SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Nogui,Fábio Luís Nascimento; Mattas,Sandro; Turcato Júnior,Gilberto; Lewi,David Salomão.

Encephalitis caused by Toxoplasma gondii is the most common cause of central nervous system damage in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Toxoplasma may infect any of the brain cells, thus leading to non-specific neurotoxoplasmosis clinical manifestations including focused or non-focused signs and symptoms of central nervous system malfunction. Clinical development ranges from insidious display during weeks to experiencing acute general confusion or ultimately fatal onset. Cerebral toxoplasmosis occurs in advanced stages of immunodeficiency, and the absence of anti-toxoplasmosis antibodies by the immunofluorescence method does not allow us to rule out its diagnosis. As specific therapy begins, diagnosis confirmation is sought through...

Assessment of the effectiveness of a home-based care program for patients coinfected with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus after discharge from a reference hospital in South-Eastern Brazil

Palavras-chave: AIDS; Cerebral toxoplasmosis; Real time polymerase chain reaction.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702009000100006

Bento,Carlos Alessandro Plá; Pedroso,Enio Roberto Pietra.

The effectiveness of tuberculosis treatment delivered by a home-based care program to patients coinfected with HIV was compared with that of a service provided by outpatient departments. A retrospective study was made of a cohort of coinfected patients discharged from hospital between January 1998 and December 2002 who had been followed-up for one year within one of these programs. Two-hundred-and-forty-three patients who met the inclusion criteria were grouped according to their treatment program (group 1 received home-based care; group 2 attended outpatient departments) and then paired one-to-one across the groups by gender, age and level of education. Only 48 patients from each group could be paired. Apart from the duration of HIV infection, there were...

Vaccination coverage in a cohort of HIV-infected patients receiving care at an AIDS outpatient clinic in Espírito Santo, Brazil

Palavras-chave: AIDS; Tuberculosis; Treatment outcome; Adherence to treatment; Home-based care.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000600008

Pinto Neto,Lauro Ferreira da Silva; Vieira,Julia Vescovi; Ronchi,Nathália Rossoni.

Abstract This cross-sectional study assessed the immunization status of human immune deficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients receiving care at an outpatient clinic in Brazil. The sociodemographic characteristics, CD4 count and HIV viral load of 281 out of 612 adult outpatients were analyzed. A total of 331 patients were excluded because of no availability of vaccination cards. Chi-square or Fisher's exact test were used. Immunization coverage was higher for diphtheria/tetanus (59.79%) and hepatitis B (56.7%), and lowest for hepatitis A (6.8%) and for meningococcal group C (6%). Only 11.74% of the patients had received the influenza virus vaccine yearly since their HIV-infection diagnosis. No vaccination against influenza (p < 0.034) or hepatitis B (p...

Measles in children with HIV infection: report of five cases

Palavras-chave: HIV; AIDS; Vaccination; Immunization coverage; Immunosuppressed.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702017000500515

Carvalho,Vânia de; Marinoni,Leide Parolin; Martins,Luzilma Flenick; Taniguchi,Kerstin; Cruz,Cristina Rodrigues da; Bertogna,Jeanine; Fillus Neto,José.

Patients with AIDS have a high incidence of skin problems due to the immunosuppression and malnourishment that are inherent to the progression of this disease. Clinical manifestation of these skin lesions and their severity are different in AIDS patients. We made a prospective study of five cases of measles in children with HIV infection during a community outbreak, and there were typical as well as atypical forms of the disease, including one case with negative serology. There were pulmonary complications, but none of the patients died. The anti-retroviral treatment may have contributed to the decrease in measles morbidity in these pediatric AIDS patients.

Hyperlipidaemia - a risk factor for femoral head osteonecrosis (Legg-Calvè-Perthes-Like disease) in children with AIDS: case report

Palavras-chave: AIDS; Measles; Children.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702003000500010

Aragão,Paula Aguiar de; Lemos,Renata B. P.; Aquino,Maria Zilda; Marques,Heloísa Helena Souza.

Although treatment of children infected with HIV with protease inhibitors has improved the survival of these patients, various adverse side effects have been reported, including metabolic abnormalities, such as hyperlipidaemia. We describe a case of hip osteonecrosis in an adolescent with AIDS who was being treated with protease inhibitors. There is a possible relation with hyperlipidemia. F.M.G., white, 11 years old, AIDS A2, started to receive AZT and DDI when he was 7 years old. In April 1999, the patient had a significant increase in viral load and so the antiretroviral therapy was switched to d4T, 3TC and Ritonavir. Triglyceride plasma levels reached 460mg/dl after this switch and were always above the reference value. In December 1999, the patient...

