SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

SILVA,Francisco Pinheiro da; FADINI,Rodrigo Ferreira.

ABSTRACT One of the problems affecting the quality of urban trees is their infestation by mistletoes (aerial hemiparasite plants of the order Santalales). Identification of the main types of trees infested, and of the causes of infestation patterns, can help infestation control and the planning of efficient planting regimes. In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate the patterns of hemiparasite infestation in trees in an Amazonian urban environment. We aimed to answer (1) which species of mistletoes occur on urban trees in the city of Santarém, in the Brazilian Amazon; (2) what is the proportion and intensity of infestation on infected trees; and (3) if differences in infestation rates among tree species can be explained by mistletoe-tree...

Spatiotemporal mapping of soybean plantations in Rondônia, Western Brazilian Amazon

Palavras-chave: Loranthaceae; Mistletoe; Tree parasites; Urban silviculture.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000400311

COSTA,Olívia Bueno da; MATRICARDI,Eraldo Aparecido Trondoli; PEDLOWSKI,Marcos Antonio; COCHRANE,Mark Alan; FERNANDES,Luiz Cláudio.

ABSTRACT Although soybean production has been increasing in the state of Rondônia in the last decade, soybean planted area has been estimated indirectly using secondary datasets, which has limited understanding of its spatiotemporal distribution patterns. This study aimed to map and analyze spatial patterns of soybean expansion in Rondônia. We developed a classification technique based on Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA) derived from Landsat imagery and Decision Tree Classification to detect and map soybean plantations in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2014. The soybean classification map showed 93% global accuracy, 23% omission and 0% of commission errors for soybean crop fields. The greatest increases of soybean cropped area in the state of Rondônia were observed...

Range extension of Diclidurus scutatus (Chiroptera, Emballonuridae) to southwestern Amazonia

Palavras-chave: Brazilian Amazon; Tropical deforestation; Land-use and land-cover change; Geoprocessing; Agricultural commodities.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000100029

NOVAES,Roberto Leonan Morim; CLÁUDIO,Vinícius Cardoso; KUNIY,Adriana Akemi.

ABSTRACT Diclidurus scutatus is an aerial insectivore bat endemic of South America and considered rare throughout its distribution range. We present the first record of this species in Rondônia State, northern Brazil, expanding its distribution more than 1000 km into southwestern Amazonia. Including this record, D. scutatus is known for 20 localities from eight countries (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela), and two biomes-Amazonia and Atlantic Forest.

Hematological and biochemical responses of pirarucu (Arapaima gigas, Arapaimidae) fed with diets containing a glucomannan product derived from yeast and algae

Palavras-chave: Distribution; Lesser ghost bat; Western Amazon; Rondônia.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000400359

HOSHINO,Maria Danielle Figueiredo Guimarães; MARINHO,Renata das Graças Barbosa; PEREIRA,Diogle Farias; YOSHIOKA,Eliane Tie Oba; TAVARES-DIAS,Marcos; OZORIO,Rodrigo Otavio de Almeida; RODRIGUEZ,Anselmo Fortunato Ruiz; RIBEIRO,Ricardo Amaral; FARIA,Fernando Sérgio Escócio Drummond Viana de.

ABSTRACT The hematological and biochemical responses of pirarucu fingerlings (Arapaima gigas) fed with diets containing different concentrations of a glucomannan product derived from yeast and algae were evaluated in order to ascertain the effect of these diets on fish physiology. Four treatments were conducted, with three replications, with 12 fish in each tank. The product evaluated (MycosorbA+(r)) was incorporated into the commercial diet, at four concentrations: 0, 1, 2 and 4 g.kg-1, called M0%, M0.1%, M0.2% and M0.4%, respectively. After 45 days of feeding, blood samples from six fish in each replicate were collected to perform the analyses. Their weight and length were determined to calculate the condition factor and weight gain, but no differences...

