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| Fleming, Euan M.; Blowes, Anita. |
| We examine export performance and the factors influencing export growth in ten South Pacific countries, concentrating on the comparative influences of geographic endowments, policies and institutions. The countries under study are Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Niue, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu. Only Fiji, Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands experienced a positive trend in total commodity export values. Agricultural export values grew significantly only in Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands. Most countries experienced growth in non-agricultural commodity export values, albeit from a low base. As a general rule, export performance was superior for countries with richer endowments of natural resources. Geographic... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12949 |
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| Bolling, H. Christine; Somwaru, Agapi; Kruse, Jamie Brown. |
| This study applies the concept of a dynamic dominant-firm oligopoly model to the international soybean market. It has been suggested that the international soybean market should be viewed as an oligopoly among exporting nations. Consistent with Gaskins (1971) dynamic dominant firm model, our results indicate that the current U.S. loan deficiency-payment prices and their predecessors created an environment in which smaller (fringe) exporters could prosper and expand. The reduction of U.S. market share is thus a logical outcome of an "optimally managed decline" a la Gaskins. The study finds U.S. market share to decline at a reducing rate and predicts U.S. market share eventually to stabilize, given the expanding international market for soybeans and... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20698 |
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| Rossi, Paula; Kagatsume, Masaru; Prosperi, Maurizio. |
| Starting in mid 2004 and as a result of an increasing domestic and foreign demand, pressure was put on prices of a staple food in Argentina: beef. The government reacted by launching an aggressive plan to fight inflation which included prices control programs, slaughter restrictions and finally, when these measures were not enough, export bans. But such policies, in any case, are short-run, circumstantial measures that do not attack the root of the problem. When it is true that hadnt had the government intervened in the sector both farm and retail prices would have been higher than what they were, the cost of the intervention has been harmful for the economy and it did not solve the real structural problem. Cattlemen blame the government that the constant... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Argentina; Beef; Inflation; Export ban; Production; Trade.; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7853 |
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| Heboyan, Vahe; Ames, Glenn C.W.; Gunter, Lewell F.; Houston, Jack E.. |
| A side agreement to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) enables Mexico to ship more duty-free sugar to the United States than under the pre-1994 restrictive country-specific, tariff-rate quota (TRQ) policy. But U.S. and Mexican negotiators disagree over the issue of exactly how much sugar Mexico can actually export to the U.S. under the NAFTA side agreement. Disagreement focuses on which version of the NAFTA side agreement governs this issue. The U.S. argues that a 1993 side letter limits Mexican sugar exports to the U.S. to 250,000 MT. In contrast, Mexico insists it is entitled to ship all of its surplus sugar, currently 600,000 MT, to U.S. Consequently, Mexico has asked for a dispute-settlement panel to resolve the question under NAFTA. Three... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16695 |
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| Cardoso, Rubiane Daniele; Rodrigues, Katia Fabiane; Dahmer, Vanessa de Souza; Shikida, Pery Francisco Assis. |
| This research aimed to evaluate the performance of the external sector in the Brazilian sugar and ethanol industry from 1999 to 2007. Were used two indicators of international trade, the Openness Index (Oi) and External Sector Development Index (SXi). As a corollary, it was found that the degree of openness of trade, in the period, had intermediate levels. The sugar and ethanol industry had several years in high vulnerability, instead, the analysis showed that the industry is looking for a greater presence in international trade, considering that showed an increasing trend in trade volume. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Brazilian sugar and ethanol; Performance indices; International trade; Brazil; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94838 |
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| Thor, Eric P.; Evtuhovici, Rodica. |
| The FTAA (Free Trade Area of the Americas) will bring together 35 countries with five different languages and over 300 ethnic and cultural groups. As trade, cultural discourse, and other joint efforts develop between countries, private organizations, public entities and individuals, many disputes will arise. In a few countries, the rule of law can solve these disputes effectively. In most others, the rule of law cannot work because of political, social or even criminal events. As NAFTA showed, developing a successful and efficient dispute resolution mechanism is an important component of developing a successful working relationship of the agreement among all the parties and countries. Other Trade Agreements including NAFTA and WTO have found that the... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34339 |
