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IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FOOD DISTRIBUTION INDUSTRY AgEcon
Bloom, Gordon F..
Discusses the "productivity crisis" in the food industry and suggests positive and negative fluences on the situation during the 1970's.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1972 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27165
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The Effect of Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin on Patterns of Milk Production, Lactational Milk Estimates and Net Farm Income AgEcon
Judge, Lawrence J.; Lloyd, James W.; Bartlett, Paul C..
Bovine somatoropin (bST) alters total milk production and production patterns in dairy cows and understanding the economic benefits of bST for the dairy producer are critical. Holstein cows (n = 555) from four Michigan dairy farms were randomly assigned as untreated controls or to receive 500 mg of bovine somatotropin (PosilacR) administered every 14 days beginning at 63 to 69 days of lactation and continuing until approximately 21 days prior to the end of lactation or until the animal was removed from the herd. Average peak milk production was 50.8 kg / day and occurred at an average of 113 9 days of lactation for bST-treated cows while average peak production was 48.9 kg / day occurring at an average of 86.4 days of lactation for control cows; both...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Bovine somatotropin; Dairy; Net farm income; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53966
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USING A MULTIPLE PRODUCT AND MULTIPLE INPUT APPROACH TO DAIRY PROFIT MAXIMIZATION: A SIMULATION USING OPERATIONS RESEARCH METHODS AgEcon
Hadley, Gregg; Harsh, Stephen B.; Wolf, Christopher A..
Dairy producers generally take a single output/multiple input approach when making production decisions. Under component pricing, with large variance in individual component prices, a multiple output/multiple input approach maximizes profits. This paper applied our approach to the individual farm milk production decision.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21569
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Accounting for water use and productivity AgEcon
Molden, David J..
This paper presents a conceptual framework for water accounting and provides generic terminologies and procedures to describe the status of water resource use and consequences of water resources related actions. The framework applies to water resource use at three levels of analysis: a use level such as an irrigated field or household, a service level such as an irrigation or water supply system, and a water basin level that may include several uses. Water accounting terminology and performance indicators are developed and presented with examples at all the three levels. Concepts and terminologies presented are developed to be supportive in a number of activities including: identification of opportunities for water savings and increasing water...
Tipo: Book Palavras-chave: Water management; Irrigation management; Water supply; Terminology; Performance indexes; Water use; Water allocation; Productivity; Water balance; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113623
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TRANSITION AND TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY IN AGRICULTURE 1992 - 1999 AgEcon
Cungu, Azeta; Swinnen, Johan F.M..
This study measures multifactor agricultural productivity for 23 transition economies in Central and Eastern Europe (CEECs) and the Former Soviet Union (FSUs), studied over 1992 to1999. During the reform period, almost all countries in the CEEC have shown continuous productivity improvements compared to 1992, while in more than half of the FSUs productivity was still below its 1992 levels. On the average, aggregate productivity has increased by 20.9 percent in the CEECs and declined by 4.7 percent in the FSUs. These developments reflect changes in resource use and technical progress in 1999 compared to 1992. Technological change has been slow or declining in many of the former soviet republics while contributing positively to productivity changes in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31873
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Rational Inefficiencies AgEcon
Bogetoft, Peter; Hougaard, Jens Leth.
In this paper, we suggest that inefficiency may be an indirect, on-the-job compensation to agents in an organization. We show how to use actual production data to reveal the trade-offs between different inefficiencies (slacks). Moreover, we discuss how to use this to improve productivity analysis as well as decision making and incentive provisions in organizations.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Efficiency; Preferences; Incentives; Bargaining; Planning; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24191
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CHANGING PRODUCTIVITY AND EXPORTS IN THE AUSTRALIAN MEAT PROCESSING INDUSTRIES AgEcon
Jahan, Nilufar.
The meat processing industry is a significant contributor to the Australian economy. It generates substantial employment and export earnings. Hence, the growth of the meat processing industry is an important issue for Australia. The meat processing industry and its share in total Australian agriculture exports grew marginally over the last few years. The aim of this paper is to quantitatively analyse the effects of productivity changes, as measured by the total factor productivity (TFP) on the share of meat in total agricultural exports.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36202
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ORGANIZATION OF A TOTAL FOOD INDUSTRY SYSTEM TO MAXIMIZE HUMAN PRODUCTIVITY: THE UNITED STATES CASE AgEcon
Cain, Jarvis L..
