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| Registros recuperados: 269 | |
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| Keohane, Nathaniel O.; Revesz, Richard L.; Stavins, Robert N.. |
| In the realm of environmental policy instrument choice, there is great divergence between the recommendations of normative economic theory and positive political reality. Four gaps stand out. First, despite the advantages of market-based policy instruments, they have been used to a minor degree, compared with conventional, command-and-control instruments. Second, pollution-control standards have typically been much more stringent for new than for existing sources, despite the inefficiency of this approach. Third, in the few instances in which market-based instruments have been adopted, they have nearly always taken the form of grandfathered tradeable permits, rather than auctioned permits or pollution taxes, despite the advantages in some situations of... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; L51; H11; P16; K32; Q28. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10759 |
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| Hersh, Robert; Wernstedt, Kris. |
| In this paper, the first part of our three-part study on the development of brownfields policy in Wisconsin, we examine the regulatory history of the brownfields policy. We start with the 1978 Hazardous Substance Spill Law, the antecedent to the brownfields regulatory reform of the 1990s, and examine the interaction of policy entrepreneurs in both the public and the private sectors that has led to innovation. We follow this by exploring the response of the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources to reform efforts, looking at both how it anticipated and led some of the efforts and how it addressed demands placed on it by the state legislature and executive. We then discuss the central role that the state's Brownfields Study Group has played in moving... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Brownfields; Policy innovation; Regulatory history; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q24; Q28. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10727 |
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| Nuppenau, Ernst-August. |
| In this paper we argue that the loss of bio-diversity hould be of concern for farmers, though it seems to be of little or no concern to them at the moment. As diversity is a component of nature that controls the growth of pests, a loss of bio-diversity means increased exposure to pests, danger of crop failures and, in the long run, lower average yields and profits. So far farmers buy costly pesticides for compensating the reduction of bio-diversity. We argue that institutional problems are the reason why farmers are not concerned with bio-diversity, and show that under pure private property rights farmers have interest in pesticides and not in bio-diversity as a measure of crop protect because they have perhaps to devote land to the natural eco-system. In... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Common property management; Institution; Crop risk; Bio-diversity; Land Economics/Use; Q28. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25600 |
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| Farrow, Scott; Toman, Michael. |
| In this paper we first describe the legal and administrative basis of mandates that variously require and eschew economic measures for environmental management. We then summarize the steps involved in benefit-cost analysis and what can and cannot be accomplished with such information. Our basic conclusion is that while the approach is not perfect, benefit-cost analysis has a solid methodological footing and provides a valuable performance measure for an important governmental function, improving the well-being of society. However, benefit-cost analysis requires analytical judgements which, if done poorly, can obfuscate an issue or worse, provide a refuge for scoundrels in the policy debate. We conclude the article with specific suggestions for both the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Benefit-cost analysis; Environmental regulation; Regulatory reform; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q28; D61; H43. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10598 |
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| Pezzey, John C.V.. |
| We compare three different views on the long run efficiencies of emission taxes which include thresholds, and of tradable emission permits where some permits are initially free. The differences are caused by different assumptions about whether thresholds and free permits should be subsidies given only to firms that produce, or full property rights. Treating tax thresholds, as well as free permits, as property rights would depart from the conventional view, but would allow greater flexibility in making economic instruments both efficient and acceptable. Such flexibility could be very important in achieving efficent control of greenhouse gas emissions. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; H23; Q28. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58198 |
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| Harrington, Winston. |
| The performance of the industrial point-source water pollution abatement program in the U.S. Clean Water Act is examined. I begin with a brief description of the statute and then turn to a description of the process used to develop the rules that govern effluent discharges. This is followed by a discussion of the outcomes resulting from efforts to apply these rules to industrial pollutant sources. Two types of outcomes are considered: administrative outcomes and outcomes in the water. Last, the issue of implementation is discussed: how the Clean Water Act may have affected the incentives governing the behavior of industrial dischargers, municipal waste treatment plant operators, and regulators. Surprisingly, there is some evidence that the Clean Water Act,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Effluent guidelines; Indirect dischargers; Water quality; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q28. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10608 |
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| Newell, Richard G.; Papps, Kerry L.; Sanchirico, James N.. |
| We investigate the applicability of the present-value asset pricing model to fishing quota markets by applying instrumental variable panel data estimation techniques to 15 years of market transactions from New Zealand's individual fishing quota market. In addition to the influence of current fishing rents (as measured by lease prices), we explore the effect of market interest rates, risk, and expected changes in future rents on quota asset prices. Controlling for these other factors, the results support a fairly simple relationship between quota asset and contemporaneous lease prices. Consistent with theoretical expectations, the results indicate that quota asset prices are positively related to declines in interest rates, lower levels of risk, expected... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Tradable permits; Individual transferable fishing quota; Asset pricing; Fisheries; Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q22; Q28; D40; L10. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10639 |
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| Registros recuperados: 269 | |
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