SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Suantika, G.; Dhert, Ph.; Nurhudah, M.; Sorgeloos, P..

Rotifers were reared on the artificial diet culture Selco® in batch and recirculation conditions at different water exchange rates. The different rearing conditions resulted in considerable changes in water quality, which in their turn affected rotifer growth and food consumption. At a daily water exchange rate of 100%, no positive effect was obtained in rotifer growth compared to the batch rearing system, but the rotifer culture period could be prolonged by 1 week. By increasing the daily water exchange rate from 100 to 300% the maximum rotifer density could be significantly (P < 0.05) increased from 1800 to 2500 individuals ml-1. At the highest recirculation rate (daily water exchange of 500%) the highest...

Feeding of the brine shrimp Artemia on yeast: effect of mechanical disturbance, animal density, water quality and light intensity

Palavras-chave: Aquaculture systems; Batch culture; Population density; Recirculating systems; Water quality; Zooplankton culture; Brachionus plicatilis; Rotifera.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=44

Coutteau, P.; Sorgeloos, P..

Details are given of experiments conducted to determine the effects of tank culture conditions on the feeding of Artemia. Mechanical disturbance, animal density and water quality were found to affect the feeding rate of Artemia. The importance of culture conditions in maintaining a rate of food consumption which does not limit the growth of the brine shrimp is stressed.

Het Schelde-estuarium als filter: een bioreactor van stofstromen

Palavras-chave: Brine shrimp culture; Culture tanks; Feeding; Water quality; Artemia.

Ano: 1989

URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=2811

Van Damme, S.; Meire, P..

The Scheldt estuary is exposed to large loads of carbon and nutrients. This leads to a eutrophication problem characterized by reduced oxygen concentrations and a huge efflux of CO2. In the coastal waters a degradation of the foodchain is noted caused by excessive nutrient supply. The capacity of the estuary to polish the water is important but can not cope with the vast scale of the immissions. Restoration and development of tidal wetlands can contribute in several ways to restore the water quality. Increase of water treatment is expected to have positive ecological results. Nevertheless, restoration of the oxygen conditions might counteract some purifying processes.

Het Schelde-estuarium: toekomstvisie

Palavras-chave: Degradation; Estuaries; Eutrophication; Food chains; Nutrients (mineral); Water quality.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/280697.pdf

Coosen, J.; Van den Bergh, E.; Ysebaert, T.J.; Meire, P..

Water quality improvement is the main concern of the ICBS (International Committee for the Protection of the Schelde). In 1998 the river states accepted an Action Plan that has to lead to significant improvements in overall ecological values in 2010. The challenge of water management in the estuary is working together (Flanders & The Netherlands) towards an integration of three characteristic functions of the system: - Safety against flooding; - A good accessibility of the ports; - Conservation of estuarine dynamics and improvement of the marine, brackish and freshwater habitats. In order to facilitate a choice in the near future, a longterm vision has been worked out. Four alternatives are sketched, that differ in...

Degree of phosphorus saturation threshold for minimizing P losses by runoff in cropland soils of Southern Brazil

Palavras-chave: Access; Bilateral agreements; Estuarine dynamics; Flood prevention; Habitat improvement; Harbours; Water policy; Water quality.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/280719.pdf

PAB

Bortolon,Leandro; Ernani,Paulo Roberto; Bortolon,Elisandra Solange Oliveira; Gianello,Clesio; Almeida,Rodrigo Gabriel Oliveira de; Welter,Samuel; Rogeri,Douglas Antônio.

Abstract The objective of this work was to assess the risk of phosphorus losses by runoff through an index based on the degree of P saturation (DPS), in cropland soils of Southern Brazil. Sixty-five highly representative cropland soils from the region were evaluated. Three labile P forms were measured (Mehlich-1, Mehlich-3, and ammonium oxalate), and four P sorption indexes were tested (phosphorus single sorption point and Fe+Al determined with the three extractors). Water-extractable P (WEP) was used as an index of P susceptibility to losses by surface runoff. The DPS was determined from the ratio between labile P and each sorption index. DPS values obtained from the ratio between Mehlich-1 P and the single P sorption point ranged from 1 to 25%, whereas...

Modeling environmental risk and land management trade-offs in the Great Barrier Reef catchment

Palavras-chave: Eutrophication; Runoff; Single P sorption point; Water quality.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2016000901088

Mallawaarachchi, Thilak; Mazur, Kasia; Lawson, Kenton.

We develop a catchment scale modeling framework to identify cost-effective strategies for joint onsite abatement and offsite mitigation of land-based pollution from agricultural activities that pose a risk to water quality in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). An illustrative example of the Barron catchment in north Queensland is used to demonstrate an approach to specify social planner's problem for non-point source pollution management as a cost minimisation model to meet a specified reduction in land-based pollution emissions at the receiving waters of GBR. We focus on the tradeoffs between onsite pollution control and offsite pollution mitigation under a collective contract for nutrient reduction at a sub-catchment level and discuss implementation options.

