SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Pizer, William A..

While the rest of the world has pursued absolute emissions limits for greenhouse gases, the Bush administration has proposed an alternative policy formulation based, among other things, on reducing emissions intensity-that is, emissions per dollar of real gross domestic product. Critics of this formulation have denounced the general idea of an intensity-based emissions target, along with its voluntary nature and weak targets. This raises the question of whether intensity-based emissions limits, distinct from the other features of the Bush initiative, offer a useful alternative to absolute emissions limits. This paper makes the case that they do, based on how emissions targets are framed. The argument draws on four key observations: greenhouse gas emissions...

Technology-Climate Interactions in the Green Revolution in India

Palavras-chave: Carbon; Climate; Policy; Intensity; Global warming; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q54; Q58; Q56.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10917

McKinsey, James W., Jr.; Evenson, Robert E..

This paper presents a model of the Green Revolution in India, in which the development and diffusion of HYVs, the expansion of irrigation and the expansion of multiple-cropping are treated as endogenous responses to more basic investments in agricultural technology and infrastructure, as well as to climate and edaphic endowments. We incorporate explicit climate-technology interactions in the model, in order to identify climate effects on the diffusion of HYVs, irrigation and multiple-cropping, and on Net Revenue to agriculture. We find that climate affects technology development and diffusion, and that technology development and diffusion affect the impacts of climate on agricultural productivity in India.

Optimal Contracting for Cattle Feeding: An Assessment of Climatic Conditions

Palavras-chave: Green Revolution; India; HYV; Rice; Wheat; Climate; Agricultural research; International Development; 112; 121; 226; 620; 710.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28452

Rahman, Shaikh Mahfuzur.

A unique approach using a biophysical growth model from the animal science literature is used to examine optimal contract cattle feeding behavior under alternative climatic conditions. The examination of incentives and outcomes in an unusually comprehensive contract parameter and behavioral space is made possible by combining simulated feedlot and carcass performance of a large set of cattle with public price and weather data. The model uniquely fits typical risk aversion levels and rationalizes existing contract types. The results show that optimal cattle feeding contract varies with climatic condition, but there is a tendency to replace cost-of-gain contracts with yardage-feed contracts as grid pricing has emerged.

Impact Of Greenhouse Gas Abatement Targets On Agricultural Activity

Palavras-chave: Cattle; Feeding; Contracts; Climate; Industrial Organization; D80.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61451

Donnellan, Trevor; Gillespie, Patrick; Hanrahan, Kevin F..

As part of its continuing commitment to address the causes of climate change, the EU has agreed reduction targets for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to be achieved by 2020. In the case of Ireland the target is a reduction of 20 percent relative to the 2005 level. Agriculture is a major source of GHG emissions in Ireland, comprising 26.8 percent of total GHG emissions in 2007. Understanding the scale and cost of the decrease in agricultural production required to achieve this reduction in GHG emissions is particularly important, as is the comparison of the cost of this approach with a range of possible other means of achieving emissions reductions in the sector. This study finds that, even with reduced fertiliser usage and more extensive production...

Forest Carbon Sinks: European Union, Japanese, and Canadian Approaches

Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Policy analysis; Partial equilibrium modelling; Baseline; Scenario analysis; GHG; Kyoto; Climate; Ireland; FAPRI; EU Gold Model; Abatements; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q11; Q17; Q18; Q54.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51050

Amano, Masahiro; Sedjo, Roger A..

This report compares the approaches of the governments of Japan, Canada, and the European Union member countries toward using carbon sinks to meet their respective Kyoto Protocol carbon reduction targets. Various policies have been proposed by which governments can sequester carbon by promoting afforestation and reforestation, slowing deforestation, and undertaking forest management activities under Articles 3.3 and 3.4. At this time, carbon emissions reduction programs are still under development, both within individual countries and within the context of the protocol. Although some of the details have been worked out, concrete definitions are often still lacking, especially as regards impermanence of forests, additionality, leakage, and socioeconomic and...

Tipping Points and Ambiguity in the Economics of Climate Change

Palavras-chave: Climate; Sinks; Kyoto Protocol; Forestry; Canada; Japan; European Union; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F01; Q23; Q28; Q48.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10913

Lemoine, Derek M.; Traeger, Christian P..

Replaced with revised version of paper Feb 13, 2012 available at http://purl.umn.edu/120349

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Threshold; Climate; Integrated assessment; Regime shift; Ambiguity; Uncertainty; Dynamic programming; Social cost of carbon; Tipping point; Carbon tax; Environmental Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54; D90; D81.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98127

Tipping points and ambiguity in the economics of climate change

Lemoine, Derek M.; Traeger, Christian P..

Replaces CUDARE Working Paper no. 1111, with the title; Tipping Points and Ambiguity in the Integrated Assessment of Climate Change, issued 12-26-2010

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: Tipping point; Threshold; Regime shift; Ambiguity; Climate; Uncertainty; Integrated assessment; Dynamic programming; Social cost of carbon; Carbon tax; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q54; D90; D81.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120349

Crop Production Functions for Analysis of Global Change Impacts in Spain

Gomez, Sonia Quiroga; Iglesias, Ana.