The author discusses the alternative methods of organizing human resources to maximize productivity in a total food industry system.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1980 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27313
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Assessing the costs of measuring biodiversity: methodological and empirical issues AgEcon
Targetti, Stefano; Viaggi, Davide; Cuming, David; Sarthou, J.P.; Choisis, J.P..
Organic and low-input farming practices are considered keystones for the conservation of biodiversity in semi-natural systems. Accordingly, attention to the assessment of the benefits stemming from these activities is increasing in order to provide a solid base for the adoption of agro-environmental incentives and to support their monitoring and evaluation. The evaluation of the positive effects of organic and low-input farming activities on biodiversity is limited mainly by: the difficulty in proposing simple and widely-applicable indicators of biodiversity, and the substantial lack of data concerning the costs of measuring biodiversity - an essential element for a cost-effectiveness analysis. Moreover, the limited scientific literature available is based...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Biodiversity measurement; Research costs; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109414
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Human Capital Productivity, and Labor Allocation in Rural Pakistan AgEcon
Fafchamps, Marcel; Quisumbing, Agnes R..
This paper investigates whether human capital affects the productivity and labor allocation of rural households in four districts of Pakistan. The investigation shows that households with better-educated males earn higher off-farm income and divert labor resources away from farm activities toward nonfarm work. Education has no significant effect on productivity in crop and livestock production. The effect of human capital on household incomes is partly realized through the reallocation of labor from low-productivity activities to nonfarm work. Female education and nutrition do not affect productivity and labor allocation in any systematic fashion, a finding that is consistent with the marginal role women play in market-oriented activities in Pakistan. As a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Female Labor; Income distribution; Gender issues; Labor productivity; Pakistan; Gender; Childcare; Work; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97040
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National Conferencs on Water, Food Security and Climate Change in Sri Lanka, Volume 3; Proceeding of the Policies, Institutions and Data Needs for Water Management, BMICH, Colomba June 9-11, 2009 AgEcon
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Water resource management; Water governance; Organizations; Institutions; Water policy; Water rights; Irrigation management; Participatory management; Farmers organizations; Capacity building; Irrigation efficiency; Water demand; Water supply; Irrigation schemes; Operations; Maintenance; Groundwater management; Models; Economic analysis; Food security; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118415
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Theme Overview: Agricultural Productivity and Global Food Security in the Long Run AgEcon
Alston, Julian M.; Pardey, Philip G..
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93976
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COORDINATING PRODUCTION AND DISPOSAL OF COMMODITY STOCKPILES WITH APPLICATION TO AUSTRALIA'S WOOL INDUSTRY AgEcon
Hertzler, Greg.
Following the dismantling of a price-support program, a central bureaucracy is left with a commodity stockpile to dispose. It happened with wheat and feed grains in the U.S. in 1986 and wool in Australia in 1991. It soon may happen in Europe with grains, manufactured dairy products and other commodities which have supported prices. Obvious policies include privatising the stockpile, disposing of the stockpile by a central bureaucracy and quarantining the stockpile from the market. Each policy imposes constraints on disposal based, perhaps, on judgments of political acceptability to producers and government. In this article, optimal rules for production and disposal are derived and solved and a new policy is proposed. Then the model is applied to the...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22427
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2009 Michigan Upper Peninsula Dairy Business Analysis Summary AgEcon
Wittenberg, Eric; Wolf, Christopher A..
This report summarizes the financial and production records of 18 dairy farms across the Upper Peninsula (UP) of Michigan. To be included, the farms must have produced at least 50 percent of gross cash farm income from milk and dairy animal sales. The records came from Michigan State University’s TelFarm project and Farm Credit Service system in Michigan. Farm records checked for accuracy. Average values are reported in the summary tables and discussion that follows but readers should note that considerable variation exists in most measures.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100919
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A NOTE ON THE EFFECTS ON YIELDS OF SHIFTS IN THE AUSTRALIAN WHEAT BELT AgEcon
Brennan, John P.; Spohr, Lorraine J..
