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Registros recuperados: 85 | |
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Hylland, Ketil; Skei, Bjorn Borge; Brunborg, Gunnar; Lang, Thomas; Gubbins, Matthew J.; Le Goff, Jeremie; Burgeot, Thierry. |
Dab (Limanda limanda) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) were collected from coastal and offshore locations in the Baltic (dab only), North Sea (haddock from one location only) and Iceland. Blood was analysed for DNA strand breaks using the comet assay and liver samples for DNA adduct concentrations. DNA strand breaks were at background levels in dab from the two Iceland locations and from the Dogger Bank. The highest levels were observed in dab from the Firth of Forth, Ekofisk and the German Bight. Hepatic DNA adducts in dab were highest at Ekofisk, in the Baltic and Dogger Bank, below detection limit in dab from Iceland and low in dab from the Firth of Forth and German Bight. There was large variation in DNA strand breaks between locations and... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: ICON; Comet; DNA adducts; Genotoxicity; Haddock; Dab; European seas. |
Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00309/42064/44971.pdf |
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Bean, Tp; Akcha, Farida. |
Single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE or comet) assay allows quantification of DNA damage in individual cells and is an ideal tool for use within biological monitoring programmes. Comet assay can be used on a range of cell types including somatic, reproductive (gametes) or circulatory cells in many different species including both marine bivalves and flatfish. The assay can be employed with simple equipment available in most laboratories, is sensitive to environmentally relevant levels of DNA damage (Frenzilli and Lyons, 2009), accurately demonstrates a linear dose response to exposure (Collins et al., 1996), and can be adapted for use on most nucleated cell types. This document concentrates on the simplest and most repeatable method of comet assay in... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Single cell gel electrophoresis; DNA damage; Genotoxicity; Biological effects; Bivalves; Flatfish; Integrated monitoring. |
Ano: 2016 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00587/69902/67807.pdf |
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Le Bihanic, Florane; Morin, Benedicte; Cousin, Xavier; Le Menach, Karyn; Budzinski, Helene; Cachot, Jerome. |
A new gravel-contact assay using rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, embryos was developed to assess the toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other hydrophobic compounds. Environmentally realistic exposure conditions were mimicked with a direct exposure of eyed rainbow trout embryos incubated onto chemical-spiked gravels until hatching at 10 °C. Several endpoints were recorded including survival, hatching delay, hatching success, biometry, developmental abnormalities, and DNA damage (comet and micronucleus assays). This bioassay was firstly tested with two model PAHs, fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene. Then, the method was applied to compare the toxicity of three PAH complex mixtures characterized by different PAH compositions: a pyrolytic... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: PAH mixture; Oil extract; Pyrolytic extract; Embryotoxicity; Developmental defects; Genotoxicity. |
Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00188/29919/28384.pdf |
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Barranger, Audrey; Akcha, Farida; Rouxel, Julien; Brizard, Raphael; Maurouard, Elise; Pallud, Marie; Menard, Dominique; Tapie, N.; Budzinski, Helene; Burgeot, Thierry; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah. |
Pesticides represent a major proportion of the chemical pollutants detected in French coastal waters and hence a significant environmental risk with regards to marine organisms. Commercially-raised bivalves are particularly exposed to pollutants, among them pesticides, as shellfish farming zones are subject to considerable pressure from agricultural activities on the mainland. The aims of this study were to determine (1) the genotoxic effects of diuron exposure on oyster genitors and (2) the possible transmission of damaged DNA to offspring and its repercussions on oyster fitness. To investigate these points, oysters were exposed to concentrations of diuron close to those detected in the Marennes-Oleron Basin (two 7-day exposure pulses at 0.4 and 0.6 μg... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Herbicide; Diuron; Oyster; Genotoxicity; Comet assay; Cytogenetics. |
Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00162/27311/25541.pdf |
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Perez Garcia, Maria Concepcion; Rouxel, Julien; Akcha, Farida. |
In this work, the DNA-damaging effect of hydrogen peroxide on the structural integrity of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) was studied for the first time by comet-FISH in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Global DNA damage was assessed in hemocytes using an alkaline version of the comet assay. Next, NOR sensitivity was analysed by mapping major rDNA repeat unit by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) on the same comet slides. Exposure of hemocytes to 100 μM of hydrogen peroxide induced a significant increase in both DNA damage and number of FISH-signals of major ribosomal genes versus the control. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was shown between DNA damage as measured by the comet assay (percentage of DNA in comet tail) and the... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Hydrogen peroxide; Comet assay; Comet-FISH; Genotoxicity. |
