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Registros recuperados: 34
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PRIMARY DETERMINANTS AND THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF CORRUPTION AgEcon
Ortega, David L.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Delbecq, Benoit A..
This paper analyzes the spatial distribution of corruption and its primary economic and political determinants. Economic freedom and development are found to lower incidences of corruption. Of notable significance, this study finds empirical evidence of a non-linear relationship between a country’s level of democracy and corruption. Extreme authoritarian regimes are found to have lower corruption levels than hybrid regimes, but past a certain threshold democracy inhibits corruption. More importantly the analysis in this paper finds that the economic and political actions of a country have a significant impact on corruption levels worldwide.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Corruption; Spatial econometrics; Economic freedom; Political democracy; Political Economy; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C21; D73; H11.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101395
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Meta-Regression Estimates for CGE Models: A Case Study for Input Substitution Elasticities in Production Agriculture AgEcon
Boys, Kathryn A.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M..
The selection of appropriate parameters for computable general equilibrium (CGE) models critically affects the results of applied economic modeling exercises. Valid and reliable parameter selection models are needed, and typically comprise direct estimation, expert opinion, or copycatting of results from seminal studies. The purpose of this study is to use meta-analysis to summarize and more accurately estimate elasticities of input substitution, specifically between labor and other inputs in agricultural production. We construct a comprehensive database of elasticity estimates through an extensive literature review, and perform a meta-regression analysis to identify structural sources of variation in elasticity estimates sampled from primary studies. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Meta-analysis; Cross-price elasticity; Input substitu¬tion; Agricultural production; CGE parameters; Demand and Price Analysis; C13; C68; Q13.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9683
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A Meta-Analysis of the Willingness to Pay for Reductions in Pesticide Risk Exposure AgEcon
Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Travisi, Chiara M.; Nijkamp, Peter.
The use of environmental policy instruments such as eco-labelling and pesticide taxes should preferably be based on disaggregate estimates of the individuals’' willingness to pay (WTP) for pesticide risk reductions. We review the empirical valuation literature dealing with pesticide risk exposure and develop a taxonomy of environmental and human health risks associated with pesticide usage. Subsequently, we use meta-analysis to investigate the variation in WTP estimates for reduced pesticide risk exposure. Our findings show that the WTP for reduced risk exposure is approximately 15% greater for medium, and 80% greater for high risk-levels, as compared to low risk levels. The income elasticity of pesticide risk exposure is generally positive, although not...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19524
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DETERMINANTS OF INVESTMENT FLOWS IN U.S. MANUFACTURING AgEcon
Brown, Jason P.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; McNamara, Kevin T..
The purpose of the paper is to test the long-run steady state of growth factors hypothesized to influence U.S. manufacturing investment flows. These factors include agglomeration, market structure, labor, infrastructure, and fiscal policy. Spatial cross-regressive and spatial Durbin models are used to measure the spatial interaction of investment flows. Spatial spillovers are found to be of a competitive nature at the state level, implying that a factor which attracts more investment to a particular state is associated with lower investments in neighboring states. Investment flows to states with higher market demand, more productive labor, and more localized agglomeration of manufacturing activity.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Manufacturing; Investment; Spatial Durbin model; Community/Rural/Urban Development; L60; R11; R30.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54835
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The Effect of Entry by Supercenter and Warehouse Club Retailers on Grocery Sales and Small Supermarkets: A Spatial Analysis AgEcon
Martens, Bobby J.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Dooley, Frank J..
This research evaluates the effects of entry by supercenters and warehouse clubs on retail grocery sales and the exit of small supermarkets. Drawing on literature from trade area analysis, agglomeration, and location theory, spatial econometric models are estimated. Results suggest that warehouse and supercenter stores have a significant and large effect on the change in grocery sales and the exit of small supermarkets operating at the county level.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agribusiness.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19176
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Agricultural Productivity and Anticipated Climate Change in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Spatial Sample Selection Model AgEcon
Ward, Patrick S.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Flores-Lagunes, Alfonso.
