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Environmental controlling factors of copepod communities in the Gulf of Tunis (south western Mediterranean Sea) ArchiMer
Ben Lamine, Yosra; Pringault, Olivier; Aissi, Mehdi; Ensibi, Cherif; Mahmoudi, Ezzeddine; Kefi, Ons Daly Yahia; Yahia, Mohamed Nejib Daly.
The copepod community structure and the distribution of the main groups of zooplankton were studied along an inshore-offshore gradient in the Gulf of Tunis during the rainy and dry seasons of 2007-2008. Hydrological parameters were also measured to assess the potential role of abiotic and biotic factors in the distribution of copepod species. The copepod community in the Gulf of Tunis comprises 86 species dominated by Paracalanus parvus, Clausocalanus lividus, Centropages kroyeri and Acartia clausi. Time had a greater influence than space (horizontal and vertical gradients) in shaping the copepod community structure with a significant influence of the seasons; winter (cold and rainy) resulted in hydrological conditions that were strongly different from...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Copepod diversity; Multivariate analysis; Temperature; Salinity; Top-down control; Competition.
Ano: 2015 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00275/38670/73416.pdf
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Expédition OceanoScientific 2016-2017 : Etudes des mesures de température et de salinité de surface ArchiMer
Reynaud, Thierry; Reverdin, Gilles; Metzl, Nicolas; Griboval, Yvan.
The OceanoScientific Programm was initiated in 2006 and yielded the creation of a specific equipment : the OSC-System. The OSC-System measures physical parameters at the air-sea interface including Sea Surface temperature and Salinity. An OSC-System was installed on board of the OceanoScientific Explorer Boogaloo sailing ship. A cruise around the world was initiated the 17/11/2016 and ended 02/06/2017 including 60 days south of 40°S. Sea Surface temperature and salinity collected along this cruise are discussed in this technical report.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mesures; Température; Salinité; Surface; Oceanoscientific; Boogaloo; Antarctique; Temperature; Salinity; SST; SSS; Measurements; Antarctic.
Ano: 2018 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00472/58356/60914.pdf
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Deep sequencing of the mantle transcriptome of the great scallop Pecten maximus ArchiMer
Artigaud, Sebastien; Thorne, Michael A. S.; Richard, Joelle; Lavaud, Romain; Jean, Fred; Flye-sainte-marie, Jonathan; Peck, Lloyd S.; Pichereau, Vianney; Clark, Melody S..
RNA-Seq transcriptome data were generated from mantle tissue of the great scallop, Pecten maximus. The consensus data were produced from a time course series of animals subjected to a 56-day thermal challenge at 3 different temperatures. A total of 26,064 contigs were assembled de novo, providing a useful resource for both the aquaculture community and researchers with an interest in mollusc shell production.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Pecten maximus; RNAseq; Temperature.
Ano: 2014 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00202/31362/82662.pdf
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The use of high rate algal ponds for the treatment of marine effluent from a recirculating fish rearing system ArchiMer
Pagand, Pascal; Blancheton, Jean-paul; Lemoalle, J; Casellas, C.
A high rate algal pond (HRAP) system was used to treat effluent from a recirculating sea water aquaculture system in southern France. Dicentrarchus labrax L. were farmed at a high density, with effluents containing an average of 10 mg L-1 dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and 1.3 mg L-1 reactive phosphorus (RP). On a yearly basis, the algal pond removed 59% of the dissolved nitrogen and 56% of the phosphorus input, which was converted into 3.3 kg DW m(-2) algae. Green macroalgae were dominant throughout the year and the algal biomass mirrored the seasonal changes in daily irradiance and temperature. This first year study supports the possibility of treating marine aquaculture wastes using HPAPs, although conditions will have to be found to mitigate the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Nitrogen; Biofilters; Irradiance; Temperature; Photosynthesis; Growth; Culture; Chlorophyta; Nutrient Removal.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/publication-515.pdf
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High temperature induces transcriptomic changes in Crassostrea gigas that hinder progress of ostreid herpesvirus (OsHV-1) and promote survival ArchiMer
Delisle, Lizenn; Pauletto, Marianna; Vidal-dupiol, Jeremie; Petton, Bruno; Bargelloni, Luca; Montagnani, Caroline; Pernet, Fabrice; Corporeau, Charlotte; Fleury, Elodie.
