SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Hussain, Intizar; Marikar, Fuard; Jehangir, Waqar Ahmed.

A study of the enormous differences in agricultural productivity that exist across farms and regions in Pakistan, where, for example, recent farm-level data from Sindh, indicates that irrigated wheat output per hectare varies from 0.5 to 5.4 tons across farms. Looks at the central goal of agricultural policy in the country, viz. improving and sustaining productivity, narrowing the existing productivity gaps, and enhancing resource use efficiencies to meet food requirements of a rapidly growing population.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Irrigated farming; Wheat; Productivity; Performance evaluation; Water management; Cropping systems; Water supply; Soil properties; Models; Pakistan; Lower Indus Basin; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53024

Integrated water-resources management in a river basin context: institutional strategies for improving the productivity of agricultural water management; Proceedings of the Regional Workshop, Malang, Indonesia January 15-19, 2001

Forestry Sequestration of CO2 and Markets for Timber

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Water resource management; River basins; Institutional development; Social aspects; Economic aspects; Water policy; Hydrology; Models; Water allocation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118403

Sedjo, Roger A.; Sohngen, Brent.

Forestry has been considered to have potential in reducing the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide by sequestrating carbon in above-ground timber and below-ground roots and soil. This potential has been noted in the Kyoto Protocol, which identified specific forestry activities for which carbon sequestration credits could be obtained. To date, a few forestry efforts have been undertaken for carbon purposes, but most of these efforts have been on a small scale. Proposals have been under discussion, however, that would result in the creation of very large areas of new forest for the purpose of offsetting some of the additional carbon that is being released into the atmosphere. Concerns are expressed, however, that large-scale sequestration operations...

Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper

Palavras-chave: Carbon; Forests; Sequestration; Leakages; Timber markets; Prices; Models; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q15; Q21; Q23; Q24.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10778

Strategies for Strengthening and Scaling up Community-based Seed Production

Water-resource and land-use issues

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Maize; Agricultural economics; Seed production; Plant breeding; Pollination; Hybrids; Planting date; Models; Small farms; Training programmes; International cooperation; South Africa; Crop Production/Industries; E16; F03.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56181

The Structure of Models: Understanding Theory Reduction and Testing with a Production Example

Calder, Ian R..

This paper reviews perceived notions of the relationships between catchment land use and hydrology and explores whether much of the widely disseminated folklore, so often inextricably linked with issues of land use, is based on myth or reality. Gaps in our knowledge of the underlying processes in relation to land use and hydrology are identified. Our ability to apply this knowledge at different scales ranging from the plot to the catchment and regional scales are discussed and specific examples are drawn from Indian and African case studies. Methods for linking spatially distributed land-use hydrological models with economics and ecology through decision support systems are outlined and proposed as a framework for the integrated management of land and...

Tipo: Book

Palavras-chave: Water resource management; Water use; Case studies; Catchment areas; Land use; Hydrology; Models; Evaporation; Soil moisture; Decision support tools; Runoff; Flow; Forestry; Deforestation; Erosion; Rain; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113610

Institutions, impact synergies and food security: a methodology with results from the Kala Oya Basin, Sri Lanka

Davis, George C..

The language of economics is the language of models. Understanding the structure of this language offers many benefits. Unfortunately, the structure is ubiquitous in implementation but absent in documentation. This paper documents the structure of models in the context of the theory reduction and testing process. The structure is used to explain why there are several legitimate ways to deal with nonspherical errors in econometric models and why the recent work on stochastic preferences and technologies is a progressive step forward for the discipline. A production modeling exercise is presented to help illuminate the concepts.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Methodology; Models; Theory reduction; Theory testing; Venn diagrams; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31142

Saleth, Rathinasamy Maria; Dinar, Ariel; Neubert, Susanne; Kamaiah, Bandi; Manoharan, Seenithamby; Abayawardana, Sarath; Ariyaratne, Badugodahewa Ranjith; de Silva, Shyamalie.