The goal of this paper is to increase the capacity of the agriculture sector to understand and respond to the climate variability, by reducing the uncertainty of the farmers over decisions that are affected for meteorological conditions. To study the yield responses to meteorological variables in the past is crucial to understand the vulnerability of the agriculture to the climate change in the future. We have estimated regression models where the historical yields have been put in dependence of variables that can represent main drivers of global change, such as climate variables and technological ones. In this context we evaluate its influence over the yields. Among the conclusions we find that the adaptation to climate change requires challenges in which...

Kansas Grain Supply Response to Economic and Biophysical Factors, 1977-2007

Palavras-chave: Spanish agriculture; Climate; Global change; Crop Production/Industries; C50; C52; Q10.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24565

Boussios, David; Barkley, Andrew P..

This research identifies and quantifies the impact of biophysical and economic variables on Kansas grain supply for the period 1977- 2007. This research estimates total supply response by aggregating yield and acreage responses. Previous methods have effectively analyzed the response of crop supply through either acreage or yield responses. However, the method proposed in this research incorporates both yield and acreage response to various production variables through recursive modeling. The results include the negative impact of acreage expansion on aggregate yields and thus the impact on total supply. The results also show that previous methods underestimate supply response elasticities by as much as 97%. Furthermore, this research estimates supply...

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Yield; Acreage; Supply; Grain; Extensive Margin; Producer Expectations; Climate; Weather; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124385

Impact of global warming on Chinese wheat productivity

You, Liangzhi; Rosegrant, Mark W.; Fang, Cheng; Wood, Stanley.

Climate change continues to have major impact on crop productivity all over the world. While many researchers have evaluated the possible impact of global warming on crop yields using mainly indirect crop simulation models, there are relatively few direct assessments on the impact of observed climate change on past crop yield and growth. We use a 1979-2000 Chinese crop-specific panel dataset to investigate the climate impact on Chinese wheat yield growth. We find that a 1 percent increase in wheat growing season temperature reduces wheat yields by about 0.3 percent. This negative impact is less severe than those reported in other regions. Rising temperature over the past two decades accounts for a 2.4 percent decline in wheat yields in China while the...

The Effect of the El Nino Southern Oscillation on U.S. Corn Production and Downside Risk

Palavras-chave: Global warming; Wheat yield; Production function; Marginal impact; Panel data; Climate; Wheat production; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58588

Tack, Jesse B.; Ubilava, David.

El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnections imply anomalous weather conditions around the globe, causing yield shortages, price changes, and even civil unrests. Extreme ENSO events may cause catastrophic damages to crop yields, thus amplifying downside risk for producers. This study presents a framework for quantifying the effects of climate on crop yield distributions. An empirical application provides estimates of the effect that ENSO events have on the means of U.S. county-level corn yield distributions, as well as the probabilities of catastrophic crop loss. Our findings demonstrate that ENSO events strongly influence these probabilities systematically over large production regions, which has important implications for research and policy...

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Climate; El Nino Southern Oscillation; Maximum Entropy; Risk Management; Yield Distribution; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119785

Farmers’ strategies for adapting to climate change in Ogbomoso agricultural zone of Oyo state

Ajao, A.O.; Ogunniyi, L.T..

The climate is changing and global mean temperatures have increased this is expected to have profound effects on food security. Long-term changes in climate will disproportionately affect tropical regions, meaning poor farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa will likely bear the brunt of adverse impacts. Adaptation plays an important role in reducing vulnerability to climate change and is therefore critical and of concern in developing countries, particularly in Africa where vulnerability is high because ability to adapt is low. This study examined farmers’ strategies for adapting to climate change in Ogbomoso agricultural zone of Oyo State of Nigeria. One hundred and fifty farmers were interviewed to obtain information from using a multistage sampling procedure....

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Climate; Probit; Mulchin; Adaptation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; GA; IN.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116378

When ENSO Reigns, It Pours: Climate Forecasts in Flood Planning

Wernstedt, Kris; Hersh, Robert.

Recent scientific and technical advances have increased the potential use of long-term seasonal climate forecasts for improving water resource management. This paper examines the role that forecasts, in particular those based on the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle, can play in flood planning in the Pacific Northwest. While strong evidence of an association between ENSO signals and flooding in the region exists, this association is open to more than one interpretation depending on: a) the metric used to test the strength of the association; b) the definition of critical flood events; c) site-specific features of watersheds; and d) the characteristics of flood management institutions. A better understanding and appreciation of such ambiguities,...

Climate Volatility and Poverty Vulnerability in Tanzania

Palavras-chave: Flooding; Climate; ENSO; Water resources planning; Water policy; Water management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q2.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10603

Ahmed, Syud Amer; Diffenbaugh, Noah S.; Hertel, Thomas W.; Ramankutty, Navin; Rios, Ana R.; Rowhani, Pedram.

Climate volatility will increase in the future, with agricultural productivity expected to become increasingly volatile as well. For Tanzania, where food production and prices are sensitive to the climate, rising climate volatility can have severe implications for poverty. We develop and use an integrated framework to estimate the poverty vulnerabilities of different socio-economic strata in Tanzania under current and future climate. We find that households across various strata are similarly vulnerable to being impoverished when considered in terms of their stratum’s populations, with poverty vulnerability of all groups higher in the 21st Century than in the late 20th Century. When the contributions of the different strata to the national poverty changes...