Of all environmental factors, seawater temperature plays a decisive role in triggering marine diseases. Like fever in vertebrates, high seawater temperature could modulate the host response to pathogens in ectothermic animals. In France, massive mortality of Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, caused by the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) is markedly reduced when temperatures exceed 24°C in the field. In the present study we assess how high temperature influences the host response to the pathogen by comparing transcriptomes (RNA sequencing) during the course of experimental infection at 21°C (reference) and 29°C. We show that high temperature induced host physiological processes that are unfavorable to the viral infection. Temperature influenced the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Anti-viral molecular pathway; Host-pathogen interaction; Marine disease; OsHV-1; Resistance; Temperature.
Ano: 2020 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00656/76806/77974.pdf
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Summer seed mortality of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg grown in Tomales Bay, California, USA : the influence of oyster stock, planting time, pathogens, and environmental stressors ArchiMer
Burge, Colleen; Judah, Linda; Conquest, Loveday; Griffin, Frederick; Cheney, Daniel; Suhrbier, Andrew; Vadopalas, Brent; Olin, Paul G.; Renault, Tristan; Friedman, Carolyn S..
Summer seed mortality (SSM) has occurred yearly in Tomales Bay, California since 1993. SSM has resulted in up to 90% cumulative losses, and has been associated with extreme temperature, phytoplankton blooms, and an oyster herpesvirus. In this study, three stocks of Pacific oysters were planted at three sites in California (Inner Tomales Bay, Outer Tomales Bay, and Bodega Harbor) in October of 2000 (Fall) and April of 2001 (Spring) and monitored for mortality, growth, and health status. In April of 2001, a similar study was conducted in Totten Inlet, WA state using cohorts of oysters planted in California; animals were monitored for mortality and growth. Temperature data were collected at all sites; phytoplankton abundance data were collected at the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: California; Tomales Bay; Oyster herpesvirus; Temperature; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2976.pdf
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Effects of temperature, stocking density and farming conditions on fin damage in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) ArchiMer
Person, Jeannine; Le Bayon, Nicolas.
This paper presents a non invasive, rapid and reliable way to quantitatively assess fin erosion in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). The method is based on a visual assessment of fin profile and area loss of all fins except the anterior dorsal, on a scale from 0 to 4 in comparison with a perfect fin. The effects of stocking density (SD) and temperature on fin damage were investigated under experimental conditions (100-250 g fish). Over a 4-month period, mean erosion index (mean erosion level of all fins) was 10 times higher at 120 than at 20 kg m(-3), where most fins were undamaged. Damage was also dependent on time and oxygen concentration (35% lower at 53% O-2 saturation than at 105%). Fin condition was also affected by temperature: mean erosion index was...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Rearing systems; Stocking density; Temperature; Welfare; Fin damage; Sea bass.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6873.pdf
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Première approche de la dynamique d'une population de Temora Longicornis O.F. Müler (Copepoda, Calanoida) dans les bassins à flot du port de Dunkerque (France) ArchiMer
Brylinski, Jm.
The wet docks of Dunkirk are 3 to 4 degrees Celcius warmer than the seaboard waters of the North Sea. Such warmth is due to thermic industrial was­te mainly from the E.D.F. power-station. A thermic and saline stratification can be observed that favours heterogeneousness among the populations of Temora lon- gicomis. The samples of copepods taken from the North Sea are significantly bigger than those found in the port of Dunkirk. Differences in size vary in the course of the year. The action of high temperatures upon reproduction is being debated j so is the existence of an autochtonous population in the docks in sum­mer.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Temora longicornis; Milieu portuaire; Température; Biométrie; Dynamique; Temora longicornis; Harbour; Temperature; Biometry; Dynamic.
Ano: 1979 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00305/41656/40865.pdf
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Comparaison de la respiration chez Ruditapes decussatus (L.) et R. philippinarum (Adams & Reeve) en fonction de la température ArchiMer
Bodoy, Alain; Riva, Alain; Maitre-allain, Thierry.
