SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Imperfeição comercial e diferenciação, por origem, no mercado internacional de cafés

Kerr, William A..

Deteriorating food security status is primarily a local phenomenon resulting from failures in food systems and inadequate incomes. Technological advances in agriculture have led to declining long-term trends in food prices, which have assisted in improving diets. It is projected that in the first half of the twenty-first century, food production increases will have a difficult time keeping pace with the increase in population, leading to increased incidents where local price spikes for food lead to deteriorations in the food security status of many locally resident individuals. International trade in food products will be key to mitigating the effects of local food systems failures.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agricultural productivity; Food security; International trade; Price spikes; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117818

Viana, Jose Jair Soares; Silva, Orlando Monteiro da.

In this study, a world model for the international market of coffee is developed and analyzed, considering its major exporters (Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Africa, Central America and Asia) and its major importers (United States, Germany, Japan, France, Italy, Spain, Canada, United Kingdom, Holland). That model is, then, simulated for several shocks such as the reduction of barriers that would reduce prices of coffee in all import markets, an increase in income that would increase the world demand, and variations in production of Brazil and Asia. The results evaluated in the short and long run, indicated that the main effects on the coffee prices occurs when there are changes in production, especially in Brazil. The reductions of barriers have small effects...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Coffee; International trade; Differentiation by origin; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56811

Import Demand for Horticultural Commodities in Developed and Emerging Countries

Rickard, Bradley J.; St. Pierre, Christine M.; Becker, Gabriel M..

International trade of horticultural commodities is increasingly important in many regions of the world, yet import patterns of key horticultural crops are understudied in the agricultural economics literature. Using data between 1991 and 2005, we estimate the drivers of per capita import demand for six of the most highly traded horticultural commodities. The own price elasticity estimates were negative in all import demand models and, in most cases, the effects were statistically stronger for importers in emerging countries. Import demand for horticultural commodities in developed countries has been driven primarily by prices and the level of trade openness while income and diet considerations were more important in emerging countries. Furthermore, our...

IS THE WTO STILL RELEVANT TO THE GLOBAL ECONOMY?

Palavras-chave: Emerging markets; Horticultural commodities; Import demand; International trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Q17.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51175

Bochniarz, Henryka.

Funções de Exportação de Alimentos para o Brasil

Palavras-chave: World Trade Organization; International trade; Trade agreements; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14593

Silva, Cesar Roberto Leite da; Carvalho, Maria Auxiliadora de.

A segurança alimentar é uma preocupação permanente para todas as nações, mas nesse início de século o tema ganhou destaque internacional porque o crescimento vigoroso da economia global e a demanda de produtos agrícolas para produção de biocombustível pressionaram os preços para cima. O Brasil é um importante exportador de alimentos, com participação crescente no mercado internacional. Esse trabalho estima as funções de exportação dos alimentos a partir de dados da FAO para o período 1961 a 2005. Os resultados mostram que a influência do crescimento mundial é bem maior que a das variações cambiais o que contribui para justificar os crescentes superávits da agricultura, a despeito da apreciação cambial.---------------------Food safety is a permanent...

United States, Latin America, and the Global Economy: The Vision of Greater America

Palavras-chave: Segurança alimentar; Funções de exportação; Agricultura; Comércio exterior; Food safety; Export functions; Agriculture; International trade; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108151

Assessment of Biotechnology Policies and International Trade in Key Markets for U.S. Agriculture

Scheman, L. Ronald.

Latin America is the most important partner of the United States in consolidating the base of democracy and open markets in the global context as well as providing resources, markets and energy security for a growing economic base. The backbone of the global economy, the productive capacity deriving from the great combination of the treasures of the Rockies and Andes, together with U.S. technology, will be the bedrock foundation for unassailable economic growth. Together a combined open market of more than 600 million people will enable the coming generation to see Greater America emerge as a major force defining the values of the coming century.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Greater America; International trade; Latin America; Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90428

Marchant, Mary A.; Song, Baohui.