Refractometry as an alternative to the biuret method for measuring total serum proteins in Podocnemis expansa (Podocnemididae) and Phrynops geoffroanus (Chelidae)

Palavras-chave: Chlorella vulgaris; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Leukocytes; Albumin.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000200087

PESSOA,Lourdes Marina Bezerra; LIMA,Maíra Gonçalves da Mota; CARNEIRO,Filipe Tavares; ZANANI,Nathalia Salgado; SCALON,Marcela Corrêa; SILVA,Thamiris Figueiredo; LIMA,Mariana Accioly; ABRAHIM,Maia Araújo; PALUDO,Giane Regina.

ABSTRACT Total serum protein is a significant indicator of health condition in animals. The aim of this study was to analyze the precision of the portable refractometer in determining the concentration of total serum proteins in Podocnemis expansa and Phrynops geoffroanus. A total of 26 animals were used. The blood samples were collected from the supraoccipital sinus and stored in tubes without anticoagulant. Total serum protein was determined using both the biuret reaction and refractometry. The total serum protein mean concentration (g dL-1) with biuret method and refractometry for P. expansa were 3.16 and 3.2; and for P. geoffroanus were 3.56 and 2.72, respectively. These results indicate that total serum protein values can be determined with precision...

Genotype selection and addition of fertilizer increases grain yield in upland rice in Suriname

Palavras-chave: Biuret method; Refractometry; Podocnemis expansa; Phrynops geoffroanus.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000100083

NASCENTE,Adriano Stephan; KROMOCARDI,Ruby.

ABSTRACT The upland rice farmers in Suriname use local varieties and low level technologies in the field. As a result, the upland rice grain yield is low, at about 1 000 kg ha-1. Our objective was to evaluate the use of upland rice cultivars from Suriname and Brazil, and the effect of nitrogen, N, phosphorus, P, and potassium, K, fertilizers on cultivation variables. We undertook four field trials in the Victoria Area, in the Brokopondo District, using a randomized block design each with four replications. The most productive rice varieties were BRS Esmeralda (grain yield 2 903 kg ha-1) and BRS Sertaneja (2 802 kg ha-1). The highest grain yield of 2 620 kg ha-1 was achieved with a top dressing application of 76.41 kg N ha-1 20 days after sowing. For P, the...

Population and development in the Amazon: A longitudinal study of migrant settlers in the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon

Palavras-chave: Oryza sativa L.; Rice varieties; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Potassium.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000300185

SELLERS,Samuel; BILSBORROW,Richard; SALINAS,Victoria; MENA,Carlos.

ABSTRACT This paper examines changes over time for a full generation of migrant settlers in the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon (NEA). Data were collected from a 2014 household survey covering a subsample of households surveyed previously in 1990 and 1999. We observed changes in demographic behavior, land use, forest cover, and living conditions. As the frontier develops, human fertility is continuing to decline with contraceptive prevalence rising. Meanwhile, out-migration from colonist households, largely to destinations within the region, persists. More households have secure land tenure than in 1999, and are better off as measured by possession of assets. There is continued growth in pasture, largely at the expense of forest. Farms still serve as an...

Home range and habitat use by pacas in a montane tropical forest in Bolivia

Palavras-chave: Family planning; Deforestation; Livelihoods; Migration.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000400321

BENAVIDES,Camila; ARCE,Alejandro; PACHECO,Luis F..

ABSTRACT We studied the home range and habitat use of paca (Cuniculus paca) in a rural agricultural community in the Alto Beni region, in La Paz department, Bolivia, where game meat is the main source of protein for a large portion of local inhabitants. We captured and radio collared five individual paca (4 females and 1 male), which were followed for six months in 2012 to estimate home range of the individuals and assess their habitat use and selection. The total mean home range (95% Minimum Convex Polygon) was 2.26 ha (SD = 0.80), and ranged from 1.5 to 2.96 ha. The mean female home range (2.04 ha) was smaller than the male´s (2.95 ha). Pacas used two (crops and fallows) of the three available habitats (secondary forest patches), and appeared to...

Temporal progress of teak rust in a tropical area of Tocantins State, Brazil

Palavras-chave: Space use; Radiotelemetry; Alto Beni; Cacao; Agroforestry.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000300227

SALES,Nathana Izabela Silva; LEÃO,Evelynne Urzêdo; CORREIA,Lucas Caius Moreira do Amaral; SIQUEIRA,Chrystian de Assis; SANTOS,Gil Rodrigues dos.