Measurements of oxygen consumption in the two species Ruditapes decussatus and Ruditapes phi/ippinarum were perfonned using hatchery-reared juveniles, grown under controlled conditions. The temperature range varied from 10 to 30°C. The linear relations between the logarithms of the dry weight and of the oxygen consumption were calculated for each species. Rates were compared in terms of standardized clam tissue weight calculated from the regression of respiration on tissue weight. Such a technique allows to make comparisons between the species by avoiding any interference from the variations in individual weight. Within this range of temperature, oxygen consumption of R. philippinarum and of R. decussatus exhibit the same variations, with a maximum at...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Temperature; Oxygen consumption; Ruditapes philippinarum; Ruditapes decussatus; Température; Consommation oxygène; Ruditapes philippinarum; Ruditapes decussatus.
Ano: 1986 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/publication-2963.pdf
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Air-sea CO2 flux variability in frontal regions of the Southern Ocean from CARbon Interface OCean Atmosphere drifters ArchiMer
Boutin, Jacqueline; Merlivat, L.; Henocq, C.; Martin, Nicolas; Sallee, Jean-baptiste.
Nine CARbon Interface OCean Atmosphere (CARIOCA) drifters were deployed in the Southern Ocean (south of the subtropical front, STF) between 2001 and 2006. They recorded 65 months of measurements in all seasons between 57 degrees S and 40 degrees S. Hydrological fronts detected by altimetry indicate that one buoy explored the polar zone (PZ) of the Atlantic Ocean and the western Indian Ocean; the remaining buoys explored the northern and southern parts of the subantarctic zone (SAZ) from the mid-Indian Ocean (73 degrees E) to the eastern Pacific Ocean (112 degrees W). The air-sea CO2 fluxes along the buoy trajectories are primarily driven by the spatial variability of the fugacity of CO2 in seawater, fCO(2): in the SAZ, they vary between -1.1 and -4.2 mol...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Antarctic circumpolar current; Northwestern mediterranean sea; Atlantic sector; Surface water; Gas exchange; Polar front; Temperature; Seawater; Transport.
Ano: 2008 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00204/31483/29880.pdf
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Toxicite des Elements Metalliques Dissous pour les Larves d'Organismes Marins: Donnees Bibliographiques. ArchiMer
Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
A bibliographic review has been made on the toxicity of ten metals for some marine larvae of commercial interest. We have classified, according to toxicity, organic salts of tin, mercury, silver, copper, zinc, nickel, lead, cadmium, chromium and manganese. Some synergistic effects of metals, temperature and salinity are described as well as the action of silt suspended in water.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mollusca; Crustacea; Pollution effects; Bibliographies; Salinity; Temperature; Synergism; Heavy metals; Toxicity.
Ano: 1981 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1981/publication-1885.pdf
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Improved Statistical Method for Quality Control of Hydrographic Observations ArchiMer
Gourrion, Jerome; Szekely, Tanguy; Killick, Rachel; Owens, Breck; Reverdin, Gilles; Chapron, Bertrand.
Realistic ocean state prediction and its validation rely on the availability of high quality in situ observations. To detect data errors, adequate quality check procedures must be designed. This paper presents procedures that take advantage of the ever-growing observation databases that provide climatological knowledge of the ocean variability in the neighborhood of an observation location. Local validity intervals are used to estimate binarily whether the observed values are considered as good or erroneous. Whereas a classical approach estimates validity bounds from first- and second-order moments of the climatological parameter distribution, that is, mean and variance, this work proposes to infer them directly from minimum and maximum observed values....
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ocean; Climatology; Salinity; Temperature; Data quality control; Oceanic variability.
Ano: 2020 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00628/74031/73359.pdf
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Influence of Environmental Factors on the Paralytic Shellfish Toxin Content and Profile of Alexandrium catenella (Dinophyceae) Isolated from the Mediterranean Sea ArchiMer
Laabir, Mohamed; Collos, Yves; Masseret, Estelle; Grzebyk, Daniel; Abadie, Eric; Savar, Veronique; Sibat, Manoella; Amzil, Zouher.
