SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Lofgren, Hans; Richards, Alan.

In MENA, household food insecurity, which is closely related to poverty and undernourishment, is most severe in rural areas and concentrated within Iraq, Sudan, and Yemen. 25% of the MENA population may be poor and 7% undernourished. The key to increased national and household-level food security is pro-poor growth, driven by export-oriented, labor-intensive sectors. Agricultural sector policies should be subordinate to the pro-poor growth goal and not to the goal of food self-sufficiency. Such a strategy requires conflict resolution; macroeconomic stability; physical and human capital accumulation; reliance on markets and the private sector, and diffusion of ecologically friendly farming practices.

Halving Hunger: Meeting the First Millennium Development Goal through "Business as Unusual"

Palavras-chave: Middle East and North Africa; Food security; Poverty; Agriculture; Development strategy; Food Security and Poverty; O13; O53; Q18.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16274

Conflict, Food Price Shocks, and Food Insecurity: The experience of Afghan households

Fan, Shenggen.

In 2000, the world’s leaders set a target of halving the percentage of hungry people between 1990 and 2015. This rather modest target constitutes part of the first Millennium Development Goal, which also calls for halving the proportion of people living in poverty and achieving full employment. However, the effort to meet the hunger target has swerved off track, and the world is getting farther and farther away from realizing this objective. The goal of halving hunger by 2015 can still be achieved, but business as usual will not be enough. What is needed is “business as unusual”—a smarter, more innovative, better focused, and cost-effective approach to reducing hunger.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Developing countries; Developing countries; Economic policy; Hunger; Developing countries; Millennium Development Goals (MDG); Policies; Poverty; Developing countries; Rural development; Developing countries; Social protection; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92808

D'Souza, Anna; Jolliffe, Dean.

Revised version submitted December 2012.

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Afghanistan; Food security; Conflict; Nutrition; Poverty; Spatial distribution; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; D12; I3.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123323

Intersectoral management of river basins; Proceedings of an International Workshop on "Integrated Water Management in Water-Stressed River Basins in Developing Countries: Strategies for Poverty Alleviation and Agricultural Growth," Loskop Dam, South Africa, 16-21 October 2000

Improving the Effectiveness of Collective Action: Sharing Experiences From Community Forestry in Nepal

Palavras-chave: Water management; River basins; Watercourses; Poverty; Agricultural development; Developing countries; Water policy; Water use efficiency; Political aspects; Water allocation; User charges; Privatization; Water users' associations; Water scarcity; Investment; Financing; Institutional constraints; Water law; Gender; Social aspects; Conflict; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118386

Acharya, Krishna P.; Gentle, Popular.

The forest management strategy of Nepal is based on people’s participation, which is known as community forestry. This approach was formally introduced in 1978 to encourage active participation of local people in forest management activities as a means to improve their livelihoods. Under the community forestry structure, local people make decisions regarding forest management, utilization and distribution of benefits from a forest; they are organized as a Community Forest User Group. Presently about 1.2 million hectares of forest is under the control of about 14,000 Community Forest User Groups. It has received highest priority within the forestry sector and is one of the most successful development initiatives in Nepal. However, emerging evidence...

Institutions for integrated water-resources management in river basins: A synthesis of IWMI research.

Palavras-chave: Community forestry; Nepal; Gender; Poverty; Forest management and governance; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42493

Kurian, Mathew.

What Is the Impact of Non-Contributory Pensions on Poverty? Estimates from Brazil and South Africa

Palavras-chave: River basin development; Water resource management; Poverty; Irrigation management; Farmers’ associations; Institutional development; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92518

Barrientos, Armando.

This paper considers the impact of cash transfer programmes for the old in Brazil and South Africa on poverty among households with older people. Using datasets collected specifically for the purpose, the paper constructs conditional and unconditional estimates of the poverty reduction capacity of these programmes. The paper finds that non-contributory pensions have a measurable and significant impact upon poverty reduction and poverty prevention in the two countries studied.

THE DISTRIBUTION OF CHILD NUTRITIONAL STATUS ACROSS COUNTRIES AND OVER TIME

Palavras-chave: Poverty; Pensions; South Africa; Brazil; Food Security and Poverty; H55; I32; I38; J14.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30556

Bhagowalia, Priya; Chen, Susan E.; Masters, William A..

Malnutrition is manifested in various degrees of both underweight and overweight, with large differences and rapid changes in their prevalence and severity. This paper introduces a new approach to characterizing the distribution of a population’s nutritional status, to help analyze changes in that distribution over time and across countries. Our method draws on the poverty literature to construct Foster-Greer-Thorbecke measures for the incidence and severity of under and overweight, based on deviations in either direction from the median of a healthy population. We apply this median-based measure to the nutritional status of over 400,000 preschool children, as measured in 130 DHS surveys covering 53 countries over a period from 1986 to 2006. Unlike...