ABSTRACT Rust, caused by Olivea neotectonae, stands out as the main teak disease, causing premature defoliation regardless of the tree’s growth stage. In this study, we aimed to assess the temporal progress of rust in adult teak plants in southern Tocantins State (Brazil). Both rust incidence and severity were evaluated and the disease progress curves were obtained, adjusting to monomolecular, logistic and Gompertz mathematical models. Data from incidence and severity were correlated with climate variables collected by the agrometeorological station located in the study area. Rust incidence reached 100% at 98 days after beginning of the evaluations (DBE). The highest severity (equal or above 75%) was observed at 147 DBE. There was a significant and...

Disentangling structural patterns of natural forest fragments in a savanna matrix in the eastern Brazilian Amazon

Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Tectona grandis; Olivea neotectonae.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000300277

AMARAL,Iêda Leão do; MAGNUSSON,William Ernest; MATOS,Francisca Dionízia de Almeida; ALBERNAZ,Ana Luisa K.; FEITOSA,Yuri Oliveira; GUILLAUMET,Jean-Louis.

ABSTRACT Natural fragments are an important source of richness for the management and conservation of a local flora. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fragmentation on the structure and composition of the plant communities of forest fragments (FF) in Alter do Chão, eastern Brazilian Amazonia. The study sample consisted of 25 FF and nine continuous forest (CF) sites. We compared plant density and species richness between site categories by t-tests, analyzed the differences in composition by cluster analysis, and assessed the effect of fragment size and distance to CF on the basal area and diameter of FF assemblages by linear regression. Individual trees and shrubs with DBH ≥1.27 cm were measured in 2x250 m plots. 17,078 individuals...

Parasitic diversity of a wild Satanoperca jurupari population, an ornamental cichlid in the Brazilian Amazon

Palavras-chave: Bray-Curtis; Cluster analysis; Diameter structure; Small trees.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000200111

TAVARES-DIAS,Marcos; OLIVEIRA,Marcos Sidney Brito; GONÇALVES,Raissa Alves; NEVES,Lígia Rigor.

ABSTRACT Assessment of biodiversity is fundamental for the understanding of ecological interactions, but fish parasites were neglected in biodiversity estimates for a long time. The aim of this paper was to investigate the diversity of parasites in Satanoperca jurupari in the Amazon River system in Brazil. Of the fish examined, 90.0% were parasitized by one or more species of protozoans and metazoans, and a total of 3,110,094 parasites were collected. Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Piscinoodinium pillulare, Sciadicleithum juruparii, Clinostomum marginatum, Posthodiplostomum sp., Genarchella genarchella, Argulus multicolor and Ergasilus coatiarus were found. However, I. multifiliis and P. pillulare were the most prevalent, abundant and dominant parasites,...

Morphoanatomy and histochemistry analyses of cassava roots do not discriminate resistant from susceptible genotypes to soft root rot

Palavras-chave: Aggregation; Cichlidae; Freshwater fish; Parasites.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000200155

SILVA,Jonny Lucio Sousa; MOURA,Elisa Ferreira; ILKIU-BORGES,Fernanda; GALVÃO,Jessivaldo Rodrigues; FARIAS-NETO,João Tomé de; SILVA,Gisele Barata da; RÊGO,Marcela Cristiane Ferreira; CUNHA,Roberto Lisboa.

ABSTRACT Cassava is an important culture in Brazil and in the North of the country, and soft root rot has affected root production. The aim of this work was to identify root morphoanatomic and histochemical characters associated with root rot resistance. In areas with no occurrence of the disease, nine cassava genotypes were tested, four of which were resistant, and five were susceptible to root rot. Root harvest was carried out twelve months after sowing, and thickness of suber, suber and cortex, and secondary xylem were measured. Moreover, texture, suber cell layers, lignin content, and lignin monomers content of the portion suber and cortex were analyzed. Also, histochemical tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses of the roots were...