Laboratory experiments were designed to study the toxin content and profile of the Alexandrium catenella strain ACT03 (isolated from Thau Lagoon, French Mediterranean) in response to abiotic environmental factors under nutrient-replete conditions. This dinoflagellate can produce various paralytic shellfish toxins with concentrations ranging from 2.9 to 50.3 fmol/cell. The toxin profile was characterized by carbamate toxins (GTX3, GTX4 and GTX5) and N-sulfocarbamoyl toxins (C1, C2, C3 and C4). C2 dominated at 12-18 degrees C, but only for salinities ranging from 10 to 25 psu, whereas GTX5 became dominant at temperatures ranging from 21 to 30 degrees C at almost all salinities. There was no significant variation in the cellular toxin amount from 18 degrees C...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Alexandrium catenella; PSP toxins; Temperature; Salinity; Light.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00148/25969/24056.pdf
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Is temperature a good proxy for sulfide in hydrothermal vent habitats? ArchiMer
Le Bris, Nadine; Rodier, Philippe; Sarradin, Pierre-marie; Le Gall, Christian.
On the basis of previous studies at 9 degrees N and 13 degrees N East Pacific Rise (EPR) fields, we discuss the general assumption that temperature is a proxy for sulfide in vent fauna habitat. The main conclusion of these works is illustrated here through selected examples. In situ measurements were used to assess the variability of chemical parameters as function of temperature at the scale of fauna aggregations. Over a single vent site, aggregations of mussels or Riftia pachyptila discretely distributed around diffuse vents exhibit, in first assumption, similar sulfide-temperature correlation. In contrast, sulfide is much higher, for a given temperature, in the habitat of alvinellids than in neighboring habitats of Riftia pachyptila. Some consistency in...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Alvinellids; Riftia pachyptila; Mussel beds; Temperature; Sulfide; Hydrothermal vent.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-3609.pdf
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The Role of Sustained Photoprotective Non-photochemical Quenching in Low Temperature and High Light Acclimation in the Bloom-Forming Arctic Diatom Thalassiosira gravida ArchiMer
Lacour, Thomas; Lariviere, Jade; Ferland, Joannie; Bruyant, Flavienne; Lavaud, Johann; Babin, Marcel.
Thalassiosira gravida is a major Arctic diatom responsible for the under-ice spring bloom. We investigated T. gravida physiological plasticity growing it at two temperatures (0 and 5°C) and under different light intensities typically found in its natural environment. T. gravida showed remarkable thermal- and photo-acclimatory plasticity including: low light saturation parameter for growth (KE) and photosynthesis (EK), low μmax but relatively high Chl a/C, low C/N, and decreasing light-saturated carbon fixation rate (PmC) with increasing growth irradiance. T. gravida also showed remarkable photoprotective features, namely a strong sustained non-photochemical quenching (NPQs, hour kinetics relaxation) supported by a high amount of xanthophyll cycle pigments....
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Arctic diatom; Photosynthesis; Sustained NPQ; Irradiance; Temperature.
Ano: 2018 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00462/57387/59468.pdf
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Dynamics of gas hydrate: case of the Congo continental slope ArchiMer
Sultan, Nabil; Foucher, Jean-paul; Cochonat, Pierre; Tonnerre, T; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Ondreas, Helene; Cauquil, E; Grauls, D.
A numerical model is developed to study the temperature effect on stability and phase transformation of gas-hydrate. The model uses a mathematical formulation based on the enthalpy form of the conservation law of energy. The use of the enthalpy form instead of the temperature form as often done in the literature has made the problem numerically simpler. The model is then applied to describe the effect of sea bottom temperature variations on the stability of gas hydrate occurrences and on the seafloor reflectivity in sediments of the Congo continental slope. Indeed, a migrating seafloor reflectivity front is observed on 3D seimic images from two surveys performed 6 months apart and interpreted as a migrating gas hydrate stability zone. Seawater temperature...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Temperature; Stefan problem; Seafloor reflectivity; Gas hydrate; Heat flow; Finite difference; Continental margins.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-702.pdf
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Influence of water temperature and oxygenation on the aerobic metabolic scope of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) ArchiMer
Claireaux, Guy; Webber, D; Lagardere, Jean-paul; Kerr, S.
