SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Jin,Xiao-Dong; Cao,Min; Zhou,Xie-Lai; Yin,Hong-Ping; Chen,Zhao-Dian; Xu,Ning; Jiang,Hai.

We investigated the contribution of the duration of overdistention (DOD) to rat bladder function and morphology and explored its possible molecular mechanisms. Bladder overdistention was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) by an infusion of saline. Forty rats were divided into 5 groups submitted to different DOD, i.e., 1, 2, 4, and 8 h, and control. Bladder function was evaluated by cystometry. Morphological changes were observed by light and transmission electron microscopy. Compared to control (44.567 ± 3.472 cmH2O), the maximum detrusor pressure of groups with 2-, 4- and 8-h DOD decreased significantly (means ± SEM): 32.774 ± 3.726, 31.321 ± 2.847, and 29.238 ± 3.724 cmH2O. With the increase of DOD, inflammatory infiltration and impairment...

Effects of ethanol intake on retinol concentration in the milk of lactating rats

Palavras-chave: Acute urinary retention; Bladder overdistention; Urodynamics; Ultrastructure; Apoptosis; Rat.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012001000006

Albuquerque,K.T.; Ramalho,R.A.; Soares,A.G.; Tavares-do-Carmo,M.G..

The effect of the consumption of ethanol (5%) on retinol concentration in milk was studied in the rat on day 12 after delivery, together with the evolution of dam body weight and pup growth rate. Female Wistar rats receiving alcohol (5%) in drinking water during lactation (N = 7) were compared to normal controls fed ad libitum (N = 6). The mean maternal alcohol intake was 3.96 ± 0.23 g/kg body weight per day. To determine retinol levels in milk we used the Bessey and Lowry method, modified by Araújo and Flores ((1978) Clinical Chemistry, 24: 386-392). The pups were separated from dams for a 2-4-h period, after which the dams were injected intraperitoneally with anesthetic and oxytocin. The concentration of retinol in milk was 162.88 ± 10.60 µg/dl in the...

The elevated gradient of aversion: a new apparatus to study the rat behavior dimensions of anxiety, fear, and impulsivity

Palavras-chave: Lactation; Ethanol; Retinol; Milk; Rat.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000700007

Rico,J.L.; Bonuti,R.; Morato,S..

Few behavioral tests allow measuring several characteristics and most require training, complex analyses, and/or are time-consuming. We present an apparatus based on rat exploratory behavior. Composed of three different environments, it allows the assessment of more than one behavioral characteristic in a short 3-min session. Factorial analyses have defined three behavioral dimensions, which we named Exploration, Impulsivity, and Self-protection. Behaviors composing the Exploration factor were increased by chlordiazepoxide and apomorphine and decreased by pentylenetetrazole. Behaviors composing the Impulsivity factor were increased by chlordiazepoxide, apomorphine, and both acute and chronic imipramine treatments. Behaviors composing the Self-protection...

Determination of anaerobic threshold in rats using the lactate minimum test

Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Exploratory behavior; Impulsivity; Rat; Fear; Self-protection.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019001100601

Voltarelli,F.A.; Gobatto,C.A.; Mello,M.A.R. de.

The break point of the curve of blood lactate vs exercise load has been called anaerobic threshold (AT) and is considered to be an important indicator of endurance exercise capacity in human subjects. There are few studies of AT determination in animals. We describe a protocol for AT determination by the "lactate minimum test" in rats during swimming exercise. The test is based on the premise that during an incremental exercise test, and after a bout of maximal exercise, blood lactate decreases to a minimum and then increases again. This minimum value indicates the intensity of the AT. Adult male (90 days) Wistar rats adapted to swimming for 2 weeks were used. The initial state of lactic acidosis was obtained by making the animals jump into the water and...

Routine post-weaning handling of rats prevents isolation rearing-induced deficit in prepulse inhibition

Palavras-chave: Rat; Blood lactate; Lactate minimum test; Maximal lactate steady state.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002001100018

Rosa,M.L.N.M.; Silva,R.C.B.; Moura-de-Carvalho,F.T.; Brandão,M.L.; Guimarães,F.S.; Del Bel,E.A..