The 2011 Surplus in Smallholder Maize Production in Zambia: Drivers, Beneficiaries, & Implications for Agricultural & Poverty Reduction Policies

Palavras-chave: Underweight; Overweight; Malnutrition; Poverty; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; I12; Q18.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6147

Mason, Nicole M.; Burke, William J.; Shipekesa, Arthur M.; Jayne, Thomas S..

In 2011, Zambia recorded its second consecutive record-breaking maize harvest, and aggregate maize production levels in 2011 were more than double the average level from 2006 to 2008. The expansion in maize production over the period corresponds with the scaling up of the Government of the Republic of Zambia's (GRZ) two flagship agricultural sector programmes. These are: (i) maize purchases at pan-territorial, above-market prices through the Food Reserve Agency (FRA); and (ii) subsidized fertilizer distribution through the Fertilizer Support Programme and its successor, the Farmer Input Support Programme (FSP/FISP). More than 90% of GRZ funding for Poverty Reduction Programmes is devoted to the FRA and FSP/FISP, yet there has been no major reduction in...

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: Maize; Zambia; Poverty; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118477

Pakistan's Cotton and Textile Economy: Intersectoral Linkages and Effects on Rural and Urban Poverty

Cororaton, Caesar B.; Orden, David.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Textile industry; Cotton Trade; Poverty; Economic Conditions; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47659

Poverty transition through targeted programme: the case of Bangladesh Poultry Model

Akter, Shaheen; Farrington, John.

Poverty transition through a capacity development programme called the Bangladesh Poultry Model is assessed using self-assessment dimension in a quasi experiment framework. Current poverty situation is compared with money metric measure. The programme involves longer term intervention towards building the strength of stakeholders such as government department, NGOs, village organisations and women beneficiaries. A number of key questions related to poverty transition through poultry based activities, heterogeneity in livelihood choice and its impact on household welfare, extent of poverty reduction etc. are answered for policy recommendations. Data are drawn from a survey of 400 beneficiary households in 2006; about 50% of them are survivors in the...

Changes in Rural Household Income Patterns in Mozambique, 1996-2002, and Implications for Agriculture’s Contribution to Poverty Reduction.

Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Poultry; Poverty; Asset-base Framework; O3; Q16.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36765

Boughton, Duncan; Mather, David; Tschirley, David L.; Walker, Thomas S.; Cunguara, Benedito; Payongayong, Ellen M..

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique

Promouvoir les échanges commerciaux pour réduire la pauvreté : les accords de l’ OMC et l’agriculture en Afrique de l’ Ouest. Un rapport de l’ Accord de Coopération no. II sur la sécurité alimentaire

Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Household; Income; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56066

Nouve, Kofi; Staatz, John M.; Schweikhardt, David B.; Yade, Mbaye.

Ce rapport est une vue d’ensemble sommaire des accords commerciaux de l’ OMC et de leurs implications pour les pays de l’ Afrique de l’ Ouest (ainsi que le Tchad). L’étude décrit les positions adoptées par les pays de l’ Afrique de l’ Ouest sur divers enjeux des négociations commerciales de l’ OMC, tout en comparant ces positions avec celles exprimées par les grands partenaires commerciaux, notamment l’ Union Européenne, le Japon, les U.S.A. et le reste de l’ Afrique Subsaharienne.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: World Trade Organization; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Downloads July 2008-June 2009: 7; F0.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54574

Biofuels, Poverty, and Growth: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis of Mozambique

Arndt, Channing; Benfica, Rui M.S.; Tarp, Finn; Thurlow, James; Uaiene, Rafael N..

This paper assesses the implications of large-scale investments in biofuels for growth and income distribution. We find that biofuels investment enhances growth and poverty reduction despite some displacement of food crops by biofuels. Overall, the biofuel investment trajectory analyzed increases Mozambique’s annual economic growth by 0.6 percentage points and reduces the incidence of poverty by about six percentage points over a 12-year phase-in period. Benefits depend on production technology. An outgrower approach to producing biofuels is more pro-poor, due to the greater use of unskilled labor and accrual of land rents to smallholders, compared with the more capital-intensive plantation approach. Moreover, the benefits of outgrower schemes are enhanced...

The Dissemination of Private Wells and Double Tragedies: The Overexploitation of Groundwater among Well Users and Increased Poverty among Non-Well Users in Tamil Nadu, India

Palavras-chave: Bio-fuels; Growth; Poverty; Mozambique; Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52004

Kajisa, Kei; Palanisami, Kuppannan; Sakurai, Takeshi.

This paper investigates the impact of the dissemination of modern irrigation systems, i.e. private wells with pumps, on the livelihood not only among the farmers who have access to wells but also among the farmers who have no access to wells and thus rely solely on traditional irrigation systems called tank irrigation systems. The analysis is based on a village and household data set collected in Tamil Nadu, India where tank irrigation systems have been managed collectively for rice cultivation. Our statistical analyses predict that once declines in collective management occur due to the dissemination of private wells, the rice yield and income of the no-well-access farmers alone will decrease, resulting in increased poverty among them. Our analyses also...