The United States leads the world in agricultural biotechnology research, adoption, commercialization, and exports. Our biotech commodities are highly dependent on international markets. Thus, any biotech policy changes by key importing countries may affect U.S. agricultural biotech product exports. This article identifies key markets for U.S. agricultural exports including biotech commodities and discusses current and proposed biotech policies in key markets for U.S. agricultural exports focusing on Canada, Mexico, Japan, the European Union (EU), and China. Among these markets, labeling of biotech products is voluntary in Canada and Mexico but is mandatory in Japan, the EU, and, most recently, in China. For the EU, U.S. corn exports were almost...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Biotech policy; Corn; Cotton; International trade; Soybeans; U.S. agricultural exports; Q13; Q17; Q16; Q18.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43513

The nature of the relationship between international tourism and international trade: the case of German imports of Spanish wine

Fischer, Christian; Gil-Alana, Luis A..

This paper deals with the relationship between international trade and tourism. In particular, we focus on the effect that German tourism to Spain has on German imports of Spanish wine. Due to the different stochastic properties of the series under analysis, which display different orders of integration, we use a methodology based on long memory regression models, where tourism is supposed to be exogenous. The results show that at the aggregate level, tourism has an effect on wine imports that lasts between two and nine months. Disaggregating the imports across the different types of wine it is observed that only for red wines from Navarra, Penedús and Valdepeñas, and to a certain extent for sparkling wine, tourism produces an effect on future import...

The Effect of Exchange Rate Volatility upon Foreign Trade of Hungarian Agricultural Products

Palavras-chave: International trade; Tourism; Long memory; Spanish wine; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade; F14; C22; Q13; L83.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57033

TO 'B' OR NOT TO 'B': AN ANALYSIS OF ALBERTA UNDER THE SOFTWOOD LUMBER AGREEMENT

Fogarasi, Jozsef.

This paper takes a new empirical look at the long-standing question of the effect of exchange rate volatility on international trade flows of transition economies in Central Europe by studying the case of Hungarian agricultural exports to their export destination countries between 1999 and 2008. Based on a gravity model that controls for other factors likely to determine bilateral trade, the results show that nominal exchange rate volatility has had a significant positive effect on agricultural trade over this period. This positive effect of exchange rate volatility on agricultural exports suggests that agri-food entrepreneurs are not interested in speeding up the process of joining Hungary to the euro zone.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: International trade; Gravity model; Exchange rate volatility; International Relations/Trade; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102403

Ryan, Chris; Mach, Helmut.

On October 16th 2006 the Canada-United States Softwood Lumber Agreement (SLA) came into effect. The SLA followed years of trade disputes and litigation initiated by U.S. lumber producers. The SLA ended litigation and dispute procedures by implementing an agreed Canadian export restriction and export tax regime. However, even with a formal agreement in place, points of contention remain on either side. The intent of this study is to evaluate Alberta’s performance under the SLA since its inception in 2006 and the implications for the future. To that end, there are several important characteristics of the SLA that are important to define. The SLA uses a system of export taxes and volume targets to attempt to restrict the total volume of softwood lumber...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Alberta; FTA; NAFTA; Forestry; Commodities trade; International trade; Lumber; Softwood lumber; Trade disputes; United States; Softwood lumber agreement; SLA; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60428

On Trade Impact of Exchange Rate Volatility and Institutional Quality: The Case of Central European Countries.

Ferto, Imre; Fogarasi, Jozsef.

This paper explores the effect of exchange rate volatility and of the institutional quality on international trade flows of transition economies in Central European Countries by applying a gravity model of balance panel between 1999 and 2008. The results show that nominal exchange rate volatility has had a significant negative effect on trade by applying Psuedo- Maximum-Likelihood (PML) estimator method over this period. The institutional quality need to be improved in case of size of government and the quality of regulation. The negative effect of exchange rate volatility on agricultural exports suggests that joining Central European Countries to the euro zone can reduce the negative effects of exchange rate volatility on trade.