Rats reared under isolation conditions from weaning present a number of behavioral changes compared to animals reared under social conditions (group housing). These changes include deficits in prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex to a loud sound. PPI refers to the reduction of the magnitude of the startle reflex when a relatively weak stimulus (the prepulse) precedes by an appropriate time interval the intense startle-elicing stimulus (the pulse). PPI is useful for studying sensorimotor integration. The present study evaluated the effect of handling on the impairment of PPI induced by isolation-rearing. Male Wistar rats (N = 11-15/group) were housed in groups (5 per cage and handled three times a week) or isolated (housed individually) since...

Alcohol dependence induced in rats by semivoluntary intermittent intake

Palavras-chave: Stress; Rat; Schizophrenia; Social isolation; Prepulse inhibition; Locomotor activity.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005001100018

Macieira,M.S.; Almeida,W.G.; Silva,E.A.; Schenberg,L.C.; Nakamura-Palacios,E.M..

The objective of the present experiment was to assess ethyl alcohol (ETOH) dependence brought about by a semivoluntary intermittent intake regimen in rats. Male Wistar rats weighing 150-250 g at the onset of the experiment were assigned to the following groups: 0% ETOH (N = 11), 5% ETOH (N = 20), 20% ETOH (N = 20) and 40% ETOH (N = 18). ETOH solutions were offered at the end of the day and overnight from Monday to Friday, and throughout weekends, for 90 days. The concentration of the ETOH solutions was increased in a stepwise fashion allowing the rats to get used to the taste of alcohol. Reposition of pure water was permitted during 1-h water drinking periods in the morning. Daily volume intake (± SEM) averaged 25.4 ± 0.4 ml (0% ETOH), 23.8 ± 0.6 ml (5%...

Importance of SERCA2a on early isolated diastolic dysfunction induced by supravalvular aortic stenosis in rats

Palavras-chave: Ethanol; Alcohol; Drug dependence; Rat.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000900009

Fertility of male adult rats submitted to forced swimming stress

Silveira,C.F.S.M.P.; Campos,D.H.S.; Freire,P.P.; Deus,A.F.; Okoshi,K.; Padovani,C.R.; Cicogna,A.C..

Cardiac remodeling is defined as changes in shape and function of the heart in response to aggression (pressure overload). The sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase cardiac isoform 2a (SERCA2a) is a known factor that influences function. A wide spectrum of studies report a decrease in SERCA2a in heart failure, but none evaluate it's the role in early isolated diastolic dysfunction in supravalvular aortic stenosis (AoS). Our hypothesis was that SERCA2a participates in such dysfunction. Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats (60-80 g) were divided into AoS and Sham groups, which were submitted to surgery with or without aorta clipping, respectively. After 6 weeks, the animals were submitted to echocardiogram and functional analysis by isolated papillary muscle...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report

Palavras-chave: Papillary muscle; Echocardiogram; Cyclopiazonic acid; Rat; Isolated diastolic dysfunction; SERCA.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2017000500605

Mingoti,G.Z.; Pereira,R.N.; Monteiro,C.M.R..

We investigated whether stress interferes with fertility during adulthood. Male Wistar rats (weighing 220 g in the beginning of the experiment) were forced to swim for 3 min in water at 32ºC daily for 15 days. Stress was assessed by the hot-plate test after the last stressing session. To assess fertility, control and stressed males (N = 15 per group) were mated with sexually mature normal females. Males were sacrificed after copulation. Stress caused by forced swimming was demonstrated by a significant increase in the latency of the pain response in the hot-plate test (14.6 ± 1.25 s for control males vs 26.0 ± 1.53 s for stressed males, P = 0.0004). No changes were observed in body weight, testicular weight, seminal vesicle weight, ventral prostate weight...