Molecular characterization of progenies of bacurizeiro ( Platonia insignis ) from Marajó Island, northeastern Amazon

Palavras-chave: Anatomy; Morphological characterization; Genetic breeding; Manihot esculenta.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000100001

PONTES,Lígia Cristine Gonçalves; MOURA,Elisa Ferreira; MOURA,Mônika Fecury; RODRIGUES,Simone de Miranda; OLIVEIRA,Maria do Socorro Padilha de; CARVALHO,José Edmar Urano de; THERRIER,Josette.

ABSTRACT The bacurizeiro (Platonia insignis Mart.) is a tree native to the Amazon whose fruit is much used in the gastronomy in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil. Due to its great economic potential for these regions, the species is being conserved in germplasm banks to support genetic breeding programs. The aim of this work was the molecular characterization of P. insignis accessions belonging to the germplasm bank of the Embrapa Eastern Amazon research unit using ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) markers. Seventy-eight accessions of P. insignis belonging to 16 progenies were sampled in two different localities on Marajó Island, state of Pará, Brazil. Among the 16 progenies, seven were collected in Soure and nine in Salvaterra. The 78 accessions...

New records on the use of man-made constructions as diurnal roosts by bats from the southern Amazon in central Brazil

Palavras-chave: Genetic diversity; Germplasm bank; Clusiaceae.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000400293

LIMA,Camila S.; VARZINCZAK,Luiz H.; OLIVEIRA,Rafael de; PASSOS,Fernando C..

ABSTRACT Roosts are a key part of bat species' life stories. Information on roost use enables us to understand the biological processes underlying bat ecology and is crucial with regard to the natural-roost loss and environmental pressures related to habitat destruction that has been considered as a threat affecting bat conservation. The aim of this study was to collect new data on the diurnal artificial-roost use by bats in a landscape from the southern Amazon. We observed bat species roosting at an abandoned house in a highly fragmented ecotone between the Amazon and Cerrado biomes. We observed one Trachops cirrhosus individual roosting in physical contact with one Phyllostomus hastatus. One year later, we noticed a compositional change at this roost, in...

Analysis of soybean cropland expansion in the southern Brazilian Amazon and its relation to economic drivers

Palavras-chave: Trachops cirrhosus; Phyllostomus hastatus; Pteronotus parnelli; Roosting behavior.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000100079

GUSSO,Anibal; DUCATI,Jorge Ricardo; BORTOLOTTO,Virindiana Colet.

ABSTRACT The agricultural dynamics of soybean expansion have long been recognized as a major driver of excessive land cover change on the southwestern border of the Brazilian Amazon. The hypothesis that the soybean market exerts an influence on land use was investigated by the association between economic indicators and soybean crop dynamics in the state of Mato Grosso (western Brazil). We integrated a historical series of satellite data of soybean cropland expansion and the two main economic variables (selling prices and production costs) for soybean in Mato Grosso. We focused on the relation between profit (the difference between the average soybean price and production costs) and land-use transition to soybean from 2001 to 2013. The spatially explicit...

Passalid (Insecta: Coleoptera: Passalidae) collected from trunks of Scleronema micranthum (Malvaceae)

Palavras-chave: Land use; Agriculture; Soybean mapping; Amazon biome.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000400281

ABREU,Raimunda Liege Souza de; RONCHI-TELES,Beatriz; VIANEZ,Bazilio Frasco; FONSECA,Claudio Ruy Vasconcelos da; GOUVEIA,Fernando Bernardo Pinto; SILVA,Ediene Borges da.

ABSTRACT Some beetles can attack the wood immediately after the tree is felled, but there are those that start their attack at different stages of wood degradation. Beetles of the family Passalidae belong to this latest category. The objective of this study was to assess the occurrence of beetles of this family in wood samples taken from trunks of Scleronema micranthum, a forest species from Central Amazon. The samples were exposed to biodegradation for 24 months on the forest ground of the Experimental Station of Tropical Silviculture of the National Institute for Amazonian Research, in Manaus, Amazon State, Brazil. During that period, 15 samples were removed from the experiment, every two months, for insect collection and evaluation of infestation. The...