Palavras-chave: Hyperlipidaemia; Femoral head osteonecrosis; Children; AIDS.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702002000300008

Carvalho,Bráulio Matias de; Monteiro,André Jalles; Pires Neto,Roberto da Justa; Grangeiro,Thalles Barbosa; Frota,Cristiane Cunha.

Infection with both Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis is currently the world's leading cause of death due to infectious agents. We evaluated factors related to the development of tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected patients who were being treated at an infectious diseases hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. From January 2004 to December 2005, we made an epidemiological study through the analysis of the medical records of 171 patients, who were diagnosed as having both HIV and tuberculosis. Among these co-infected patients, most (81%, p=0.0006) were male. Co-infection was more frequent (87.8%) among patients over 40 years of age and those with lower educational levels (less than eight years of schooling). Forty-one percent of...

Risk behavior score: a practical approach for assessing risk among men who have sex with men in Brazil

Palavras-chave: HIV; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; HIV/TB co-infection; Risk factors; AIDS.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000400005

Rocha,Gustavo Machado; Kerr,Lígia Regina Franco Sansigolo; Kendall,Carl; Guimarães,Mark Drew Crosland.

ABSTRACT HIV/AIDS epidemic is not well controlled, and multiple sexual behavior factors help explain high rates of HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM). This article proposes to exam the use of a potential risk behavior score for HIV infection, based on the type and number of sexual partners, and condom use, and their associated factors in a sample of MSM in Brazil. A cross sectional RDS (Respondent Driven Sampling) study was performed among 3738 MSM aged 18+ years old from ten Brazilian cities. The risk behavior score was composed by the number of male partners and anal condom use in the last year with steady, casual, and commercial partners. Most participants were 25+ years old (58.1%), non-white (83.1%), and single (84.9%). Final weighted...

HLA profile in patients with AIDS and tuberculosis

Palavras-chave: Homosexuals; High-risk sex; Unsafe sex; HIV; AIDS.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702018000200113

Figueiredo,José Fernando de Castro; Rodrigues,Maria de Lourdes Veronese; Deghaide,Neifi Hassam Saloum; Donadi,Eduardo Antonio.

Studies carried out in various populations have reported an association between some HLA specificities and susceptibility to tuberculosis. We investigated the class I and class II HLA profile in Brazilian patients of various ethnic backgrounds who had AIDS and tuberculosis. Twenty-two adult patients with AIDS and tuberculosis (Group I), 103 patients with AIDS without tuberculosis (Group II) and 423 healthy individuals not infected with HIV (Group III) were evaluated. Diagnosis of HIV infection was made by ELISA, confirmed by a gelatin particle agglutination test. Diagnosis of tuberculosis was made based on clinical/radiological presentation and direct bacilloscopy or clinical specimen cultures. Class I antigens were typed by microlymphotoxicity. Class II...

Tuberculosis and AIDS co-morbidity in Brazil: linkage of the tuberculosis and AIDS databases

Palavras-chave: AIDS; Tuberculosis; Host genetic factors; HLA.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000400004

Miranda,Angelica Espinosa; Golub,Jonathan E.; Lucena,Francisca de Fátima; Maciel,Ethel Noia; Gurgel,Maria de Fátima; Dietze,Reynaldo.

This study evaluated differences in AIDS patients with and without tuberculosis (TB) in Espírito Santo State, Brazil. Standard regional AIDS (SINAN, SISCEL, SICLOM and SIM) and tuberculosis (SINAN) databases were used. TB and AIDS databases were linked using Reclink software, version 3, with SPSS software support to identify co-infected cases. Data from July 2000 to June 2006 in Espírito Santo State were linked. The results showed 3,523 adult AIDS cases and 9,958 adult TB cases resulted in 430 co-infected patients, who were compared to 1,290 AIDS patients who never developed TB. Among 430 co-infected patients, TB was diagnosed first in 223 (51.9%), AIDS was first in 44 (10.2%), and AIDS and TB were diagnosed concurrently in 163 (37.9%). Median age did not...

Compliance to antiretroviral medication as reported by AIDS patients assisted at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul

Palavras-chave: AIDS; Tuberculosis; Co-infection; Secondary data.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702009000200013

Monreal,Maria Tereza Ferreira Duenhas; Cunha,Rivaldo Venâncio da; Trinca,Luzia Aparecida.

Compliance to antiretroviral medication is a problem for AIDS patients. Compliance can be influenced by the characteristics of the therapeutic program, by the health guidance professionals, by the patient, and by society in general. A group of 139 Brazilian AIDS patients from the Infectious-Parasitic Diseases day clinic at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul were interviewed from September 27, 1999 to January 21, 2000. We identified and evaluated the frequency of noncompliance to antiretroviral medication, as well as the associated motives. Those who ingested 80%, or more, of prescribed dosages during the week previous to the interview were considered compliant. Among the patients interviewed, 70% mentioned loss or...