COMPETITIVIDADE DA FRUTICULTURA POTIGUAR: O CASO DO MELÃO NO PERIODO DE 1996 A 2005

Palavras-chave: International trade; Gravity model; Exchange rate volatility; Institutions; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114351

Jurdam Alves, Francisco; Silva, Etevaldo Almeida; De Medeiros Vidal Junior, Adonias.

Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a competitividade das exportações do melão do Rio Grande do Norte no cenário nacional, bem como sua participação e importância para o comércio exterior brasileiro, no período de 1996 a 2005. Utilizou-se os indicadores de desempenho da competitividade das exportações: Vantagens Comparativas Reveladas (VCR) e a Taxa de Cobertura (TC). O Melão, principal fruta exportada pelo Estado do Rio Grande do Norte no período em análise, apresentou substancial incremento na pauta de exportações, chegando a ser o segundo produto mais exportado pelo Estado perdendo apenas para os produtos derivados de Petróleo. Este fato é explicado, basicamente pelos ganhos em competitividade, que foram influenciados por condições internas...

Property rights and crop choice in rural Peru, 1994-2004

Palavras-chave: Comércio internacional; Fruticultura; Indicadores de desempenho; International trade; Orchards; Indicators of performance; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102901

Field, Alfred J.; Field, Erica Marie; Torero, Maximo.

The period of 1994 to 2004 was one in which rural households in Peru experienced dramatic changes in ownership rights through a large nation-wide land titling program and a significant opening of the economy to international trade. This paper takes this prime opportunity to examine whether lack of ownership rights presents a significant barrier to the adoption of commercial crops and/or modern farming practices as a result to changes which reduced domestic market distortions, opened up the economy and thereby presumably altered relative prices between traditional agricultural crops and those produced primarily for export. To the extent that participation was quasi-exogenous to other household features influencing production choices, the titling program...

Strategic Choice of Domestic Environmental Policy Instrument and International Emissions Trading Scheme in an Open Economy with Imperfect Competition

Palavras-chave: Rural households; International trade; Property rights; Land rights; Titling; Adoption; Commercial crops; Exports; Indigenous crops; Poverty; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58569

Boom, Jan Tjeerd.

This paper presents a model of imperfect international competition. Within this framework, the optimal choice of national environmental policy instrument and international emissions trading scheme is discussed. The choice of national instrument is restricted to absolute and relative standards, which form the basis for permit and credit trading respectively. It is shown that relatives standards and credit trading lead to higher output than emission ceilings and permit trading. I find that governments want to increase production beyond the level reached with emission ceilings and therefore prefer relative standards. Furthermore, international emissions trading is only optimal when the country imports emission quotas, and in several cases, governments will...

Global Welfare and Trade-Related Regulations of GM Food: Biosafety, Markets, and Politics

Palavras-chave: Environmental policy; Emissions trading; Credit trading; International trade; Imperfect competition; Strategic behavior; Environmental Economics and Policy; F12; L51; Q25; Q28.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24177

Gruere, Guillaume P..

Replaced with revised version of paper 07/22/10.

DEMANDA DE IMPORTAÇÃO DE VINHO NO BRASIL NO PERÍODO 1995-2007

Palavras-chave: Genetically modified food; International trade; Regulations; Political economics.; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q17; Q18; F50.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60897

Campos, Antonio Carvalho; Brigatte, Henrique.

O objetivo deste trabalho é estimar a função de demanda de importação de vinho no Brasil. Os dados utilizados são de janeiro de 1995 a novembro de 2007, com periodicidade mensal. O modelo econométrico dinâmico de ajustamento parcial, também conhecido como modelo de Nerlove, foi o escolhido para se proceder à estimação. Este se caracteriza como um tipo de modelo autoregressivo de curto prazo, bastante apto para explicar os movimentos no quantum importado no momento atual com base nas importações passadas e no valor de outras variáveis. Concluiu-se que renda interna, preço de importação e taxa de câmbio são estatisticamente significantes para a explicação de variações na importação de vinho pelo Brasil, assim como a própria defasagem da variável dependente....