A cereal yield response function is estimated conditional upon environmental and topographical features to detect the effects of spatial heterogeneity and spatial dependence in explaining agricultural productivity across Sub-Saharan Africa. Controlling for direct and localized spillover effects, we then estimate the effect that projected changes in temperature and precipitation as a result of global climate change will have on agricultural production. We find that the estimated declines found in the climatological literature may overestimate actual declines, and factors such as spatial heterogeneity (i.e., country fixed effects) are profoundly more important to agricultural production.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural Production; Climate Change; Applied Spatial Econometrics; Sample Selection; Generalized Method of Moments Estimation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Productivity Analysis; I3; Q18; C50.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61635
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Obesity in Urban Food Markets: Evidence from Geo-referenced Micro Data AgEcon
Chen, Susan E.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Snyder, Samantha D..
This paper provides quantitative estimates of the effect of proximity to fast food restaurants and grocery stores on obesity in urban food markets. Our empirical model combined georeferenced micro data on access to fast food restaurants and grocery stores with data about salient personal characteristics, individual behaviors, and neighborhood characteristics. We defined a "local food environment" for every individual utilizing 0.5-mile buffers around a person's home address. Local food landscapes are potentially endogenous due to spatial sorting of the population and food outlets, and the body mass index (BMI) values for individuals living close to each other are likely to be spatially correlated because of observed and unobserved individual and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Obesity; Fast food; Grocery store; Spatial econometrics; Micro data; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C31; D12; I12; I18.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49512
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Growth and Technological Leadership in US Industries: A Spatial Econometric Analysis at the State Level, 1963–-1997 AgEcon
Pede, Valerien O.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; de Groot, Henri L.F..
For several decades, cross-country analyses have dominated the literature on economic growth. Recently, these analyses have been extended to include sectoral variation as well as spatial variation across sub-national regions. This paper investigates economic growth and potential determinants of the process of catch-up to technology leaders for several economic sectors, using data for the lower 48 US states from 1963 through 1997. We analyze the potential influence of factors such as human capital, and geographical distance to the technology leader. A spatially explicit growth model in which technological progress is endogenously determined is used to model productivity growth in nine US industries, ranging from mining to government, and including a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Regional economic growth; Convergence; Industry level; Technological leadership; Spatial econometrics; Industrial Organization; C21; I23; O33; R12.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9691
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Entry, Ownership Form, and Spatial Location: An Analysis of the Hotel Industry AgEcon
Helmers, Claes Gustav; Connor, John M.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Vroom, Govert.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/24/09.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Marketing.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49561
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SPATIOTEMPORAL MODELING OF AGRICULTURAL YIELD MONITOR DATA AgEcon
Nistor, Adela P.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Lowenberg-DeBoer, James; Brown, Jason P..
Replaced with revised version of paper 03/06/08.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Corn; Drainage; Precision agriculture; Spatial panel model; Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; O18; Q18; R15; R38; R58.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6717
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A Spatial Hedonic Model with Time-Varying Parameters: A New Method Using Flexible Least Squares AgEcon
Kuethe, Todd H.; Foster, Kenneth A.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M..
The following paper outlines a new econometric model designed to capture both the temporal and spatial dynamics of housing prices. The paper combines existing spatial econometric techniques with a model that allows parameters to evolve over time. In addition, we provide an empirical application to the price effects of confined animal feeding operations to a data set of residential real estate in Tippecanoe County, Indiana from 1993 through 2006.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6306
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Field-Scale Experimental Designs and Spatial Econometric Methods for Precision Farming: Strip-Trial Designs for Rice Production Decision Making AgEcon
Griffin, Terry W.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Lowenberg-DeBoer, James.