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Non-point source pollution; Water quality; Land use; Cost-effectiveness; Coastal zone management; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10377

MORBIDITY/MORTALITY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT OF SWINE IN THE UNITED STATES

The Designation of Co-benefits and Its Implication for Policy: Water Quality versus Carbon Sequestration in Agricultural Soils

Bush, Eric J..

A national survey on swine health was conducted by the National Animal Health Monitoring System ( NAHMS ) from December 1989 through January 1991. The survey sample was designed in collaboration with the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS ) in order to provide inferences about the nation's hog population, 95 percent of which was represented. The program consisted of two parts: the first was a general farm management and policy questionnaire that was completed by 1,661 producers. The second part of the program was a monitoring phase that took place over a three-month period for each of 712 participating producers. Per litter estimates for the national population showed an average of 9.9 piglets born alive and 8.4 weaned. Estimates attributed 57...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Swine; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Production; Morbidity; Mortality; Births; Litter size; Prevention; Disease; Docking; Teeth clipping; Vaccination; Injection; Antibiotics; Water quality; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 1992

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32761

Secchi, Silvia; Jha, Manoj K.; Kurkalova, Lyubov A.; Feng, Hongli; Gassman, Philip W.; Kling, Catherine L..

This study investigates the implications of treating different environmental benefits as the primary target of policy design. We focus on two scenarios, estimating for both of them in-stream sediment, nutrient loadings, and carbon sequestration. In the first, we assess the impact of a program designed to improve water quality in Iowa on carbon sequestration, and in the second, we calculate the water quality impact of a program aimed at maximizing carbon sequestration. In both cases, the policy instrument is the retirement of land from agricultural production. Our results, limited to the state of Iowa, and to the case of set-aside for water quality or carbon sequestration purposes, indicate that the amount of co-benefits depends on what indicators are used...

Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper

Palavras-chave: Carbon sequestration; Co-benefits; Environmental benefits targeting; Iowa; Land set-aside; Water quality; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18353

Land Use Change and Ecosystem Valuation in North Georgia

Ngugi, Daniel; Mullen, Jeffrey D.; Bergstrom, John C..

This study seeks to forecast land use change in a North Georgia ecosystem, and estimate the economic value of the ecosystem using benefit transfer techniques. We forecast land use change based on a structural time series model and a simple growth rate model. The study suggests a lower bound willingness to pay value of about USD 16,000 per year to ensure compliance with fishing and drinking water quality standards with regard to fecal coliform bacteria and dissolved oxygen. Conservation efforts are likely to cost less than the cost of defensive behavior or ecosystem restoration.

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Ecosystem; Economic value; North Georgia; Land use; Water quality; Structural time series; Benefit transfer; Forecasting.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q51; Q53; Q57.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46853

Something in the Water? Testing for Groundwater Quality Information in the Housing Market

A DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF WATER QUALITY POLICIES ON IRRIGATION INVESTMENT AND CROP CHOICE DECISIONS

McLaughlin, Patrick A..

I test the level of information regarding possible groundwater contamination in the residential real estate market in Washington County, Minnesota. An approximately seven square-mile trichloroethylene plume has affected hundreds of households’ water supplies since at least 1988 in the region. I find that homeowners were initially well-informed by market forces, but were later somewhat misinformed by government actions regarding the potential of water contamination from the plume. A disclosure law passed in 2003 may have added new, low-cost, and imperfect information to the market that could explain the change in informational awareness.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Disclosure law; Environmental disamenity; Groundwater; Groundwater contamination; Hedonic model; Incomplete information; Water quality; Real estate; Consumer/Household Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117207

Wu, JunJie; Mapp, Harry P., Jr.; Bernardo, Daniel J..

A dynamic model is developed to analyze farmers' irrigation investment and crop choice decisions under alternative water quality protection policies. The model is applied to an empirical example in the Oklahoma High Plains. The choices of crops and irrigation systems and the resulting levels of irrigation, income, and nitrogen runoff and percolation are simulated over a ten-year period. An effluent tax on nitrogen runoff and percolation is shown to be effective in reducing nitrate pollution. The efficacy of cost sharing in adopting modern irrigation technologies and restrictions on irrigation water use depends on soil type. A tax on nitrogen use is shown to be the least effective policy.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Crop selection; Dynamic optimization; Irrigation investment; Water quality; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 1994

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15167

Best Management Practices to Enhance Water Quality: Who is Adopting Them?

Ghazalian, Pascal L.; Larue, Bruno; West, Gale E..