Ano: 2015 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00250/36157/34712.pdf |
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Perrichon, Prescilla; Akcha, Farida; Le Menach, Karyn; Goubeau, Manon; Budzinski, Helene; Cousin, Xavier; Bustamante, Paco. |
In recent decades, PAH emissions due to extensive anthropogenic activities have risen sharply causing considerable pollution of aquatic ecosystems. This pollution represents a threat for organisms, among them are fish. Consequently, prenatal stress can have important repercussions, and may impact survival and population recruitment. To investigate this point, eggs were collected from zebrafish exposed during 6 months by trophic route to three aromatic fractions from two different origins, pyrolytic (PY) and petrogenic (light (BAL) and heavy (HFO) fractions) sources. Chronic dietary exposure of the parents was performed at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.3 ×, 1 × and 3 ×; 1 × represents an environmental concentration measured in French estuary).... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Parental transmission; Fish early-life stages; PhotoMotor Response; Cardiac performance; PAH metabolites; Genotoxicity. |
Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00259/37046/37174.pdf |
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Larcher, Thibaut; Perrichon, Prescilla; Vignet, Caroline; Ledevin, Mireille; Le Menach, Karyn; Lyphout, Laura; Landi, Laure; Clerandeau, Christelle; Lebihanic, F.; Menard, Dominique; Burgeot, Thierry; Budzinski, Helene; Akcha, Farida; Cachot, J.; Cousin, Xavier. |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous contaminants that can be present at high levels as mixtures in polluted aquatic environments. Many PAHs are potent mutagens and several are well-known carcinogens. Despite numerous studies on individual compounds, little is known about the toxicity of PAHs mixtures that are encountered in environmental situations. In the present work, zebrafish were continuously fed from 5 days post-fertilisation to 14 months post-fertilisation (mpf) with a diet spiked with fractions of either pyrolytic (PY), petrogenic light oil (LO), or petrogenic heavy oil (HO) origin at three concentrations. A decrease in survival was identified after 3 mpf in fish fed with the highest concentration of HO or LO, but not for PY. All... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Zebrafish; Carcinogenesis; Genotoxicity; Neoplasia; Carcinoma; Toxicological pathology. |
Ano: 2014 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00242/35329/34108.pdf |
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Wessel, Nathalie; Menard, Dominique; Pichavant-rafini, K.; Ollivier, H.; Le Goff, Jean-michel; Burgeot, Thierry; Akcha, Farida. |
The benzo[a]pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon known to be genotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic in higher vertebrates. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the enzymatic and genotoxic effects of BaP in a benthic fish species, Solea solea. Sole hepatocytes were exposed to BaP in order to measure the modulation of ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (EROD) activity and the DNA strand breaks induced by BaP metabolism. Exposures were performed in both culture flasks and microplate wells in order to check for the possible miniaturization of the exposure system. Moreover, sole liver microsomes were exposed to BaP in the presence of standard DNA in order to assess the potential formation of DNA adducts in sole. The results demonstrated the ability of... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Genotoxicity; Sole; BaP; DNA strand breaks; EROD; DNA adducts. |
Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00018/12968/9944.pdf |
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Behrens, Daphne; Rouxel, Julien; Burgeot, Thierry; Akcha, Farida. |
Herbicides are one of the major classes of pollutants contaminating coastal waters over the world. Among them, diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) is a phenylurea herbicide frequently detected in oyster-producing area, known to be toxic for this important exploited non-target species. With the aim to investigate the mechanisms by which diuron displays its toxicity in oyster, the implication of both biotransformation and oxygen reactive species (ROS) production was studied considering embryotoxicity and genotoxicity as endpoints. Comparative embryotoxicity and genotoxicity of diuron and its main metabolites (DCPMU, DCPU and 3,4-DCA) were thus studied on oyster larvae by the embryo-larval bioassay on D larvae and the comet assay on trochophore... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Oyster; Herbicide; Embryotoxicity; Genotoxicity; Oxidative stress; Biotransformation. |
Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00324/43521/43053.pdf |
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Akcha, Farida; Spagnol, Charlene; Rouxel, Julien. |
We investigated the effects of genotoxicant exposure in gametes and embryos to find a possible link between genotoxicity and reproduction/developmental impairment, and explore the impact of chemical genotoxicity on population dynamics. Our study focused on the genotoxic effects of two herbicides on oyster gametes and embryos: glyphosate (both as an active substance and in the Roundup formulation) and diuron. France is Europe's leading consumer of agrochemical substances and as such, contamination of France's coastal waters by pesticides is a major concern. Glyphosate and diuron are among the most frequently detected herbicides in oyster production areas; as oyster is a specie with external reproduction, its gametes and embryos are in direct contact with... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Genotoxicity; Embryotoxicity; Oyster; Gametes; Pesticides; Diuron; Glyphosate. |
Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18128/15783.pdf |
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Akcha, Farida; Arzul, Genevieve; Rousseau, Sabrina; Bardouil, Michele. |
The alkaline comet assay was tested on different microalgae: the clinofiagellates, Karenia mikimotoi and Alexandrium minuturn, and the diatom, Chaetoceros gracilis. The microalgae were exposed during their exponential growth to the model direct genotoxicant, hydrogen peroxide (1 h, 5 and 100 pM H2O2). Following H2O2 exposure, the comet assay was validated only for K. mikimotoi for which genotoxicity was observed from the lowest tested concentration of 5 pM with a concentration-dependent effect. C. gracilis was too small in size (4 mu m) to be correctly analysed. For A. minuturn, our lysis buffer was not strong enough to digest the cellulosic thecal plates. For K. mikimotoi, the comet assay was thus applied for the study of the genotoxic effects of... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Genotoxicity; Pesticides; Phytoplankton. |
Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4504.pdf |
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Mamindy-pajany, Yannick; Hamer, Bojan; Romeo, Michele; Geret, Florence; Galgani, Francois; Durmisi, Emina; Hurel, Charlotte; Marmier, Nicolas. |
This work investigates the ecotoxicological evaluation of contaminated dredged sediments from French Mediterranean navy harbour (A), commercial port (B) and two composite specimens (C) and (D) coming from the mixture of A and B with other port sediments. The toxicity of elutriates from these sediments is estimated using embryo-toxicity test. Microtox (R) solid phase test, LuminoTox, phytotoxicity tests and genotoxicity test. Bioassay responses are not clearly correlated with chemical contamination in the whole sediment and vary as a function of tested organisms. The highest contaminated samples (A and C) are almost always more toxic than the less contaminated samples (B and D). Among composite sediments, the mixture effect with other sediments is not... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Dredged port sediments; Phytotoxicity; Microtox (R) solid phase; Embryo-toxicity test; Genotoxicity. |
Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00031/14262/12284.pdf |
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Poli,M.N; López Miranda,L.A; Fernández Iriarte,P.J; Zanier,G.J; Iúdica,C.E. |
Previous research has shown connections between the exposure to different agents and mutations in germinal and somatic cells. One of such agents, nitrate (NO3), can be potentially genotoxic for individuals who drink high nitrate well water, and may cause a subsequent impact on their health and on the whole ecosystem. The aim of this research was to conduct genotoxicity assays in somatic cells from people living in the northern area of Mar del Plata city, Argentina. The purpose of these experiments was, in turn, to establish the possible relationships between mutagenic effects and high nitrate water consumption. To this end, different diagnostic tests were carried out to detect potential genetic and/or chromosomal alterations. A non-exposed population equal... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Mutagenic agents; Nitrate; Chromosomal aberrations; Genotoxicity; Micronuclei. |
Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1852-62332012000100001 |
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Mañas,F; Peralta,L; Ugnia,L; Weyers,A; García Ovando,H; Gorla,N. |
Excessive amounts of the herbicide glyphosate are incorporated daily to the soil and the ecosystems. AMPA is its major environmental breakdown product. In this study we determined the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs); quantified superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity in liver, kidney, lung and heart, and performed the comet assay in blood and liver of mice administered glyphosate (40 or 400 mg/kg/day) or AMPA (100 mg/kg/day) in drinking water for 14 days. Exposure to glyphosate 400 mg/kg induced a statistically significant (p <0.05) decrease of SOD activity in heart and an increase in CAT activity in kidney. In the comet assay there were statistically significant differences in all the treatments and tissues... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Pesticides; Mice; Genotoxicity. |
Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1852-62332013000300007 |
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Andrioli,N.B; Chaufan,G; Coalova,I; Ríos de Molina,M.C; Mudry,M.D. |
Early detection of toxic events induced by xenobiotics is necessary for a proper assessment of human risk after the exposure to those agents. The aim of this work was to evaluate the cell line HEp-2 as an experimental model to determine the genotoxic effects of sodium arsenate. To this end, we determined the metabolic activity cells by the MTT test on seven concentrations of arsenate that range from 27 to 135,000 μM, obtaining the median lethal concentration (LC50), the lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC), and the not observed effect concentration (NOEC) of sodium arsenate at 24 h of exposition. According to the cytotoxic response obtained, we evaluated the genotoxic effect of the 27 and 270 μM concentrations by using the... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Cytotoxicity; Genotoxicity; Glutathione; HEp-2 cell line. |
Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1852-62332017000300002 |
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Registros recuperados: 85 | |
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