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Marketing; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1985 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22326
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Is There Surplus Labor in Rural India? AgEcon
Foster, Andrew D.; Rosenzweig, Mark R..
We show empirically using panel data at the plot and farm level and based on a model incorporating supervision costs, risk, credit-market imperfections and scale-economies associated with mechanization that small-scale farming is inefficient in India. Larger farms are more profitable per acre, more mechanized, less constrained in input use after bad shocks, and employ less per-acre labor than small farms. Based on our structural estimates of the effects of farm size on labor use and the distribution of Indian landholdings, we estimate that over 20% of the Indian agricultural labor force is surplus if minimum farm scale is 20 acres.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agriculture; India; Scale; Profits; Labor; Tractors; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty; O13; O16; O53.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95273
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Stochastic Production Frontiers and Decomposition of Output Growth: The case of citrus-growing farms in Tunisia AgEcon
Dhehibi, Boubaker; Elloumi, Mohamed.
The aim of this paper is to investigate the relative contribution of technical efficiency, technological change and increased input use to the output growth of the Tunisian citrus growing farms using a stochastic frontier production function approach applied to panel data for the period 2003-2005. Knowledge of the relative contribution of factors productivity and input use to output growth and improvements in technical efficiency is crucial to provide a comprehensive view of the state of the citrus producing sector in the country and help farm managers and policy makers draw appropriate policy measures. The proposed methodology is based on the use of a flexible translog functional form. Results indicate that technical efficiency of production in citrus...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Citrus sector; Tunisia; Productivity; Technical change; Technical efficiency.; Crop Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; Q12; O30; O47..
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49953
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Sources of Agricultural Productivity Growth in Central Asia AgEcon
Lerman, Zvi; Sedik, David J..
The paper examines agricultural production and productivity growth in two Central Asian countries – Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Both countries are characterized by a significant shift of resources from the traditional Soviet model of collective agriculture to more market-compliant individual and family farming. In both countries, the beginning of the policy-driven switch to family farming around 1997 coincided with the beginning of recovery in agriculture, namely resumption of agricultural growth after a phase of transition decline since 1991. In addition to growth in total agricultural production, we also observe significant increases in productivity of both land and labor since 1997. These observations suggest that productivity growth may be attributable...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural productivity; Agricultural growth; Family farms; Corporate farms; Comparative performance; Agrarian reforms; Transition countries; Central Asia; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; P27; P31; P32; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49312
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The Use of Bootstrapped Malmquist Indices to Reassess Productivity Change Findings: An Application to a Sample of Polish Farms AgEcon
Balcombe, Kelvin George; Davidova, Sophia; Latruffe, Laure.
The paper assesses the extent to which sampling variation affects findings about Malmquist productivity change derived using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), in the first stage calculating productivity indices and in the second stage investigating the farm-specific change in productivity. Confidence intervals for Malmquist indices are constructed using Simar and Wilson's (1999) bootstrapping procedure. The main contribution of the paper is to account in the second stage for the information provided by the bootstrap in the first stage. The DEA standard errors of the Malmquist indices given by bootstrapping are employed in an innovative heteroscedastic panel regression, using a maximum likelihood procedure. The application is to a sample of 250 Polish farms...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Productivity; Malmquist; Bootstrapping; Second-stage regression; Poland; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25793
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An empirical analysis of factors affecting the productivity of livestock in southern Botswana AgEcon
Mahabile, M.; Lyne, Michael C.; Panin, A..
This study attempts to identify factors responsible for differences in the productivity of cattle managed by private and communal livestock farmers in the southern region of Botswana during 1999/2000. Sample survey data are used to estimate the parameters of a block recursive regression model. Some of the equations postulated in the model are estimated with two-stage least squares (2SLS) to account for likely correlation between endogenous explanatory variables and the error term. The results show that (a) respondents with secure land tenure (private farms) and larger herds use more agricultural credit than do those who rely on open access communal grazing to raise cattle; (b) secure tenure and higher levels of liquidity from long-term credit and off-farm...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31718
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