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| Registros recuperados: 275 | |
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| Gustafson, Cole R.. |
| This article utilizes the Survey of Small Business Finances to compare and contrast trade credit practices of rural small business firms. The results show that these firms borrow money and then re-lend it to others in the form of trade credit. There is a strong direct relationship between various forms of debt held by these firms and their level of accounts receivable (e.g., trade credit extended to customers). The actual level of re-lending varied among firms depending on their adoption level of computers that are used for cash management and credit services. Accounts receivable balances were also dependent on sales levels, costs of doing business, and other income. The most important source of funds for re-lending was obtained from mortgages and... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Trade; Credit; Finance; Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23513 |
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| Vanzetti, David; Nikolic, Aleksandra. |
| Bosnia Herzegovina (BH) is in the process of joining the World Trade Organization in the near future and the European Union in the medium term. As a net agriculture and food importer, accession will require BH to expose some of its inefficient and sensitive agricultural industries, such as meat and dairy products, to international competition. A bilateral trade model is used to estimate the potentially negative impacts of accession on production and trade in several specific sectors. According to the research results, BH imports are estimated to increase, driven by the livestock products sector. Exports are only marginally affected. A drop in overall customs revenues is expected. BH is expected to experience a small reduction in agricultural sector welfare... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Bosnia Herzegovina; WTO accession; Trade; Agricultural tariffs; Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114611 |
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| Tengku Ahmad, Tengku Mohd Ariff. |
| This book analyzes institutional and structural aspects of the effects of trade liberalization on agriculture in Malaysia. The study stresses the analysis of trade-related policies, physical infrastructure, performance in international trade. It discusses such commodities as rice, maize, soybean, wheat, tobacco, palm oil, rubber, cocoa, pepper, saw logs and sawn timber. This book gives readers a general view of trade liberalization in Malaysia. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Trade policies; Trade; Trade liberalization; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32709 |
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| Fabiosa, Jacinto F.. |
| New elasticities were estimated from Indonesia's 1996, 1999, and 2002 National Socio-Economic Survey, or SUSENAS, data using a double-hurdle demand specification. The estimates suggest that major changes in Indonesian household diets are expected in the coming years, as income growth is sustained and as urbanization proceeds at a fast pace. The consumption "trading-up" pattern for animal-protein source products observed in many countries may also occur in Indonesia. In this particular case, households will shift from fish to dairy and meat products. The trade impacts of this emerging consumption pattern will be determined by the cost of adjustment in Indonesia's domestic productive capacity and the influence of the country's predominantly Islamic tradition. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Demand; Household consumption; Trade; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21417 |
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| Fischer, Carolyn; Hoffmann, Sandra A.; Yoshino, Yutaka. |
| We review the legal provisions of the WTO regime that have important implications for national, market-based environmental policies. We evaluate those provisions for their effects on a member country's ability and incentives to design economically efficient environmental policies. International trade institutions do not recognize the polluter pays principle, posing some challenges for unilateral policies addressing cross-border pollutants and leakage. Nor do they recognize the economic equivalence of emission tax and permit regimes, leading to different potential constraints on policy design and leaving some environmental policies open to influence by protectionist motives. As many legality issues have yet to be disputed and resolved, opportunities exist... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Trade; Environment; WTO; GATT; Market-based policies; Environmental Economics and Policy; F1; Q38. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10758 |
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| Diao, Xinshen; Elbasha, Elamin H.; Roe, Terry L.; Yeldan, A. Erinc. |
| An R&D based endogenous growth - applied general equilibrium model is developed from an underlying analytical model which combines Romer's capital variety with Grossman and Helpman's multi-sector open economy model. The transitional dynamics of the analytical model are derived. For numerical implementation, a time discrete empirical model, with an Armington structure, is fit to East Asian data of the social accounting matrix variety. Simulations of trade reform are performed and their static and dynamic effects compared. The transition paths of the state variables are found to have a half-life of five to six periods. A solution of the Social Planner's problem, and interventions which seek to obtain this outcome from the decentralized model are also... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Applied General Equilibrium; Trade; Growth; International Relations/Trade; F11; 031; 041. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7461 |
