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| Registros recuperados: 210 | |
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| Pauli, Natasha; School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia; natasha.pauli@uwa.edu.au; Abbott, Lynette K; School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia; lynette.abbott@uwa.edu.au. |
| General knowledge of the small, invisible, or hidden organisms that make soil one of the most biodiverse habitats on Earth is thought to be scarce, despite their importance in food systems and agricultural production. We provide the first worldwide review of high-quality research that reports on farmers’ knowledge of soil organisms in agriculture. The depth of farmers’ knowledge varied; some farming communities held detailed local taxonomies and observations of soil biota, or used soil biological activity as indicators of soil fertility, while others were largely unaware of soil fauna. Elicitation of soil biota knowledge was often incidental to the main research goal in many of the reviewed studies. Farmers are rarely deliberately or... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Ethnoecology; Ethnopedology; Farmer knowledge; Local knowledge; Soil biota. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Hart, David D.; Mitchell Center for Sustainability Solutions, and School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine; david.hart@umit.maine.edu; Bell, Kathleen P.; School of Economics, University of Maine; kathleen.p.bell@umit.maine.edu; Lindenfeld, Laura A.; Department of Communication and Journalism, and Margaret Chase Smith Policy Center, University of Maine; Laura_Lindenfeld@umit.maine.edu; Jain, Shaleen; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Climate Change Institute, University of Maine; Shaleen.Jain@maine.edu; Johnson, Teresa R.; School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine; teresa.johnson@maine.edu; Ranco, Darren; Native American Programs, and Mitchell Center for Sustainability Solutions, University of Maine; darren.ranco@maine.edu; McGill, Brian; School of Biology and Ecology, and Mitchell Center for Sustainability Solutions, University of Maine; mail@brianmcgill.org. |
| As the magnitude, complexity, and urgency of many sustainability problems increase, there is a growing need for universities to contribute more effectively to problem solving. Drawing upon prior research on social-ecological systems, knowledge-action connections, and organizational innovation, we developed an integrated conceptual framework for strengthening the capacity of universities to help society understand and respond to a wide range of sustainability challenges. Based on experiences gained in creating the Senator George J. Mitchell Center for Sustainability Solutions (Mitchell Center), we tested this framework by evaluating the experiences of interdisciplinary research teams involved in place-based, solutions-oriented research projects at the scale... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis); Interdisciplinary research; Knowledge-action connections: organizational innovation; Place-based solutions; Senator George J. Mitchell Center for Sustainability Solutions; Social-ecological systems; Solutions-oriented research; Stormwater infrastructure; Sustainability science; Sustainability solutions; Tidal energy development; Universities. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Lugo, Ariel E.; USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry, Puerto Rico; alugo@fs.fed.us; Quintero, Braulio; State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry ; baquinte@syr.edu. |
| The synthesis of the contributions in this special issue about the tropical city of San Juan has resulted in five themes. First, the city is subject to multiple vulnerabilities, but socioeconomic factors and education level affect the perception of citizens to those vulnerabilities, even in the face of imminent threat. Second, in light of the social-ecological conditions of the city, how its citizens and institutions deal with knowledge to respond to vulnerabilities becomes critical to the adaptive capacity of the city. Third, the relationship between socioeconomic factors and green cover, which in 2002 covered 42% of the city, is not what has been reported for other temperate zone cities. In San Juan, neighborhoods with households of high socioeconomic... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Green and blue infrastructure; Information flows; Novel ecosystems; Social-ecological systems; Tropical cities; Vulnerability. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| Huber, Robert; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL; robert.huber@wsl.ch; Rigling, Andreas; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL; andreas.rigling@wsl.ch; Bebi, Peter; WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF; bebi@slf.ch; Brand, Fridolin Simon; Natural and Social Science Interface, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich; fridolin.brand@env.ethz.ch; Briner, Simon; Agri-food and Agri-environmental Economics Group, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich; briners@ethz.ch; Hirschi, Christian; Environmental Policy and Economics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich; christian.hirschi@env.ethz.ch; Lischke, Heike; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL;; Scholz, Roland Werner; Natural and Social Science Interface, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich; roland.scholz@env.ethz.ch; Seidl, Roman; Natural and Social Science Interface, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich; roman.seidl@env.ethz.ch; Walz, Ariane; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research PIK; Institute for Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam;; Zimmermann, Willi; Environmental Policy and Economics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich;; Bugmann, Harald; Forest Ecology, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich; harald.bugmann@env.ethz.ch. |