The success of development programs depends on the role of underlying institutions and the impact synergies from closely related programs. Existing literature has limitations in accounting for these critical factors. This paper fills this gap by developing a methodology, which can quantify both the institutional roles in impact generation and the impact synergies from related programs. The methodology is applied to the Kala Oya Basin in Sri Lanka for evaluating the impacts of three development programs and 11 institutions on food security. The results provide valuable insights on the relative roles of institutions and the varying flow of impact synergies both within and across impact pathways.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Institutional development; Development plans; Development policy; Impact assessment; River basins; Food security; Models; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44521

Response of laying hens to methionine + cystine intake by dilution technique

R. Bras. Zootec.

Bendezu,Hilda Cristina Palma; Sakomura,Nilva Kazue; Hauschild,Luciano; Silva,Edney Pereira da; Dorigam,Juliano Cesar de Paula; Malheiros,Euclides Braga; Fernandes,João Batista Kochenborger.

The objective of this study was to measure the response of Dekalb White laying hens to different intakes of digestible methionine + cystine (met+cys) to optimise their performance. Two hundred eighty-eight Dekalb White laying hens, ranging in age from 33 to 48 weeks, were used in the study. The birds were randomly allocated into eight treatment (levels of met+cys and the control treatment) groups with six replicates of six hens per unit. The experimental diets consisted of seven increasing levels of met+cys (1.37, 2.75, 4.14, 5.51, 6.89, 7.92 and 8.95 g kg−1) and were prepared using a dilution technique. A control treatment was used to confirm that the limiting response was due to met+cys intake. Egg production, feed intake, egg weight, egg mass and feed...

Sample size and prediction of weight and yield of individual cuts from Braford steers pistol hindquarters

Palavras-chave: Broken Line; Dose-response; Models; Requirement; Statistic.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982015000100015

Scientia Agricola

Cardoso,Leandro Lunardini; Tarouco,Jaime Urdapilleta; MacNeil,Michael D.; Lobato,José Fernando Piva; Dambrós,Mara Célia; Freitas,Aline Kellermann de; Devincenzi,Thais; Feijó,Fernanda Dorneles; Cardoso,Fernando Flores.

ABSTRACT Two hundred seventeen grass-finished Braford steers were assessed by ultrasonic scanning and subsequently harvested with their pistol hindquarters fabricated into boneless wholesale cuts. The Longissimus thoracis muscle area and subcutaneous fat depths were measured. The objectives of this study were: 1) to develop prediction equations for weights of the pistol hindquarter and high-value commercial cuts, and 2) to estimate sample size needed for experiments comparing pistol hindquarter retail product weight using either physically or ultrasonically measured carcass traits. Carcass measurements explained 44 % to 94 % of the variation in weights of individual cuts, whereas, measurements that were made using ultrasound explained 42 % to 90 % of the...

Sequential path analysis: what does "sequential" mean?

Palavras-chave: Cattle; Carcass; Models; Ultrasound.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162020000400401

Scientia Agricola

Kozak,Marcin; Azevedo,Ricardo Antunes.

Studying relationships among plant and crop traits is crucial for crop scientists to understand complex biological systems that occur in plants and the field. Such knowledge constitutes the basis for more practical information on how to manage breeding and production to provide better or more suitable cultivars, higher yields, lower yield gaps, and resistance to pests etc. To acquire such knowledge, however, representative models of associations between plant and crop traits must be constructed. In path analysis - one of the major methods for analyzing multivariate relationships between quantitative traits - it is important to decide on an appropriate model for these associations, a model that is representative of the corresponding biological phenomena...

Development of a functional approach in a grassland vegetation - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v30i2.4679

Palavras-chave: Interpretation; Relationships; Models; Statistics.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162014000600012

Animal Sciences

Sosinski Junior, Enio Egon; UFRGS; Carrère, Pascal; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Louault, Frédérique; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Soussana, Jean-François; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique.

