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| Registros recuperados: 210 | |
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| New concepts of governance take account of ambivalence, uncertainty, and distributed power in societal change. They aim for reflexivity regarding the limits of prognostic knowledge and actual control of complex processes of change. Adaptive management and transition management are two examples that evolved from the analysis of social–ecological and sociotechnical systems, respectively. Both feature strategies of collective experimentation and learning. In this paper, we ask how these two designs of reflexive governance consider politics. Based on a framework of different dimensions and levels of politics, we show that they are mainly concerned with problem solving by a focal process, but conflict and asymmetric power relations, as well as the... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Embedding in political context; Governance design; Politics; Reflexive governance; Societal learning; Transition management. |
| Ano: 2011 |
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| Chang, Stephanie E.; University of British Columbia; stephanie.chang@ubc.ca; Stone, Jeremy; University of British Columbia; jeremy@recoveryandrelief.org; Demes, Kyle; University of British Columbia; Simon Fraser University; kyle.demes@gmail.com; Piscitelli, Marina; University of British Columbia; piscitellim@gmail.com. |
| As oil transportation worldwide continues to increase, many communities are at risk of oil spill disasters and must anticipate and prepare for them. Factors that influence oil spill consequences are myriad and range from the biophysical to the social. We provide a summary literature review and overview framework to help communities systematically consider the factors and linkages that would influence consequences of a potential oil spill. The focus is on spills from oil tanker accidents. Drawing primarily on empirical studies of previous oil spill disasters, we focused on several main domains of interest: the oil spill itself, disaster management, the physical marine environment, marine biology, human health, economy, and policy. Key variables that... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Framework; Impacts; Oil spills; Vancouver. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| Adams, Megan S.; Department of Geography, University of Victoria; Raincoast Conservation Foundation; Hakai Beach Institute; megan.s.adams@gmail.com; Carpenter, Jennifer; Heiltsuk Integrated Resource Management Department; jcarpenter2@heiltsuknation.ca; Housty, Jess A.; Qqs Projects Society;; Neasloss, Douglass; Kitasoo/Xai-Xais Integrated Resource Authority; Spirit Bear Research Foundation;; Paquet, Paul C.; Department of Geography, University of Victoria; Raincoast Conservation Foundation; ppaquet@baudoux.ca; Service, Christina; Department of Geography, University of Victoria; Spirit Bear Research Foundation; Hakai Beach Institute; christina.service@gmail.com; Walkus, Jennifer; Wuikinuxv Nation Fisheries;; Darimont, Chris T.; Department of Geography, University of Victoria; Raincoast Conservation Foundation; Hakai Beach Institute; darimont@uvic.ca. |
| Ecological research, especially work related to conservation and resource management, increasingly involves social dimensions. Concurrently, social systems, composed of human communities that have direct cultural connections to local ecology and place, may draw upon environmental research as a component of knowledge. Such research can corroborate local and traditional ecological knowledge and empower its application. Indigenous communities and their interactions with and management of resources in their traditional territories can provide a model of such social-ecological systems. As decision-making agency is shifted increasingly to indigenous governments in Canada, abundant opportunities exist for applied ecological research at the community level.... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Aboriginal; Collaborative research; Community engagement; Ecology; First Nations; Indigenous communities; Natural science; Resource management; Social-ecological systems; Trust. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| van Putten, Ingrid; CSIRO Wealth from Oceans National Research Flagship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; Ingrid.vanputten@csiro.au; Boschetti, Fabio; CSIRO Wealth from Oceans National Research Flagship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; fabio.Boschetti@csiro.au; Fulton, Elizabeth A.; CSIRO Wealth from Oceans National Research Flagship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; beth.fulton@csiro.au; Smith, Anthony D. M.; CSIRO Wealth from Oceans National Research Flagship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; tony.d.smith@csiro.au; Thebaud, Olivier; CSIRO Wealth from Oceans National Research Flagship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; olivier.thebaud@csiro.au. |