Subclinical infection of the genital tract with Neisseria meningitidis

Palavras-chave: AIDS; Compliance; Antiretroviral.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702002000100002

Lourenço,Maria Cristina S.; Reis,Roberto S.; Andrade,Angela C. V.; Tuyama,Mari; Barroso,David E.

We report the isolation of Neisseria meningitidis, characterized as B:NT:P1.7, from a female patient's genital tract in an outpatient clinic for HIV care. The gynecology clinic, as part of the follow up, collects specimens from all patients with HIV infection for routine exams and for early laboratory detection of sexually transmitted diseases . A Gram-negative diplococcus was isolated from the cervix of a heterosexual patient with AIDS. Based on this and other reported cases, urogenital infection with N. meningitidis can no longer be considered uncommon. The rising incidence of N. meningitidis isolated from this and similar sites has significant medical and diagnostic implications.

HIV prevalence among blood donors in a blood bank in Curitiba (Brazil)

Palavras-chave: Neisseria meningitidis; Genital infection; AIDS.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702006000200015

Andrade Neto,José Luiz; Pintarelli,Vitor Last; Felchner,Paulo Cesar Zimmermann; Morais,Rodrigo Leite de; Nishimoto,Fabíola Lie.

There still is no cure for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Its etiologic agent is the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and transmission occurs through sexual relationships, contacts with blood, and vertically (mother to child). In this study, we sought to determine the prevalence of HIV among blood donors at a blood bank in Curitiba. We studied 213,666 blood donations made from March 1, 1992, to April 25, 1999. Each potential blood donor first answered a questionnaire, submitted to a clinical examination, and filled out a self-exclusion card. Blood was collected and analyzed only from the candidates approved by the first two criteria. Two tests were used to detect HIV: ELISA for screening, and Western-Blot for confirmation. The results...

Herpes simplex type 2 pneumonia

Palavras-chave: AIDS; Blood donor; HIV.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702002000100003

Calore,Edenilson Eduardo.

Extensive reviews of pulmonary infections in AIDS have reported few herpetic infections. Generally these infections are due to Herpes simplex type 1. Pneumonia due to herpes type 2 is extremely rare. We describe a 40 year-old HIV positive woman who complained of fever, cough and dyspnea for seven years. She had signs of heart failure and the appearance of her genital vesicles was highly suggestive of genital herpes. Echocardiography showed marked pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy and tricuspid insufficiency. After a few days of hospitalization she was treated with Aciclovir and later with Ganciclovir. An open pulmonary biopsy revealed an interstitial inflammation, localized in the alveolar walls. Some pulmonary arteries had widened...

Profile of patients diagnosed with AIDS at age 60 and above in Brazil, from 1980 until June 2009, compared to those diagnosed at age 18 to 59

Palavras-chave: Herpes pneumonia; AIDS; Opportunistic infections; Pulmonary hypertension; Herpes simplex.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702002000600006

Fonseca,Marise Oliveira; Tupinambás,Unaí; Sousa,Artur Iuri Alves de; Baisley,Kathy; Greco,Dirceu Bartolomeu; Rodrigues,Laura.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to learn more about people diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) at age 60 and above in Brazil, and to compare them with people diagnosed at a younger age. METHODS: This study was based on the analysis of secondary data from the Brazilian AIDS Program. The study population consisted of people diagnosed with AIDS at age 60 and above. The comparison group was comprised of a 20% random sample of people diagnosed at age 18 to 59, frequency-matched by year of diagnosis. RESULTS: 544,846 cases of AIDS were reported in Brazil from 1980 until June 2009. Over 90% of cases were diagnosed between 18 and 59 years of age, and 13,657 (2.5%) at age 60 and above. The first case of AIDS among the elderly was reported...

Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis associated with AIDS

Palavras-chave: HIV; AIDS; Elderly; Epidemiology; Brazil.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000600009

Bittencourt,Achiléa; Silva,Nancy; Straatmann,Andréa; Nunes,Victor Luiz Correia; Follador,Ivonise; Badaró,Roberto.

Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is rarely reported in South America. In spite of the fact that there are many reports about the association of visceral leishmaniasis and AIDS, PKDL is very uncommon in HIV-positive patients, and so far only four cases have been documented in the literature. We present another case with unusual clinicopathological aspects. The patient, a 28-year-old male, from Salvador, Bahia (an endemic area) presented with clinical manifestations of visceral leishmaniasis three years after the diagnosis of AIDS. During treatment for visceral leishmaniasis he developed disseminated miliary papules. Microscopically, the skin biopsy showed a "saw-tooth" pattern with a lichenoid mononuclear infiltrate simulating lichen planus. The...