To improve our understanding of grassland dynamics under different levels of utilization, a functional description of the vegetation was introduced in a deterministic model. The selected traits and their parameterization were based on the results of a long-term experiment in which temperate grasslands were managed for 12 years with three levels of herbage use: high, medium and low. The integration of functional attributes of the community species within the model’s parameters can be seen as a new step in the study of the grassland ecosystem. With this tool, it is possible to decrease the number of interconnections in the system and consequently decrease the complexity. In this work a, functional definition of three different grassland communities was...

Palavras-chave: 5.04.04.00-8 Pastagem e Forragicultura extensification; Grassland vegetation; Models; Simulation; Functional attributes; Vegetation communities..

Ano: 2008

URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/4679

Post-fire regeneration of vegetation on sandy oligotrophic soil, in Itabaiana, Sergipe, Brazil

Biological Sciences

Dantas, Túlio Vinicius Paes; Ribeiro, Adauto de Souza; Sampaio, Everardo Valadares de Sá Barretto; Araújo, Elcida de Lima.

Two models of post-disturbance regeneration of vegetation in areas of oligotrophic soils have been proposed for temperate regions. The first model is characterized by rapid recovery of the floristic composition, due to the fire resistance of plants; while in the second model, the fire causes extensive mortality and the recovery occurs by recruitment from the seed bank. Since these models have been rarely tested in tropical oligotrophic environments, we applied them in the analysis of floristic compositions in three areas with different post-fire regeneration times in Sergipe State, Brazil. The regeneration followed the seed bank recruitment model in places of bare ground, with a progressive increase in plant density and changes in the relative abundance...

Thin layer and deep bed drying basic theories and modelling: a review

Palavras-chave: Succession; Disturbance; Burning; Resilience; Models.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciBiolSci/article/view/27587

M, Esther Magdalene Sharon; EP, Banuu Priya; CV, Kavitha Abirami; K, Alagusundaram.

A comprehensive review of the fundamental theories governing the drying process is presented. The development of models of drying of agricultural products for thin layer and deep bed drying are discussed. The factors affecting drying and the biochemical changes which happen during drying are listed. Importance of moisture diffusion and activation energy consumption for modeling and optimizing the drying processes are highlighted.

Determination of Physical and Aerodynamic Characteristics of African Olive (Canarium Schweinfurthii) Nut

Palavras-chave: Drying; Moisture content; Thin layer drying; Deep bed drying; Models.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3494

Obi, Okey Francis; Ijere, Chimuanya Emeka; Okechukwu, Michael Emeka.

This study investigated the physical and aerodynamic properties of African olive (Canarium schweinfurthii) nuts. The nut mass frequency was identified and three fractions of the nut were defined to determine their properties. Generally, it was observed that the physical and aerodynamic characteristics of the nut were significantly influenced by the unit mass. Comparison of means revealed that the mean values of the nut physical and aerodynamic properties were significantly different between fractions at p<0.05 except for the true density. The static angle of repose appeared higher than the dynamic angle of repose for all the nut fractions. The coefficient of static friction of the nut fractions on different material surfaces was highest on plywood and...

Effect of moisture content on engineering properties of sorghum grains

Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering Canarium schweinfurthii nut; Physical properties; Aerodynamics properties; Models.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/4820

Gely, Maria Cristina; Pagano, Ana María.

Moisture constitutes one of the most influential factors in the conservation of sorghum grains during storage due to their relationship with the biological factors that cause postharvest damage, affecting the nutritional and economic values. For this reason it is important to evaluate the effect of moisture content on the physical characteristics of the grain in order to establish the design and operation conditions of the post-harvest processes. Accordingly, the aim of this work is to analyze the dependence on moisture content of physical properties of technological interest for the post-harvest grain sorghum stages.Experimental results show that the moisture significantly affects the properties width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, bulk...