PROFIL DE PAUVRETE ET FILETS DE SECURITE DES RIZICULTEURS DANS LES ZONES D’INTRODUCTION DES NERICA AU TOGO: cas des régions du nord-Togo

Palavras-chave: Irrigation; Well; Common property; Poverty; India; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O3; O13; Q25.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25682

Gnatoulouma, Takpa; Koffi-Tessio, Egnonto M.; Diagne, Aliou.

La présente étude a pour objectif une évaluation de l’état de pauvreté des riziculteurs du nord-Togo dans les zones d’introduction des NERICA en vue d’apprécier leurs capacités de résistance aux risques naturels et économiques. Pour parvenir à cette fin, des données primaires collectées sur la base d’une enquête effectuée auprès de 255 ménages dans 20 villages dans les régions centrale et de la Kara, ont été analysées par la méthode de FOSTER GREER et THORBECKE basée sur les dépenses de consommation. L’incidence, la profondeur et la sévérité, sont respectivement de 88,37%, 31% et 12,98%. Le niveau de pauvreté est pratiquement le même aussi bien chez les producteurs de NERICA que les producteurs des variétés. The present study’s objective is an evaluation...

Rural America At A Glance, 2008 Edition

Palavras-chave: Pauvreté; Filet de sécurité; Risque; Riziculteur; Ménage; NERICA; Dépense de consommation; Poverty; Safety nets; Risk; Rice grower; Household; NERICA; Consumer expenditure; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97331

PRÓ-POBRE OU EMPOBRECEDOR: QUAL ACONTRIBUIÇÃO DO CRESCIMENTO ECONÔMICO PARA ALAGOAS?

Kusmin, Lorin D..

Rural America At A Glance, 2008 Edition highlights the most recent indicators of social and economic conditions in rural areas for use in developing policies and programs to assist rural areas. The 2008 edition focuses on employment, poverty, population change, and demographic characteristics of nonmetro areas.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Rural indicators; Population; Employment; Rural unemployment; Nonmetropolitan; Nonmetro; Rural economy; Metro; Rural America; Census data; Population growth; Employment; Unemployment; Poverty; Demographics; ERS; USDA; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59019

Tejada, Cesar Augusto Oviedo; Jacinto, Paulo De Andrade; Bezerra, Luciane De Araujo; Santos, Anderson Moreira Aristides Dos.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre crescimento econômico e a pobreza para as microrregiões do estado de Alagoas, utilizando dados do Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano para os anos 1991 e 2000. Buscou-se analisar em que medida o crescimento econômico tem se revelado um instrumento relativamente eficaz de combate à pobreza do ponto de vista qualitativo, ou seja, se esse crescimento pode ser considerado pró-pobre. Para tanto, foi estimada a elasticidade da pobreza em relação ao crescimento econômico para as microrregiões alagoanas, que apresentou uma relação negativa entre a pobreza e crescimento econômico. Em seguida foi construída a curva “crescimento-pobreza” para as microrregiões de Alagoas. E os resultados indicam que na maioria...

PROGRESA and Its Impacts on the Welfare of Rural Households in Mexico

Palavras-chave: Crescimento pró-pobre; Pobreza; Alagoas; Pro-poor growth; Poverty; Alagoas; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108622

Innovations in Insuring the Poor

Skoufias, Emmanuel.

In the second half of the twentieth century, many developing countries adopted broad social assistance programs, like food subsidies, ostensibly designed to help poor people. Their effectiveness was mixed and, unfortunately, many of these expensive programs did not make much difference in the lives of poor people, much less help them climb permanently out of poverty. In the 1990s Mexico took a completely new approach. It launched a social program— PROGRESA—that was revolutionary in two ways. First, PROGRESA aimed to integrate interventions in health, education, and nutrition simultaneously, based on an understanding that these dimensions of human welfare are interdependent and that poor health, education, and nutrition are both causes and consequences of...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Rural poor; Government policy; Programa de Educación; Salud y Alimentación (Mexico City; Mexico); Evaluation; Poverty; Government policy; Mexico; Social policy; Consumer/Household Economics.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37891

Innovations in Insuring the Poor: Overview, by Ruth Vargas Hilland Maximo Torero; Risk, Poverty, and Insurance, by Stefan Dercon; Microinsurance for Health and Agricultural Risks, by Richard Leftley; Sustainability and Scalability of Index-Based Insurance for Agriculture and Rural Livelihoods, by Ulrich Hess and Peter Hazell; Intelligent Design of Index Insurance for Smallholder Farmers and Pastoralists, by Michael R. Carter; Experience with Weather Index-based Insurance in India and Malawi, by Xavier Gine; Providing Weather Index and Indemnity Insurance in Ethiopia, by Eyob Meherette; Index-based Livestock Insurance in Mongolia, by Oliver Mahul, Nathan Belete, and Andrew Goodland; Health Insurance for the Rural Poor: Evidence from Cambodia, by David I....