Mineralocorticoid modulation of central angiotensin-induced neuronal activity, water intake and sodium appetite

Palavras-chave: Forced swimming stress; Male; Fertility; Rat; Spermatogonia.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000500016

Thornton,S.N.; Omouessi,S.T.; Falconetti,C..

Central angiotensin II (AngII) stimulates water and salt solution intake. Pretreatment with low-dose mineralocorticoid (DOCA) enhances this AngII-induced intake of salt solutions (the synergy theory) in Wistar and Sprague Dawley rats but not in Fischer rats. This response is mediated via the AT-1 receptor. Electrophysiological experiments using iontophoretic application of AngII and the AT-1 receptor-specific non-peptide antagonist losartan showed excitation of neurons in the preoptic/medial septum region of urethane-anesthetized male Wistar rats. DOCA pretreatment further enhances this neuronal excitation in response to AngII and reduces the responses to losartan. This generated the hypothesis that DOCA-enhanced AngII-induced neuronal excitation is the...

Effect of 17ß-estradiol or alendronate on the bone densitometry, bone histomorphometry and bone metabolism of ovariectomized rats

Palavras-chave: Aldosterone; Rat; AT-1; AT-2; Iontophoresis.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000500014

da Paz,L.H.B.C.; de Falco,V.; Teng,N.C.; dos Reis,L.M.; Pereira,R.M.R.; Jorgetti,V..

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 17ß-estradiol or alendronate in preventing bone loss in 3-month-old ovariectomized Wistar rats. One group underwent sham ovariectomy (control, N = 10), and the remaining three underwent double ovariectomy. One ovariectomized group did not receive any treatment (OVX, N = 12). A second received subcutaneous 17ß-estradiol at a dose of 30 µg/kg for 6 weeks (OVX-E, N = 11) and a third, subcutaneous alendronate at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg for 6 weeks (OVX-A, N = 8). Histomorphometry, densitometry, osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline measurements were applied to all groups. After 6 weeks there was a significant decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) at the trabecular site (distal femur) in OVX rats. Both...

Effects of eugenol on resting tension of rat atria

Palavras-chave: Rat; 17ß-estradiol; Alendronate; Densitometry; Histomorphometry.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000800007

Olivoto,R.R.; Damiani,C.E.N.; Kassouf Silva,I.; Lofrano-Alves,M.S.; Oliveira,M.A.; Fogaça,R.T.H..

In cardiac and skeletal muscle, eugenol (μM range) blocks excitation-contraction coupling. In skeletal muscle, however, larger doses of eugenol (mM range) induce calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The effects of eugenol are therefore dependent on its concentration. In this study, we evaluated the effects of eugenol on the contractility of isolated, quiescent atrial trabeculae from male Wistar rats (250-300 g; n=131) and measured atrial ATP content. Eugenol (1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 mM) increased resting tension in a dose-dependent manner. Ryanodine [100 µM; a specific ryanodine receptor (RyR) blocker] and procaine (30 mM; a nonspecific RyR blocker) did not block the increased resting tension induced by eugenol regardless of whether extracellular...

Swimming training attenuates oxidative damage and increases enzymatic but not non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses in the rat brain

Palavras-chave: Eugenol; Atrial trabeculae; Resting tension; Ryanodine; Rat; ATP.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2014000400328

Nonato,L.F.; Rocha-Vieira,E.; Tossige-Gomes,R.; Soares,A.A.; Soares,B.A.; Freitas,D.A.; Oliveira,M.X.; Mendonça,V.A.; Lacerda,A.C.; Massensini,A.R.; Leite,H.R..

Although it is well known that physical training ameliorates brain oxidative function after injuries by enhancing the levels of neurotrophic factors and oxidative status, there is little evidence addressing the influence of exercise training itself on brain oxidative damage and data is conflicting. This study investigated the effect of well-established swimming training protocol on lipid peroxidation and components of antioxidant system in the rat brain. Male Wistar rats were randomized into trained (5 days/week, 8 weeks, 30 min; n=8) and non-trained (n=7) groups. Forty-eight hours after the last session of exercise, animals were euthanized and the brain was collected for oxidative stress analysis. Swimming training decreased thiobarbituric acid reactive...