This study investigates the determinants affecting producers’ adoption of some Best Management Practices (BMPs). Priors about the signs of certain variables are explicitly accounted for by testing for inequality restrictions through importance sampling. Education, gender, age, and on-farm residence are found to have significant effects on the adoption of some BMPs. Farms with larger animal production are more apt to implement manure management practices, crop rotation, and riparian buffer strips. Also, farms with larger cultivated acres are more inclined to implement herbicide control practices, crop rotation, and riparian buffer strips. Belonging to an agro-environment club has a positive impact for most BMPs.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Adoption; Bayesian analysis; Best management practices; Priors; Runoff; Water quality; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Q12; Q25; C11.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56655

PESTICIDE TAX, CROPPING PATTERNS, AND WATER QUALITY IN SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS

Shumway, C. Richard; Chesser, Rayanne R..

The impact of an ad valorem pesticide tax on cropping patterns and pesticide use was examined in the South Central Texas Crop Reporting District. Output supply equations were econometrically estimated and used in the simulation. A 25 percent tax on pesticide was estimated to have major impacts on cropping patterns and on pesticide use. Assuming other input and output prices were unaffected, the supply of one important crop would fall by more than half. Demand for some of the highly soluble and persistent pesticides, which present the greatest threat to groundwater quality, would also decrease substantially (some as much as 50 percent).

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Crops; Dual model; Pesticides; Water quality; Supply; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 1994

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15433

How can marketing theory be applied to policy design to deliver on sustainable agriculture in England?

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool: Historical Development, Applications, and Future Research Directions

Barns, Sandra A.; Willoughby, B.E.; Kaine, Geoff; Lourey, R.; Murdoch, H..

Marketing theory was applied to develop a qualitative tool to predict levels of compliance based on involvement with the issue (policy objective) and involvement with the intervention (regulation). Based on an understanding farmer decision-making, the I3 Response Framework can help identify strategies that can strongly influence compliance, providing more efficient targeting of resources for policy. We report on further testing by application to the issue of water quality and the regulations around slurry storage as part of the Nitrate Pollution Prevention Regulations 2008 as applicable to dairy farmers in the Derwent catchment of North Yorkshire, England

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Policy; I3 Response Framework; Involvement; Water quality; Slurry storage; Nitrogen Vulnerable Zone; Regulation; Nitrate Pollution Prevention Regulations 2008; NPPR2008; Agricultural and Food Policy.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50934

Gassman, Philip W.; Reyes, Manuel R.; Green, Colleen H.; Arnold, Jeffrey G..

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is a continuation of nearly 30 years of modeling efforts conducted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service. SWAT has gained international acceptance as a robust interdisciplinary watershed modeling tool, as evidenced by international SWAT conferences, hundreds of SWAT-related papers presented at numerous scientific meetings, and dozens of articles published in peer-reviewed journals. The model has also been adopted as part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's BASINS (Better Assessment Science Integrating Point & Nonpoint Sources) software package and is being used by many U.S. federal and state agencies, including the USDA within the Conservation Effects...

Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper

Palavras-chave: Developmental history; Flow analysis; Modeling; SWAT; Water quality; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10285

Groundwater pollution and emerging environmental challenges of industrial effluent irrigation in Mettupalayam Taluk, Tamil Nadu

Mukherjee, Sacchidananda; Nelliyat, Prakash.

Industrial disposal of effluents on land and the subsequent pollution of groundwater and soil of surrounding farmlands – is a relatively new area of research. The environmental and socioeconomic aspects of industrial effluent irrigation have not been studied as extensively as domestic sewage based irrigation practices, at least for a developing country like India. The disposal of effluents on land has become a regular practice for some industries. Industries located in Mettupalayam Taluk, Tamil Nadu, dispose their effluents on land, and the farmers of the adjacent farmlands have complained that their shallow open wells get polluted and also the salt content of the soil has started building up slowly. This study attempts to capture the environmental and...

Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper

Palavras-chave: Groundwater; Water pollution; Income; Water quality; Irrigation water; Effluents; Wells; Drinking water; Domestic water; Households; Soil salinity; Crop management; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91902

Phosphorus Imbalances in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Can Forestland and Manure Processing Facilities Be the Answers?

Catma, Serkan; Collins, Alan R..

A mixed-integer linear programming model was formulated to minimize the cost of transport and processing of excess manure in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. The results showed that primarily poultry manure was moved out of surplus counties for land application or processing. In the base model, annual cost was more than $350 million, with the bulk of the cost arising from construction of energy facilities for poultry manure. Forestland application of poultry manure had the lowest average cost, and more forestland than agricultural land was used for manure application. The lowest cost scenario was $127 million annually when constraints were removed to expand manure application on agricultural land and allow unlimited construction of composting facilities. Such...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Mathematical programming; Water quality; Animal manure; Composting; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/106063

ACCOUNTING FOR SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WATERSHEDS IN EVALUATING WATER POLLUTION ABATEMENT POLICIES