Effect of Oil Content of Sunflower Seeds on the Equilibrium Moisture Relationship and the Safe Storage Condition

Palavras-chave: Post Harvest Grain sorghum Physical properties; Moisture content; Models.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/4145

Maciel, Gisele; de la Torre, Diego; Bartosik, Ricardo; Izquierdo, Natalia; Cendoya, Gabriela.

The adsorption and desorption equilibrium moisture content/equilibrium relative humidity relationships of sunflower seeds with four different oil contents (35.7%, 44.6%, 48.6% and 52.7%) were obtained for temperatures of 8, 15, 25 and 35°C and moisture contents of 6.0%, 8.5%, 11.0%, 13.5%, 16.0% and 18.5%.The goodness of fit of four equilibrium moisture content/equilibrium relative humidity models (Modified Henderson, Modified Chung-Pfost, Modified Halsey and Modified Oswin) were evaluated for each oil content. The Modified Halsey model was the best for predicting equilibrium moisture content/equilibrium relative humidity relationships based on the Akaike Information Criterion, the Bayesian Information Criterion and estimated residual standard derivation....

Distribution and conservation of Aniba Aubl. (Lauraceae Jussieu) species in Brazil

Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Grain postharvest; Storage Isotherms; Models; Parameters; Sunflower; Oil content; Safe storage moisture content..

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3269

Biota Neotropica

Franciscon,Carlos Henrique; Miranda,Izildinha de Souza.

Abstract: This study conducts a biogeographical review of Aniba in Brazil, including its actual and potential distribution, and a review on the species conservation status. The potential distribution of each Aniba species was modeled using the Brazilian Plants and Fungi Biogeography system, which is interconnected with the SpeciesLink network. A consensus model based on up to five algorithms was used to model the potential distribution of each species. The endemism, conservation status and rarity of each species in Brazil were also analyzed. A total of 3059 records of 30 Brazilian Aniba species were found. In total, 16.1% of the records were excluded because of the lack of valid names, and 53.4% were excluded because of the lack of georeference and name of...

Simple models for the continuous aerobic biodegradation of phenol in a packed bed reactor

Palavras-chave: Amazonian; Atlantic Forest; Endemism; Models; Rarity.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032018000300202

BABT

Gerrard,Andrew Mark; Páca Júnior,Jan; Kostecková,Alena; Páca,Jan; Stiborová,Marie; Soccol,Carlos Ricardo.

This paper proposes the use of a preliminary, phenol removal step to reduce peak loads arriving at a conventional effluent plant. A packed bed reactor (PBR) using polyurethane foam, porous glass and also cocoa fibres as the inert support material was used. Experiments have been carried out where the flow-rates, plus inlet and outlet phenol concentrations were measured. A simple, plug-flow model is proposed to represent the results. Zero, first order, Monod and inhibited kinetics rate equations were evaluated. It was found that the Monod model gave the best fit to the experimental data and allowed linear graphs to be plotted. The Monod saturation constant, K, is approximately 50 g m-3, and ka is around 900 s-1.

Modelling and Optimisation of Stabilisation Ponds System for the Treatment of Swine Wastes: organic Matter Evaluation

Palavras-chave: Biodegradation; Phenol; Aerobic reactor; Models.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132006000500018

BABT

Costa,Rejane Helena Ribeiro da; Medri,Waldir.

O modelo de produção adotado na suinocultura brasileira, principalmente na Região Oeste de Santa Catarina, é feita com os animais confinados em pequenas áreas, trazendo como conseqüência grande produção de dejetos. Este é diluído, através do uso de água para a limpeza das baias, aumentando seu volume. Seu lançamento nos cursos dágua da região está comprometendo a qualidade dos mananciais devido a contaminação bacteriológica e poluição por compostos químicos. Dessa forma, há necessidade de processos de tratamento para minimizar os problemas ambientais gerados por essa atividade. As lagoas de estabilização têm sido utilizadas, por apresentar um excelente desempenho quanto à eficiência de remoção da matéria orgânica, dos nutrientes e de coliformes fecais;...