Co-transfection of hepatocyte growth factor and truncated TGF-β type II receptor inhibit scar formation

Palavras-chave: Exercise therapy; Oxidative stress; Rat; Lipid peroxidation; Superoxide dismutase; Swimming training.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016001000605

Xu,Ji-Hua; Zhao,Wan-Yi; Fang,Qing-Qing; Wang,Xiao-Feng; Zhang,Ding-Ding; Hu,Yan-Yan; Zheng,Bin; Tan,Wei-Qiang.

Wound scarring remains a major challenge for plastic surgeons. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β plays a key role in the process of scar formation. Previous studies have demonstrated that truncated TGF-β type II receptor (t-TGF-βRII) is unable to continue signal transduction but is still capable of binding to TGF-β, thereby blocking the TGF-β signaling pathway. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a multifunctional growth factor that promotes tissue regeneration and wound healing. Theoretically, the combination of HGF and t-TGF-βRII would be expected to exert a synergistic effect on promoting wound healing and reducing collagen formation. In the present study, lentivirus-mediated transfection of the two genes (t-TGF-βRII/HGF) into fibroblasts in vitro and in...

Effects of elevated calcium on motor and exploratory activities of rats

Palavras-chave: Wound healing; Truncated transforming growth factor-β type II receptor; Hepatocyte growth factor; Scar; Rat; Lentivirus.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2020000100611

Godinho,A.F.; Trombini,T.V.; Oliveira,E.C..

The effects of serum and brain calcium concentration on rat behavior were tested by maintaining animals on either distilled water (N = 60) or water containing 1% calcium gluconate (N = 60) for 3 days. Animals that were maintained on high calcium drinking water presented increased serum calcium levels (control = 10.12 ± 0.46 vs calcium treated = 11.62 ± 0.51 µg/dl). Increase of brain calcium levels was not statistically significant. In the behavioral experiments each rat was used for only one test. Rats that were maintained on high calcium drinking water showed increased open-field behavior of ambulation (20.68%) and rearing (64.57%). On the hole-board, calcium-supplemented animals showed increased head-dip (67%) and head-dipping (126%), suggesting...

Fighting by sleep-deprived rats as a possible manifestation of panic: effects of sodium lactate

Palavras-chave: Calcium supplementation; Behavior; Rat; Motor activity; Exploratory activity.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000400007

Furlan,F.A.; Hoshino,K..

Increased fighting is an effect of desynchronized sleep deprivation (DSD) in rats, and recently this behavior has been suggested to be spontaneous panic and equivalent to panic disorder. In the present study we tested this hypothesis by evaluating the effect of sodium lactate on this aggressiveness, because this substance is recognized to induce spontaneous panic attacks in patients. A total of 186 male albino Wistar rats, 250-350 g, 90-120 days of age, were submitted to DSD (multiple platform method) for 0, 4, or 5 days. At the end of the deprivation period the rats were divided into subgroups respectively injected intraperitoneally with 1.86, 2.98 and 3.72 g/kg of 1 M sodium lactate, or 1.86 and 3.72 g/kg of 2 M sodium lactate. The control animals were...

Effect of L-arginine, dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and the association of L-arginine and DMSA on tissue lead mobilization and blood pressure level in plumbism

Palavras-chave: Rat; Sleep deprivation; Panic; Aggressiveness; Sodium lactate.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000300010

Malvezzi,C.K.; Moreira,E.G.; Vassilieff,I.; Vassilieff,V.S.; Cordellini,S..