| Mountain regions provide essential ecosystem goods and services (EGS) for both mountain dwellers and people living outside these areas. Global change endangers the capacity of mountain ecosystems to provide key services. The Mountland project focused on three case study regions in the Swiss Alps and aimed to propose land-use practices and alternative policy solutions to ensure the provision of key EGS under climate and land-use changes. We summarized and synthesized the results of the project and provide insights into the ecological, socioeconomic, and political processes relevant for analyzing global change impacts on a European mountain region. In Mountland, an integrative approach was applied, combining methods from economics and the political and... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Experiments; Interdisciplinary research; Land-use change; Modeling; Transdisciplinary research. |
| Ano: 2013 |
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| Kueffer, Christoph; Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich; kueffer@env.ethz.ch; Underwood, Evelyn; Alliance for Global Sustainability, ETH Zurich;; Hirsch Hadorn, Gertrude; Institute for Environmental Decisions, ETH Zurich;; Holderegger, Rolf; Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich; WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute;; Pohl, Christian; Institute for Environmental Decisions, ETH Zurich;; Schirmer, Mario; Eawag;; Stauffacher, Michael; Institute for Environmental Decisions, ETH Zurich;; Wuelser, Gabriela; Institute for Environmental Decisions, ETH Zurich;; Edwards, Peter; Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich; Alliance for Global Sustainability, ETH Zurich;. |
| Environmental problems caused by human activities are increasing; biodiversity is disappearing at an unprecedented rate, soils are being irreversibly damaged, freshwater is increasingly in short supply, and the climate is changing. To reverse or even to reduce these trends will require a radical transformation in the relationship between humans and the natural environment. Just how this can be achieved within, at most, a few decades is unknown, but it is clear that academia must play a crucial role. Many believe, however, that academic institutions need to become more effective in helping societies move toward sustainability. We first synthesize current thinking about this crisis of research effectiveness. We argue that those involved in producing... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Interdisciplinarity; Knowing-doing gap; Outreach; Participation; Post-normal science; Problem-oriented research; Research partnership; Research policy; Science-policy nexus; Social learning; Transdisciplinarity; Transition management. |
| Ano: 2012 |
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| Cox, Michael; Environmental Studies Program, Dartmouth College; michael.e.cox@dartmouth.edu. |
| In this paper, I address a gap in the literature on environmental social science by providing a basic rubric for the conduct of empirical research in this interdisciplinary field. Current literature displays a healthy diversity of methods and techniques, but this has also been accompanied by a lack of consistency in the way in which research in this area is done. In part this can be seen as resulting from a lack in supporting texts that would provide a basis for this consistency. Although relevant methods texts do exist, these are not written with this type of research explicitly in mind, and so translating them to this field can be awkward. This paper is designed to fill this gap and enable more consistency in the conduct of empirical environmental social... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Environmental social science; Research design; Research methods. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| O'Brien, Karen; Department of Sociology and Human Geography, University of Oslo, Norway; karen.obrien@sosgeo.uio.no; Hayward, Bronwyn; School of Political Science and Communication, University of Canterbury, New Zealand; bronwyn.hayward@canterbury.ac.nz; Berkes, Fikret; University of Manitoba, Canada; berkes@cc.umanitoba.ca. |
| Social contracts play an important role in defining the reciprocal rights, obligations, and responsibilities between states and citizens. Climate change is creating new challenges for both states and citizens, inevitably forcing a rethinking of existing and evolving social contracts. In particular, the social arrangements that enhance the well-being and security of both present and future generations are likely to undergo dramatic transformations in response to ecosystem changes, more extreme weather events, and the consequences of social–ecological changes in distant locations. The types of social contracts that evolve in the face of a changing climate will have considerable implications for adaptation policies and processes. We consider how a... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; New Zealand; Northern Canada; Norway; Resilience; Social contracts.. |
| Ano: 2009 |
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| Miller, Brian W.; Department of the Interior North Central Climate Science Center, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University; brian.miller@colostate.edu; Morisette, Jeffrey T.; Department of the Interior North Central Climate Science Center, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University; U.S. Geological Survey; morisettej@usgs.gov. |