| We explored the extent to which (1) individual transferable quotas (ITQs) may lead to changes in environmental stewardship and (2) environmental stewardship may in turn contribute to explain the success or otherwise of ITQs in meeting sustainability objectives. ITQs are an example of incentive-based fisheries management in which fishing rights can be privately owned and traded. ITQs are aimed at resolving the problems created by open-access fisheries. ITQs were proposed to promote economic efficiency, and there is growing empirical evidence that ITQs meet a number of economic and social fisheries management objectives. Even though improved stock status arises as a consequence of the total allowable catch levels implemented together with ITQs, the effect is... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Comanagement; Environmental ethics; Fisheries management; Fishing rights; Stewardship. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| Schneider, Tina; Department of Business Administration, Economics, and Law, Oldenburg University; tina.schneider@uni-oldenburg.de. |
| The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) indicates that vulnerable industries should adapt to the increasing likelihood of extreme weather events along with slowly shifting mean annual temperatures and precipitation patterns, to prevent major damages or periods of inoperability in the future. Most articles in the literature on business management frame organizational adaptation to climate change as a private action. This makes adaptation the sole responsibility of a company, for its sole benefit, and overlooks the fact that some companies provide critical goods and services such a food, water, electricity, and medical care, that are so vital to society that even a short-term setback in operations could put public security at risk. This raises... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Adaptation to climate change; Business; Critical infrastructure; Germany; Public responsibility. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| Walker, Brian H; CSIRO Ecosystem Science, Australia; Brian.Walker@csiro.au; Carpenter, Stephen R; Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin, Madison; srcarpen@wisc.edu; Rockstrom, Johan; Stockholm Resilience Centre, University of Stockholm; johan.rockstrom@sei.se; Peterson, Garry D; Stockholm Resilience Centre, University of Stockholm; garry.peterson@stockholmresilience.su.se. |
| Different uses of the terms "drivers," "variables," and "shocks" cause confusion in the literature and in discussions on the dynamics of ecosystems and social–ecological systems. Three main sources of confusion are unclear definition of the system, unclear definition of the role of people, and confusion between variables and drivers. As a contribution to resolving some of the confusion, we offer one interpretation of how the terms might be used. |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Drivers; Fast variables; Resilience; Shocks; Slow variables; Social– Ecological systems. |
| Ano: 2012 |
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| Dearing, John A.; University of Southampton; j.dearing@soton.ac.uk; Braimoh, Ademola K.; Global Land Project, Sapporo Nodal Office, Hokkaido University; World Bank; abraimoh@glp.hokudai.ac.jp; Reenberg, Anette; Global Land Project, International Project Office, University of Copenhagen; Ar@geogr.ku.dk; Turner, Billie L.; Arizona State University; Billie.L.Turner@asu.edu; van der Leeuw, Sander; Arizona State University; vanderle@asu.edu. |
| The growing awareness about the need to anticipate the future of land systems focuses on how well we understand the interactions between society and environmental processes within a complexity framework. A major barrier to understanding is insufficient attention given to long (multidecadal) temporal perspectives on complex system behavior that can provide insights through both analog and evolutionary approaches. Analogs are useful in generating typologies of generic system behavior, whereas evolutionary assessments provide insight into site-specific system properties. Four dimensions of these properties: (1) trends and trajectories, (2) frequencies, thresholds and alternate steady states, (3) slow and fast processes, and (4) legacies and contingencies, are... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Complex systems; Global Land Project; Land systems; Multidecadal timescales; Resilience; Socioecological systems; Sustainability science. |
| Ano: 2010 |
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| Whaley, Luke; Water Science Institute, Cranfield University; l.whaley@cranfield.ac.uk; Weatherhead, Edward K.; Water Science Institute, Cranfield University; k.weatherhead@cranfield.ac.uk. |
| Scholars of comanagement are faced with a difficult methodological challenge. As comanagement has evolved and diversified it has increasingly merged with the field of adaptive management and related concepts that derive from resilience thinking and complex adaptive systems theory. In addition to earlier considerations of power sharing, institution building, and trust, the adaptive turn in comanagement has brought attention to the process of social learning and a focus on concepts such as scale, self-organization, and system trajectory. At the same time, a number of scholars are calling for a more integrated approach to studying (adaptive) comanagement that is able to situate these normative concepts within a critical understanding of how context and power... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Comanagement; Adaptive comanagement; IAD Framework; Politicized IAD Framework; Methodology; Institutions; Power; Discourse; Resilience. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| Zedler, Joy B; University of Wisconsin-Madison; jbzedler@wisc.edu; Doherty, James M.; University of Wisconsin-Madison; jdohert1@gmail.com; Miller, Nicholas A.; The Nature Conservancy ; nmiller@tnc.org. |