Low incidence of colonization and no cases of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection (DMAC) in Brazilian AIDS patients in the HAART era

Palavras-chave: Visceral leishmaniasis; Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis; AIDS.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702003000300009

Gadelha,Ângela; Accácio,Náurea; Grinzstejn,Beatriz; Veloso,Valdiléa; Silveira,Liane Braga da; Fandinho,Fátima; Saad,Maria Helena; Lourenço,Maria Cristina; Rolla,Valeria.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the incidence of mycobacterial disease and the colonization of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts by Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) bacteria in AIDS patients. METHODS: Inclusion criteria: HIV-positive individuals with at least one CD4+ count < 100 cells/mm³. Exclusion criteria: Mycobacterial disease and MAC prophylaxis. Stool, sputum, and blood cultures were prospectively obtained every month from September, 1997, to December, 1999. The incidence was calculated using Poisson regression. Survival was estimated by the Kaplan Meier method and the Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS: We followed-up 79 patients during a median period of 428 days. Blood cultures (n = 742) were negative for all mycobacteria. Positive cultures...

Expression of immunohistochemical markers in patients with AIDS-related lymphoma

Palavras-chave: DMAC; Colonization; AIDS; Mycobacteria.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702002000500006

Barreto,Luciana; Azambuja,Denize; Morais,José Carlos de.

AIDS-related lymphomas (ARL) present high biological heterogeneity. For better characterization of this type of lymphoma, the objectives of the present study were to evaluate the expression of immunohistochemical markers of cell differentiation (CD10, Bcl-6, MUM-1) and determine cell origin profile according to Hans' classification of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in AIDS patients. This study included 72 consecutive patients with ARL diagnosed at the University Hospital, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) and at the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA) from 2000 to 2006. The morphologic distribution of the lymphomas was the following: 61% were diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs), 15% were Burkitt's lymphomas, 13% were plasmablastic...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other

Palavras-chave: AIDS related-lymphoma; AIDS.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000100013

Disseminated histoplasmosis in HIV positive patients in Espírito Santo state, Brazil: a clinical-laboratory study of 12 cases (1999-2001)

Casotti,Janaina Aparecida Schineider; Motta,Tânia Queiroz Reuter; Ferreira Júnior,Carlos Urbano Gonçalves; Cerutti Junior,Crispim.

Twelve cases of histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients were found in a retrospective analysis at the Hospital Universitário Cassiano Antônio de Moraes of the Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (HUCAM), Vitória (ES), from June 1999 to May 2001. The frequency of histoplasmosis among HIV-positive patients was 2.1% in the infectious diseases division of the hospital during this period. Histoplasmosis compromised mainly males (11/12), 27 to 44 years old, and residents of the metropolitan urban area (10/12). Alcohol abuse and tobacco smoking were described in 10 of the 12 patients. For all patients, this was the first opportunistic infection. Two of the 12 patients died; 10 patients had disseminated disease, one patient had an intestinal presentation and...

Aging with HIV: a practical review

Palavras-chave: Histoplasmosis; AIDS; Diagnosis; Case series.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702006000500005

Cardoso,Sandra Wagner; Torres,Thiago Silva; Santini-Oliveira,Marilia; Marins,Luana Monteiro Spindola; Veloso,Valdiléa Gonçalves; Grinsztejn,Beatriz.

The worldwide elderly population is expected to grow by an additional 694 million people by 2025. By that time, there will be approximately two billion elderly people in the world, most of whom (80%) will be living in developing countries. Based on recent estimates, this population will number over 40 million in 2030 in Brazil and a consequent increase in governmental spending for this population can be expected. Since highly active antiretroviral therapy became available in the mid-1990s, the life expectancy of people living with HIV has increased significantly. Approximately 12 million life years were added to the world between 1996 and 2008 as a consequence of wider access to highly active antiretroviral therapy. In Brazil, the incidence of AIDS among...

Poor response to tuberculosis treatment with regimens without rifampicin in immunosuppressed AIDS patients

Palavras-chave: HIV; AIDS; Aging; Elderly; Brazil; Comorbidity; HAART.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702013000400013

O'Donnel,M.M.; Souza Carvalho,S.; Gadelha,A.J.; Morgado,M.G.; Galhardo,M.C.G.; Lourenço,M.C.; Rolla,V.C..

A prospective study was conducted on 79 advanced immunosuppressed AIDS patients from 1997 to 1999, during which nine cases of tuberculosis (TB) were diagnosed. The main clinical and laboratory characteristics and the response to TB treatment were reviewed. The clinical manifestations of TB were: pulmonary (six cases), extrapulmonary (two cases) and disseminated (one case). These patients were being treated with highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) and were not responding. In three cases an optional regimen without rifampicin (RMP) was indicated to maintain HAART during TB treatment. A clinical response to TB treatment (disappearance of fever) was observed in 6/9 patients during a mean of 73 days (SD = 96). The three unresponsive patients were...