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| Registros recuperados: 2.001 | |
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| Omamo, Steven Were. |
| Policy research on African agriculture is long on prescriptions for what needs to be done to spur agricultural growth but short on how such prescriptions might be implemented in practice. What explains this state of affairs? What might be done to correct it, and, most important, how? This paper addresses these questions via a comprehensive review and assessment of the literature on the role and impact of research in policy processes. Six major schools of thought are identified: the rational model; pragmatism under bounded rationality; innovation diffusion; knowledge management; impact assessment; and evidence-based-practice. The rational model—with its underlying metaphor of a “policy cycle” comprising problem definition and agenda setting, formal decision... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60180 |
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| Meade, Birgit Gisela Saager; Rosen, Stacey L.. |
| Brazil, a country with a population of more than 170 million, has embarked on a path to eradicate hunger and poverty. President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (commonly known as "Lula") declared as his goal to cut the number of hungry people to zero during his presidency. Poverty and hunger afflict a large proportion of the population in part because of highly skewed income distribution. The poorest income quintile (20 percent of the population) owned 2.2 percent of the national income while the richest quintile owned about two-thirds in 1998. Using USDA/ERS food security models, we measure food availability and access, calculate the number of hungry people, and estimate income growth required to eradicate food insecurity. According to the ERS food... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22049 |
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| Burke, William J.; Jayne, Thomas S.; Chapoto, Antony. |
| Key Points • Zambia’s maize crop grew by 48% between the 2009 and 2010 harvests, leading to the largest crop recorded in recent history. • Yield growth accounted for 59% of the maize production growth between 2009 and 2010. Expansion of area planted to maize explains an additional 23%, while the remaining 18% can be attributed to a rise in the ratio of harvested to planted land. • Favourable weather conditions contributed 47% of the maize yield growth between 2009 and 2010, whilst, 25% came from increased fertilizer use from both the private and public sectors, and 23% from area expansion. The remaining 5% can be attributed to hybrid seed use and improved management. • Due to favorable weather conditions in both 2008/09 and 2009/10 growing seasons, maize... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97034 |
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| Caracciolo, Francesco; Gorgitano, Maria Teresa; Lombardi, Pasquale; Sanino, Giuliana; Verneau, Fabio. |
| This paper shows the results of empirical research conducted to assess the sustainability of a typical food supply chain, suggesting feasible solutions to satisfy inter-dimensional requisites of durable development. The analysis was conducted with reference to the supply chain of the San Marzano tomato (SMZ), a typical local food. The product is endowed with an origin certification label (PDO), meeting demand within high-value market niches. The SMZ is a flagship product in the Italian region of Campania and has benefited from several regionally funded interventions, such as genetic research and support for the application for EU certification of origin). Two key findings emerged from the research. First, the results allowed us to define a Stakeholder... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: PDO product; Sustainability assessment; Food chain management.; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q01; Q20; Q50. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121950 |
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| Oliveira, Victor; Prell, Mark A.; Smallwood, David M.; Frazao, Elizabeth. |
| Rebates from infant formula manufacturers to State agencies that administer the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) support over one-quarter of all WIC participants. However, concerns have been raised that WIC and its infant formula rebate program may significantly affect the infant formula prices faced by non-WIC consumers. This report presents findings from the most comprehensive national study of infant formula prices at the retail level. For a given set of wholesale prices, WIC and its infant formula rebate program resulted in modest increases in the supermarket price of infant formula, especially in States with a high percentage of WIC formula-fed infants. However, lower priced infant formulas are available to... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: WIC program; Infant formula; Cost-containment; Rebates; Food package costs; Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women; Infants; And Children; Child nutrition; Food assistance; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33873 |
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| Shinns, L.H.; Lyne, Michael C.. |
| This study investigates possible causes of poverty afflicting a community of land reform beneficiaries in the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal. The 38 beneficiary households had previously been clustered into four groups displaying different symptoms of poverty. Linear Discriminant Analysis was used first to distinguish households that were relatively income and asset "rich" from those that were relatively income and asset "poor", and second to distinguish households that were relatively income poor but "asset rich" from those relatively asset poor but "income rich". In the first analysis it was found that "rich" households could be distinguished from "poor" households using just two indicator variables; gender of the household head and family size. Larger,... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31720 |
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| Rubio, Gloria M.; Soloaga, Isidro. |
| This paper uses cross-sectional data from Mexico before and after the 1994 peso crisis to analyze rural household vulnerability to macroeconomic shocks. The study suggests that agricultural households are less vulnerable than non-agricultural households. The impacts vary depending on type of production and specialization level. Among agricultural households, those with a higher proportion of corn and bean production for self-consumption fared better than households which engaged in stronger market participation. Although the decline in their monetary income and consumption was more or less similar to that of the more market-oriented agricultural households, they were better able to shield their total income and consumption as well as their food expenditures. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Economic shocks; Household vulnerability; Mexico; Rural poverty; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12007 |
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| International Water Management Institute (IWMI). |
| According to research done by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), one-third of the world’s population will face absolute water scarcity by the year 2025. Among the worst hit will be regions in Asia, the Middle-East and Sub-Saharan Africa, home to some of the largest concentrations of rural poverty in the world. Policymakers, researchers, NGOs, and farmers are pursuing various technical, institutional and policy interventions to meet this challenge. Micro-irrigation technologies, commonly in use in water scarce areas of developed countries, constitute one such intervention with the ability to use water more efficiently in irrigated agriculture. These technologies can improve productivity; raise incomes through crop yields and outputs; and... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Irrigated farming; Technology; Drip irrigation; Rural women; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113058 |
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| Gelaw, Fekadu. |
| This paper attempted to analyses the dynamic relationship between the three development objectives: inequality, growth and poverty. Given the vast majority of the population (about 85 percent) is living in the rural area and poverty being higher in rural than in urban Ethiopia, the Government’s focus on rural development can be acceptable if the country is to achieve its poverty reduction targets in near future. Contrary to this, the result of study shows that there has been no promising reduction in poverty in the past. The study used five rounds data collected from 18 rural villages through Ethiopian Rural Household Survey. FTG poverty measures, Gini index and General Entropy classes of inequality measures were calculated. Fixed Effect estimation was... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51915 |
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| Adato, Michelle; Haddad, Lawrence James. |
| Since the transition to democracy, South African public works programs are to involve community participation, and be targeted to the poor and women. This paper examines the targeting performance of seven programs in Western Cape Province, and analyzes the role of government, community-based organizations, trade unions, and the private sector in explaining targeting outcomes. These programs were not well-targeted geographically in terms of poverty, unemployment, or infrastructure. Within localities, jobs went to the poor and unemployed, though not always the poorest. They did well in reaching women, despite local gender bias. Targeting guidelines of the state are mediated by diverse priorities that emerge in programs with multiple objectives, local... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16458 |
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| Kanbur, Ravi. |
| The informality discourse is large, vibrant and expanding fast. But there is a certain conceptual incoherence to the literature. New definitions of informality compete with old definitions leading to a plethora of alternative conceptualisations. While some individual studies may apply a tight definition consistently, the literature as a whole is in a mess. This paper proposes that informality and formality should be seen in direct relation to economic activity in the presence of specified regulation(s). Relative to the regulation(s), four conceptual categories that can help frame the analysis are: (A) regulation applicable and compliant, (B) regulation applicable and non-compliant, (C) regulation non-applicable after adjustment of activity and (D)... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48926 |
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| Registros recuperados: 2.001 | |
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