Lead (Pb)-induced hypertension is characterized by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a decrease in nitric oxide (NO). In the present study we evaluated the effect of L-arginine (NO precursor), dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA, a chelating agent and ROS scavenger), and the association of L-arginine/DMSA on tissue Pb mobilization and blood pressure levels in plumbism. Tissue Pb levels and blood pressure evolution were evaluated in rats exposed to: 1) Pb (750 ppm, in drinking water, for 70 days), 2) Pb plus water for 30 more days, 3) Pb plus DMSA (50 mg kg-1 day-1, po), L-arginine (0.6%, in drinking water), and the combination of L-arginine/DMSA for 30 more days, and 4) their respective matching controls. Pb exposure increased Pb levels in the...

Biomechanics and structural adaptations of the rat femur after hindlimb suspension and treadmill running

Palavras-chave: L-arginine; DMSA; Tissue lead mobilization; Plumbism; Blood pressure; Rat.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001001000016

Shimano,M.M.; Volpon,J.B..

We microscopically and mechanically evaluated the femurs of rats subjected to hindlimb unloading (tail suspension) followed by treadmill training. Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups containing 12-14 rats: control I (118 days old), control II (139 days old), suspended (tail suspension for 28 days), suspended-released (released for 21 days after 28 days of suspension), and suspended-trained (trained for 21 days after 28 days of suspension). We measured bone resistance by bending-compression mechanical tests of the entire proximal half of the femur and three-point bending tests of diaphyseal cortical bone. We determined bone microstructure by tetracycline labeling of trabecular and cortical bone. We found that tail suspension weakened...

Paradoxical sleep deprivation increases plasma endothelin levels

Palavras-chave: Hindlimb suspension; Exercise; Biomechanics; Femur; Rat.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2009000400004

Palma,B.D.; Gabriel Jr.,A.; Bignotto,M.; Tufik,S..

The endothelins (ET-1, 2 and 3) constitute a family of 21 amino acid peptides with potent biological activities. ET-1 is one of the most potent endogenous vasoconstrictors so far identified and its increased concentration in plasma appears to be closely related to the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension as well as to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA patients exhibit repetitive episodes of apnea and hypopnea that result in hypoxia and consecutive arousals. These patients are chronically sleep deprived, which may aggravate the hypertensive features, since literature data show that sleep deprivation results in hypertension both in humans and in animals. Based on the reported relationship between ET-1, hypertension and sleep deprivation consequences, the...

An experimental model for the measurement of renal function after temporary ureteral obstruction in the rat

Palavras-chave: Endothelin; Sleep deprivation; Rat; Hypertension.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000100011

We present the results obtained with a ureterovesical implant after ipsilateral ureteral obstruction in the rat, suitable for the study of renal function after deobstruction in these animals. Thirty-seven male Wistar rats weighing 260 to 300 g were submitted to distal right ureteral ligation and divided into 3 groups, A (N = 13, 1 week of obstruction), B (N = 14, 2 weeks of obstruction) and C (N = 10, 3 weeks of obstruction). The animals were then submitted to ureterovesical implantation on the right side and nephrectomy on the left side. During the 4-week follow-up period serum levels of urea and creatinine were measured on the 2nd, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day and compared with preoperative levels. The ureterovesical implantation included a psoas hitch...

Effect of the acupoints ST-36 (Zusanli) and SP-6 (Sanyinjiao) on intestinal myoelectric activity of Wistar rats

Palavras-chave: Kidney function; Rat; Ureteral obstruction.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000700006

Tabosa,A.; Yamamura,Y.; Forno,E.R.; Mello,L.E.A.M..

Despite its ancient use as a therapeutic tool to treat several ailments, acupuncture still faces the challenge of scrutiny by Western science both in terms of its efficacy and in terms of the characterization of its effects and mechanisms of actions underlying these effects. We investigated under well-controlled and carefully characterized conditions the influence of electrical stimulation of acupuncture points ST-36 (Zusanli) and SP-6 (Sanyinjiao) on the myoelectric activity of the small intestine of 38 adult male Wistar rats. Electrical recordings obtained by means of four electrodes chronically implanted in the small intestine were used to assess the effects of acupuncture (electroacupuncture stimulation set at 2 Hz, intermittent stimulation, 1 V, for...