Environmental influences (temperature and oxygenation) on cod metabolism and their impact on the ecology of this species were investigated. Limiting oxygen concentration curves (O-2 level ranging between 15 and 100% air saturation) were established at 2, 5 and 10 degreesC. The standard metabolic rate (SMR), the maximum metabolic rate and the metabolic score were then modelled as functions of temperature and/or oxygen saturation. The mean SMR at 2, 5 and 10 degreesC were 19.8 +/- 4.9, 30.8 +/- 6.1 and 54.3 +/- 4.1 mg O-2 h(-1) kg(-1). respectively. Between 2 and 5 degreesC, the active metabolic rate of cod almost doubled from 65 to 120 mg O-2 h(-1) kg(-1), to reach 177 mg O-2 h(-1) kg(-1) at 10 degreesC. In terms of metabolic scope (MS), the temperature...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Oxygen; Temperature; Physiological ecology; Metabolism; Atlantic cod.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/publication-428.pdf
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Characteristics of the convergence zone at the eastern edge of the Pacific warm pool ArchiMer
Maes, Christophe; Picaut, Joël; Kuroda, Yoshifumi; Ando, Kentaro.
The characteristics of the convergence zone at the eastern edge of the equatorial Pacific warm pool are studied using a compilation of in-situ current and salinity measurements during the period 1992-2001. The displacement of the convergence zone is observed, for the first time, as far west as 140degreesE in the far western Pacific, mainly during La Nina periods, and near 140degreesW in the central Pacific during the 1997-98 El Nino. The convergence zone may be associated with a salinity front dividing the fresh waters of the warm pool from the salty waters upwelled in the central equatorial Pacific. Despite a zonal displacement ranging over about one fifth of the equatorial circumference of the earth, the characteristics of the main parameters involved in...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Nino la nina; El nino; Salinity variability; Southern oscillation; Fresh pool; Sea level; Displacements; Temperature; Model; Ocean.
Ano: 2004 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00208/31888/30307.pdf
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Environmental anomalies, energetic reserves and fatty acid modifications in oysters coincide with an exceptional mortality event ArchiMer
Pernet, Fabrice; Barret, Jean; Marty, Claire; Moal, Jeanne; Le Gall, Patrik; Boudry, Pierre.
Mortality of oysters Crassostrea gigas occurred along the coasts of France during summer 2008, causing a serious crisis in French oyster production. During spring to summer 2008, 5 groups of 1-yr old oysters of different origins and ploidy levels deployed in the Thau lagoon (France) were sampled for biometrical and biochemical analyses; environmental parameters were monitored in the same area. Mortality occurred in 2 episodes: 13 May to 10 June and 24 June to 9 July. Wild-collected oysters showed mortality sooner than other groups but total overall mortality was 85% in all groups. Mortality occurred when seawater temperature was >19 degrees C during the reproductive season when energetic reserves of oysters were at their lowest. Energy reserve levels...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Energetic reserve; Environment; Fatty acid; Summer mortality; Trophic signatures; Temperature.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00003/11388/7964.pdf
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Oyster sex determination is influenced by temperature - First clues in spat during first gonadic differentiation and gametogenesis ArchiMer
Santerre, Christelle; Sourdaine, Pascal; Marc, Nicolas; Mingant, Christian; Robert, Rene; Martinez, Anne-sophie.
The sex-determining system of Crassostrea gigas is still poorly known, especially regarding the potential influence of temperature. In order to address this question, mRNA expressions of actors of the molecular cascade (Cg-DMI, Cg-SoxE, Cg-beta-catenin, Cg-Foxl2/Cg-FoxI2os) and of Oyvlg, a germ cell marker, were investigated by real-time PCR in spat grown at different temperatures (18, 22, 25 and 28 degrees C). In parallel, gonadic differentiation, gametogenesis and sex ratios were assessed by histology at each of these temperatures. Whatever the temperature, Cg-DMI, Cg-SoxE, Cg-beta-catenin and Oyvlg expressions peaked at the same developmental stage, always after Cg-Foxl2/Cg-Foxl2os (around 40-44 dpf for spat grown at 18 degrees C). Temperatures...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Oyster spat; Temperature; Sex ratio; TSD; Sex determination pathway.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00136/24767/22874.pdf
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