| Policy to guide ecological restoration needs to aim toward minimizing the causes of ecosystem degradation; where causes cannot be eliminated or minimized, policy needs to shift toward accommodating irreversible landscape alterations brought about by climate change, nitrogen deposition, altered hydrology, degraded soil, and declining biodiversity. The degree to which lost diversity and ecosystem services can be recovered depends on the extent and nature of landscape change. For wetlands that occur at the base of watersheds that have been developed for agriculture or urban centers, the inflows of excess water, sediment, and nutrients can be permanent and can severely challenge efforts to restore historical services, including biodiversity support. In such... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive restoration; Conservation of biodiversity; Ecological restoration; Ecosystem services; Landscape alteration; Watershed plan; Wetland. |
| Ano: 2012 |
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| Webster, D.G.; Dartmouth College; D.G.Webster@Dartmouth.Edu. |
| There is a growing consensus that environmental governance is a wicked problem that requires understanding of the many linkages and feedbacks between human and natural systems. Here, I propose an action cycle/structural context (AC/SC) framework that is based on the concept of responsive governance, in which individuals and decision makers respond to problems rather than working to prevent them. By linking agency and structure, the AC/SC framework points out two key problems in the realm of environmental governance: the profit disconnect, whereby economic signals of environmental harm are dampened by endogenous or exogenous forces, and the power disconnect, whereby those who feel the costs of harm are politically marginalized and so have little influence... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Complexity; Environmental governance; Fisheries; Social-ecological systems. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Kok, Kasper; Land Dynamics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Kasper.Kok@wur.nl; Veldkamp, Tom (A.); Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands;. |
| Policies have many unforeseen impacts on social-ecological systems at different levels of spatial and temporal scales. Partly because of this, both scale and governance have been and continue to be hotly debated and studied topics within many scientific disciplines. Although there are two distinct vocabularies, both communities seem to be struggling to come to terms with a shift that has common elements. This special feature has two types of contributions, three scoping papers, providing a state-of-the-art overview of the conceptual discussion, and six case study papers that set out to deal with the practicalities of combining scale and governance. The scoping papers strongly indicate that using the notion of complex systems, specifically the... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Governance; Scale; Social-ecological system. |
| Ano: 2011 |
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| Walkerden, Greg; Macquarie University; gmw@bwassociates.com.au. |
| Adaptive management planning projects use multiparty, multidisciplinary workshops and simulation modeling to facilitate dialogue, negotiation, and planning. However, they have been criticized as a poor medium for conflict resolution. Alternative processes from the conflict resolution tradition, e.g., principled negotiation and sequenced negotiation, address uncertainty and biophysical constraints much less skillfully than does adaptive management. When we evaluate adaptive management planning using conflict resolution practice as a benchmark, we can design better planning procedures. Adaptive management planning procedures emerge that explore system structure, dynamics, and uncertainty, and that also provide a strong negotiation process, grounded in... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Conflict resolution; Crossing; Ecosystem management; Environmental management; Negotiation; Planning; Practice; Principled negotiation; Professional practice; Resource management; Strategic environmental assessment.. |
| Ano: 2006 |
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| Wright Morton, Lois; Department of Sociology, Iowa State University; lwmorton@iastate.edu; Eigenbrode, Sanford D; Department of Plant, Soil and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho; sanforde@uidaho.edu; Martin, Timothy A; University of Florida; tamartin@ufl.edu. |
| Collaborations to address complex societal problems associated with managing human-natural systems often require large teams comprised of scientists from multiple disciplines. For many such problems, large-scale, transdisciplinary projects whose members include scientists, stakeholders, and other professionals are necessary. The success of very large, transdisciplinary projects can be facilitated by attending to the diversity of types of collaboration that inevitably occur within them. As projects progress and evolve, the resulting dynamic collaborative heterogeneity within them constitutes architectures of adaptive integration (AAI). Management that acknowledges this dynamic and fosters and promotes awareness of it within a project can better facilitate... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Architectures of adaptive integration; Collaborative science; Team science. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Registros recuperados: 210 | |
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