| Developing resource management strategies in the face of climate change is complicated by the considerable uncertainty associated with projections of climate and its impacts and by the complex interactions between social and ecological variables. The broad, interconnected nature of this challenge has resulted in calls for analytical frameworks that integrate research tools and can support natural resource management decision making in the face of uncertainty and complex interactions. We respond to this call by first reviewing three methods that have proven useful for climate change research, but whose application and development have been largely isolated: species distribution modeling, scenario planning, and simulation modeling. Species distribution... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Agent-based modeling; Complex-adaptive systems; Natural resource management; Scenario planning; Simulations; Species distribution modeling; State-and-transition modeling. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| McGowan, Katharine A.; University of Waterloo, Canada; k2mcgowa@uwaterloo.ca; Westley, Frances; University of Waterloo, Canada; fwestley@uwaterloo.ca; Fraser, Evan D. G.; University of Guelph, Canada; frasere@uoguelph.ca; Loring, Philip A.; University of Saskatchewan, Canada; ploring@alaska.edu; Weathers, Kathleen C.; Cary Institute of Ecosystems Studies, United States; weathersk@ecostudies.org; Avelino, Flor; Dutch Research Institute for Transitions, Netherlands; avelino@fsw.eur.nl; Sendzimir, Jan; International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis, Austria; sendzim@iiasa.ac.at; Roy Chowdhury, Rinku; Indiana University (Bloomington), United States; rroychow@indiana.edu; Moore, Michele-Lee; University of Victoria, Canada; mlmoore@uvic.ca. |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Complexity; Interdisciplinarity; Social-ecological systems; Transdisciplinarity. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| Boeuf, Blandine; water@leeds, University of Leeds; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; eebgb@leeds.ac.uk; Fritsch, Oliver; water@leeds, University of Leeds; School of Geography, University of Leeds; o.fritsch@leeds.ac.uk. |
| The Water Framework Directive (WFD) is arguably the most ambitious piece of European Union (EU) legislation in the field of water. The directive defines a general framework for integrated river basin management in Europe with a view to achieving “good water status” by 2015. Institutional novelties include, among others, water management at hydrological scales, the involvement of nonstate actors in water planning, and various economic principles, as well as a common strategy to support EU member states during the implementation of the directive. More than 15 years after the adoption of the WFD, and with the passing of an important milestone, 2015, we believe it is time for an interim assessment. This article provides a systematic review... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: EU environmental policy; Meta-analysis; Policy implementation; Systematic review; Water Framework Directive; Water governance. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Newton, Adrian C; Centre for Conservation Ecology and Environmental Change, Bournemouth University; anewton@bournemouth.ac.uk; Golicher, Duncan; El Colegio de la Frontera Sur; dgoliche@sclc.ecosur.mx; Gonzalez-Espinosa, Mario; ECOSUR; mgonzale@ecosur.mx; Huth, Andreas; UFZ; andreas.huth@ufz.de; Premoli, Andrea; Universidad Nacional del Comahue; andrea.premoli@gmail.com. |
| Although sustainable forest management (SFM) has been widely adopted as a policy and management goal, high rates of forest loss and degradation are still occurring in many areas. Human activities such as logging, livestock husbandry, crop cultivation, infrastructural development, and use of fire are causing widespread loss of biodiversity, restricting progress toward SFM. In such situations, there is an urgent need for tools that can provide an integrated assessment of human impacts on forest biodiversity and that can support decision making related to forest use. This paper summarizes the experience gained by an international collaborative research effort spanning more than a decade, focusing on the tropical montane forests of Mexico and the temperate... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Environmental modeling; Landscape ecology; Latin America; Spatial analysis; Sustainable forest management. |
| Ano: 2009 |
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| Anthony, Abigail; University of Rhode Island; abigailanthony@gmail.com; Atwood, Joshua; University of Rhode Island; josh.atwood@gmail.com; August, Peter; University of Rhode Island; pete@edc.uri.edu; Byron, Carrie; University of Rhode Island; carriebyron@mail.uri.edu; Cobb, Stanley; University of Rhode Island; scobb@uri.edu; Foster, Cheryl; University of Rhode Island; cherylf@uri.edu; Fry, Crystal; University of Rhode Island; cfry315@gmail.com; Gold, Arthur; University of Rhode Island; agold@uri.edu; Hagos, Kifle; University of Rhode Island; kwhagos@gmail.com; Heffner, Leanna; University of Rhode Island; leanna.heffner@gmail.com; Kellogg, D. Q; University of Rhode Island; qkellogg@uri.edu; Lellis-Dibble, Kimberly; University of Rhode Island; kimberlylellis@yahoo.com; Opaluch, James J; University of Rhode Island; JimO@URI.Edu; Oviatt, Candace; University of Rhode Island; coviatt@gsosun1.gso.uri.edu; Pfeiffer-Herbert, Anna; University of Rhode Island; annaph@gso.uri.edu; Rohr, Nicole; University of Rhode Island; nicoro12@gmail.com; Smith, Leslie; University of Rhode Island; leslie.smith@gso.uri.edu; Smythe, Tiffany; ; tcsmythe@my.uri.edu; Swift, Judith; University of Rhode Island; jswift@uri.edu; Vinhateiro, Nathan; University of Rhode Island; nate@gso.uri.edu. |
| Lagoons are highly productive coastal features that provide a range of natural services that society values. Their setting within the coastal landscape leaves them especially vulnerable to profound physical, ecological, and associated societal disturbance from global climate change. Expected shifts in physical and ecological characteristics range from changes in flushing regime, freshwater inputs, and water chemistry to complete inundation and loss and the concomitant loss of natural and human communities. Therefore, managing coastal lagoons in the context of global climate change is critical. Although management approaches will vary depending on local conditions and cultural norms, all management scenarios will need to be nimble and to make full use of... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Coastal lagoons; Ecosystems; Social values. |
| Ano: 2009 |
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| Registros recuperados: 210 | |
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