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization and compatibility among genotypes to select elite clones of cupuassu

Palavras-chave: Amazon wood; Beetle; Passalidae; Degradation.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000100071

ALVES,Rafael Moysés; SILVA,Carlos Rogério de Sousa; ALBUQUERQUE,Paulo Sérgio Bevilaqua de; SANTOS,Vinicius Silva dos.

ABSTRACT The expansion of the genetic base of cultivated materials is an ongoing activity of the cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) breeding program. However, the parents involved need to be genotypically and phenotypically characterized to ensure compatibility of crossings, as well as to assist in the selection of more promising individuals for hybridization. This study aimed to identify and select T. grandiflorum clones that are compatible and genetically divergent using tools such as the estimates of genotypic, phenotypic, and combined distances, as well as the compatibility rates among clones. The genetic distance analysis of the clones was performed with 14 heterologous microsatellite primers of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) that amplify the DNA of cupuassu....

Couple formation and spawning between two female Discus Fish (Symphysodon aequifasciatus - Cichlidae) in captivity

Palavras-chave: Microsatellites; Tropical fruit; Diversity; Plant breeding; Theobroma grandiflorum.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000300175

MATTOS,Douglas da Cruz; SCRENCI-RIBEIRO,Rafaela; CARDOSO,Leonardo Demier; JUNIOR,Manuel Vazquez Vidal.

ABSTRACT In an experiment performed to characterize the reproductive behavior of the discus fish in captivity, couple formation with two females was observed. The observations were carried out in captivity, based on ad libitum methodology. Adult individuals were allowed to naturally form couples. The couple formation was considered when individuals performed the substrate cleaning behavior. Fifteen couples were selected. The eggs of three couples did not initiate embryonic development and became infeasible within three days after spawning. We found that these spawnings belonged to all-female couples. The sex of the individuals in same-sex couples was confirmed through subsequent couple formation and spawning of fertile eggs with known males. Eggs were...

Supplementary taxonomic description of Demidospermus pinirampi (Monogenoidea, Dactylogyridae), with a new host record and an expansion of its distribution range

Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Behavior; Aquaculture; Amazonian fish.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000200167

AGUIAR,Julio Cesar Cenci de; BUENO,Glauco Baptista Franco; SANTOS,Sonia Maria Cursino dos; ADRIANO,Edson Aparecido.

ABSTRACT During a survey conducted in the Lajeado Reservoir of the Tocantins River, in the state of Tocantins, Brazil, dactylogyrids were recovered from the gills of Pimelodina flavipinnis. Initial morphological analysis showed these dactylogyrids shared aspects of character with species of Demidospermus, with affinity to Demidospermus pinirampi, despite exhibiting differences with the original description by Kritsky et al. (1987) regarding the vagina, the base of the male copulatory organ and the shape and length of the bars. The analysis of the holotypes of D. pinirampi and its most morphologically close species, Demidospermus luckyi, revealed that these dactylogyrids were indeed D. pinirampi. This study therefore reports a new host and locality of...

Bat necrophagy by a whip-spider (Arachnida, Amblypygi, Phrynidae) in a cave in the eastern Brazilian Amazon

Palavras-chave: South America; Tocantins; Morphology; Parasite; Pimelodidae.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000400355

PROUS,Xavier; PIETROBON,Thadeu; RIBEIRO,Mariane S.; ZAMPAULO,Robson de A..

ABSTRACT Amblypygids are among the main predators in the ferriferous caves in Carajás National Forest, state of Pará (Amazon region of Brazil). One of the most common amblypygid species in this region is Heterophrynus longicornis (Butler 1873), and its most frequent prey are crickets of the family Phalangopsidae, which are abundant in the caves of Pará. Because they are primarily predators, necrophagy by amblypygids is not frequent in nature, and there are only two literature records of necrophagy of bats by Amblypygi. On December 11th, 2013, we observed an individual H. longicornis eating a bat carcass in a Pará ferriferous cave. The amblypygid exhibited considerable interest in the bat’s carcass, and it did not interrupt its meal even when lamps or a...