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| Abdalla, Ali; Rodriguez, Gil; Heaney, Anna. |
| The global push toward free trade and the consequent rise in volume of imports from a wider range of countries incurs the likelihood of introducing unwanted pathogens. Given that a zero-risk quarantine policy is not possible, there are tradeoffs between the gains from international trade and the potential costs to society of disease incursions. The aim in this paper is to demonstrate a means for choosing among alternative import protocols through an economic model. The economic modeling approach applied to a stylised set of import protocols was a two step process. First, the gains and losses to consumers and producers, including costs of disease, were estimated for each import protocol. In the second step, three decision rules — minimax, minimin and... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123752 |
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| Tweeten, Luther G.. |
| I have contended for some years that the principal economic problem facing commercial agriculture is instability (Tweeten 1989, p.30). Instability potentially threatens not only farmers' financial viability but also consumers' food security, given the desire for stable food consumption in the face of production destabilized by man and nature. Some observers expect instability to be a more pressing food security problem because of global farm policy liberalization (see Johnston and Schertz, p.24; for an alternative view see Collins and Glauber). Trade policy and farm commodity policy are inextricably linked. This paper recognizes that both types of policies are causes and cures for economic instability. The paper begins with an examination of the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28330 |
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| Gray, Richard S.. |
| This paper examines the larger economic forces that shape multilateral trade agreements and concludes that further WTO trade reform in the grain and oilseed sectors will be difficult to achieve. The somewhat successful Uruguay Round had budget and internal reform pressure to assist the process. The United States currently has large budget surpluses, and efficiency effects from policy reform following the Uruguay Round have reduced the possible gains from further domestic reform. Without these pressures, further negotiated reform in the grain and oilseed sectors is a remote possibility. On the other hand, there are good prospects for a multilateral environmental agreement on climate change. Ratification of a climate change agreement could have a large... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Carbon sequestration; Food security; Grain; Kyoto Accord; Oilseed; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23856 |
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| Matoti, Bongiswa; Vink, Nick; Bienabe, Estelle. |
| The rise of supermarkets, together with large-scale food manufacturers, has deeply transformed agri-food markets in many countries. This expansion has been evident in South Africa as well. Increasing attention has been and is being paid to the growth of supermarkets in countries outside of North America and Europe. Numerous studies have been carried out in developing countries, including South Africa. However, these studies, while identifying the growth of supermarkets and the changes in supply chains, notably downstream, that have been caused by this growth, have made relatively little progress in documenting the impacts at producer level and in identifying issues that need to be addressed. There is a special need for studies on how farmers and supporting... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52098 |
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| Amanor-Boadu, Vincent; Hobbs, Jill E.; Kruja, Zana; Martin, Larry J.. |
| The Next Round of multilateral trade negotiations under the World Trade Organization is set to begin towards the end of 1999. This study was initiated to inform, substantiate and aid the development of industry and government negotiation positions for the Round. It was sponsored by Agricore, Alberta Agriculture and Food Council, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Alberta Intergovernmental and Aboriginal Affairs, the Alberta Sugar Beet Growers, the Canadian Dehydrators Association, the Canadian Oilseed Processors Association, and the Potato Growers of Alberta. Its overall objective was to quantify the net benefits from agricultural trade liberalization in the Next Round of the WTO. The specific objectives may be encapsulated as follows: 1.... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18089 |
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| Cuthbertson, Bron; Marks, Nicki. |
| This paper presents the findings of research on emerging global trends in consumer food preferences with credence attributes. Credence qualities cannot be evaluated in normal use. Instead the assessment of their value requires information sought through the search and experience of a product (Darbi & Karni, 1973). Key trends identified were Health and wellness foods, environmentally sustainable and ethical food production. Key drivers for these trends are corporate social responsibility, media, obesity, technology, an aging population and consumers' environmental attitudes. Conditions to operate in this market are traceability, food safety, trust, accreditation, labeling and branding. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5980 |
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| Registros recuperados: 4.619 | |
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