.66 kilograms in dairy and beef production respectively. Kilogram production cost for milk was $2.66, and $12.94 for beef. Results show a need to use financial accountant to take choices for enterprise...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Analysis; Financial structure; Costs; Profits; And economic equilibrium.; Agribusiness.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48819

ESS versus NVZ – The Cost-Effectiveness of Command-and-Control versus Agreement Based Policy Instruments

Sauer, Johannes; Walsh, John.

This study empirically investigates the cost-effectiveness of different agri-environmental policy instruments. We compare the Environment Stewardship Scheme (ESS) as an example for a management agreement type instrument, to the Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (NVZ) as an example for a command-and-control type instrument. Both instruments are currently applied in the UK. Based on a simple cost model considering also relevant transaction costs and risk we use different regression and resampling techniques to estimate the marginal effects of different factors with respect to the instruments‟ relative cost-effectiveness and to identify factors for cost variation over space and time. We control for the actual level of compliance by using compliance weighted average...

Cost of adaptation to climate change impacts on fresh-water systems: existing estimates and research gaps

Palavras-chave: Agri-Environmental Instruments; Costs; Risk; Risk and Uncertainty.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108963

Precios, costos y desequilibrio monetario: la experiencia peruana 1981-1988

Martin-Ortega, Julia.

Information on the cost of adaptation in freshwater systems is necessary to better design strategies to face climate change and water management. We look at the existing estimates with the aim of identifying research gaps. Our analysis shows that case study-specific literature is scarce, fragmented, and not always methodologically transparent. At the same time, most existing global assessments are likely to represent underestimates and rely heavily on each other. We conclude that a clear conceptual framework is still missing. Remaining research gaps include addressing inter-sector linkages and estimations of other than only direct costs, in addition to addressing the issues of ‘adaptation deficit’ and ‘residual damage’.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Costs; Freshwater systems; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q54; A56.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117615

Escobal D'Angelo, Javier; Saavedra Chanduvi, Jaime.

Este documento analiza el proceso inflacionario en el Perú durante el período 1981-1988. Los resultados de este trabajo muestran la necesidad de profundizar el estudio de los distintos mecanismos que lo impulsan. Asimismo, se evalúa la importancia de las presiones de costos y de demanda en distintos momentos del ciclo económico y se discute la importancia de los procesos inerciales.

PROCUREMENT STRATEGIES TO MEET FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS IN WHEAT SHIPMENTS

Palavras-chave: Inflacion; Precios; Costos; Modelos econometricos; Inflation; Prices; Costs; Econometric models; Peru; Financial Economics; E31; R15.

Ano: 1989

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42286

Wilson, William W.; Peterson, Del A.; Dahl, Bruce L..

Consistency of functional characteristics in wheat is a concern confronting buyers and sellers. This research analyzes the cost and risk of different procurement strategies for importers. A stochastic simulation model is used to determine the probability of a functional characteristic being satisfied subject to quality targets. Joint probabilities of meeting specifications and costs were determined for alternative functional characteristics. Results indicate that, as more specific characteristics are incorporated into a contract, the probabilities of meeting end-use requirements increase. Specific characteristics come with a higher cost, due to increased testing costs related to identity preservation. The results are summarized as cost/risk tradeoffs...

Benefits of Protecting Rural Water Quality: An Empirical Analysis

Palavras-chave: Buying strategies; Location; Variety; Functional characteristic tests; Costs; Risks; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23509

Crutchfield, Stephen R.; Feather, Peter; Hellerstein, Daniel.

Concerns about the impact of farm production on the quality of the Nation's drinking and recreational water resources have risen over the past 10 years. Because point sources of pollution were controlled first, agricultural nonpoint sources have become the Nation's largest remaining single water-quality problem. Both public and private costs of policies that address the conflict between agricultural production and water quality are relevant, but measuring the off-farm benefits and costs of changing water quality is difficult. Many of the values placed on these resources are not measured in traditional ways through market prices. This report explores the use of nonmarket valuation methods to estimate the benefits of protecting or improving rural water...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Water quality; Nonpoint source pollution; Environmental quality; Agricultural production; Costs; Benefits; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 1995

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33949

A sertéshústermelés színvonala és jövedelmezősége dunántúli gazdaságokban

Comparison of milk production costs among EU members

Pogany, Eva; Tenk, Antal; Trojan, Szabolcs; Varga, Rudolf.

Az országos adatok alapján a sertéságazat helyzete válságos, a 11 dunántúli gazdaságra kiterjedő, 2006–2008. évek közötti felmérésünkből viszont megállapítható, hogy megfelelő színvonalú, szervezettségű vágóalapanyag-termelés mellett tisztes jövedelmet lehet elérni. A vizsgálatba vont állomány (több mint 6 ezer koca és éves átlagban 100 ezer hízósertés) adatai alapján folyamatosan növekvő termelési költségek mellett számottevő különbség mutatkozott az integráción kívüli, illetve az iparszerű termelési rendszerhez (integrációhoz) tartozó gazdaságok eredményei között. A kocák reprodukciós teljesítménye és a takarmány értékesülés fajlagos mutatói közötti különbségek jelentősen differenciálták a két csoporthoz tartozó gazdaságok jövedelmét, az iparszerű...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Tartási és takarmányozási körülmények; Termelési színvonal; Költség-ár-jövedelem viszonyok; Standards of animal keeping and feeding; Quality of production; Costs; Prices and revenues; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99185