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| Bureau, Jean-Christophe; Gozlan, Estelle; Marette, Stephan. |
| Focusing on the issue of food safety, we consider a framework of repeated purchases under the scenario of imperfect information on product quality (adverse selection and experience goods). A firm in a northern country can more easily detect tainted products than can a southern one. When imports are banned, the northern firm does not always signal the actual quality of its products. Competition from imports may lead the northern firm to test the quality of its products as a way to differentiate itself from foreign competitors. Consumers benefit from the disclosure of information on quality, even though borders are open to products of uncertain quality. However, competition from imports also increases the cost of signaling high quality. This can be... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Adverse selection; North-south trade; Signaling; Trade; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18636 |
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| Muller, Marc; Wehrheim, Peter. |
| This paper provides an overview of the most recent developments on Russian cereal markets. A review of annual statistics on domestic production, trade, consumption, and storage of cereals reveals that the improvement in Russia’s net trade position cannot only be explained by increased productivity of grain producers. Exhausted storage capacities and lowered real trade costs after the devaluation of the Russian rouble in 1998 seem to have contributed to these developments. A computable general equilibrium model for Russia based on 1999 data was used for analyzing various economic developments and policy changes. The model simulations show that market protection in the short run, when the flexibility of labor and capital is restricted, may benefit Russian... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Russia; Agriculture; Cereals; Trade; General Equilibrium Analysis; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97439 |
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| Haq, Zahoor Ul; Meilke, Karl D.. |
| Using a generalized gravity equation, this study tests for the Linder effect in differentiated agrifood product trade, i.e. as the demand structures of two countries become more similar, their trade intensity increases. Two proxies of demand structure, the Balassa index and the absolute value of the difference in per capita GDPs of trading partners, are used to capture the Linder effect. In addition, two measures of bilateral trade, the Grubel and Lloyed index, and the value of bilateral trade are used as the dependent variable. The study investigates the role of the Linder effect in explaining the trade of 37 differentiated agri-food and beverage products categorized into eight product groups: cereals; fresh fish; frozen fish; vegetables; fresh fruit;... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agri-food; Generalized Gravity Equation; Grubel and Lloyed index; Linder Effect; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46629 |
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| Yu, Bingxin; You, Liangzhi; Fan, Shenggen. |
| The recent surge in food prices around the world may reverse the gains of reducing hunger and poverty in the recent years. This paper employs factor and sequential typology analysis using data for 175 countries to identify groups of countries categorized according to four measures of food security: utilization, availability, accessibility and stability. Nine indicators are used for this study: calories intake, protein intake, fat intake, food production, the ratio of total exports to food imports, soil fertility, length of growing period, coefficient of variation of length of growing period and urbanization. The analysis first identifies 5 distinct food security groups characterized by food intake then further split these groups based on similarities and... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food security; Factor analysis; Agricultural potential; Typology; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; C0; F0; O1. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51043 |
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| Gallo, Anthony E.. |
| The number of new food processing plants rose sharply in 1995. Profitability from food manufacturing and retailing operations (excluding interest expense) continued to increase, reflecting strong sales, wage and producer price stability, and streamlining of operations. The number of mergers and leveraged buyouts fell. New product introductions, consumer advertising expenditures, common stock prices and the positive U.S. balance of trade in processed food reached new highs. This report analyzes and assesses yearly developments in growth, conduct, performance, and structure of the institutions--food processors, wholesalers, retailers, and foodservice firms--that comprise the Nation's food marketing system. Industry growth includes changes in sales for each... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food marketing; Food processors; Wholesalers; Retailers; Foodservice; Advertising; Profitability; Trade; Marketing. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33679 |
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| Registros recuperados: 275 | |
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