Site-specific data is spatially variable, precluding traditional econometric analysis. Some field-scale experimental designs present logistical, operational and mathematical problems in estimating treatment differences, specifically when adjacent observations are of different treatments such as with strip-trial designs. A modified spatial interaction structure is presented to analyze strip-trial designs with spatial econometrics.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35367
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TECHNOLOGICAL LEADERSHIP, HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: A SPATIAL ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS FOR U.S. COUNTIES, 1969-2003* AgEcon
Pede, Valerien O.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; de Groot, Henri L.F..
The traditional view of cities as monocentric conglomerates of people clustered around an employment center, driving economic growth in cities that subsequently trickles down to the hinterland, is increasingly being challenged. In particular, the role of space, technological leadership, human capital, increasing returns to scale and industrial clustering as well as hierarchical organization principles have been emphasized in the more recent literature. This paper utilizes exploratory and spatial econometric data analysis techniques to investigate these issues for U.S. counties using data from 1969 through 2003. Ultimately, contiguous and hierarchical organization and interaction patterns are captured using an endogenous growth model allowing for spatial...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28630
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Modeling Non-Linear Spatial Dynamics: A Family of Spatial STAR Models and an Application to U.S. Economic Growth AgEcon
Pede, Valerien O.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Holt, Matthew T..
This paper investigates non-linearity in spatial processes models and allows for a gradual regime-switching structure in the form of a smooth transition autoregressive process. Until now, applications of the smooth transition autoregressive (STAR) model have been largely confined to the time series context. The paper focuses on extending the non-linear smooth transition perspective to spatial processes models, in which spatial correlation is taken into account through the use of a so-called weights matrix identifying the topology of the spatial system. We start by deriving a non-linearity test for a simple spatial model, in which spatial correlation is only included in the transition function. Next, we propose a non-linearity test for a model that includes...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Spatial econometrics; Non-linearity; Utoregressive smooth transition; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C12; C21; C51; O18; R11.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6518
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CLIMATE CHANGE AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: A SPATIAL SAMPLE SELECTION MODEL AgEcon
Ward, Patrick S.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Flores-Lagunes, Alfonso.
Using data at a high spatial resolution, we estimate a cereal yield response function conditional upon climatological and topographical features using a recently developed estimator for spatial process models when sample selection is of concern. We control for localized spatial correlation in unobserved disturbances affecting both the selection to plant cereals as well as in the resulting conditional yield response. We find that cereal yields across Sub-Saharan Africa will decline with increasing temperatures resulting from global climate change, and that failing to control for sample selection leads to underestimation of these adverse effects.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural productivity; Climate change; Spatial econometrics; Sample selection; Generalized method of moments; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C31; Q18; C50.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116182
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BANDWIDTH SELECTION FOR SPATIAL HAC AND OTHER ROBUST COVARIANCE ESTIMATORS AgEcon
Lambert, Dayton M.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Cho, Seong-Hoon.
This research note documents estimation procedures and results for an empirical investigation of the performance of the recently developed spatial, heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent (HAC) covariance estimator calibrated with different kernel bandwidths. The empirical example is concerned with a hedonic price model for residential property values. The first bandwidth approach varies an a priori determined plug-in bandwidth criterion. The second method is a data driven cross-validation approach to determine the optimal neighborhood. The third approach uses a robust semivariogram to determine the range over which residuals are spatially correlated. Inference becomes more conservative as the plug-in bandwidth is increased. The data-driven...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Spatial HAC; Semivariogram; Bandwidth; Hedonic model; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C13; C31; R21.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44258
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BANDWIDTH SELECTION FOR SPATIAL HAC AND OTHER ROBUST COVARIANCE ESTIMATORS AgEcon
Lambert, Dayton M.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Cho, Seong-Hoon.
This research note documents estimation procedures and results for an empirical investigation of the performance of the recently developed spatial, heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent (HAC) covariance estimator calibrated with different kernel bandwidths. The empirical example is concerned with a hedonic price model for residential property values. The first bandwidth approach varies an a priori determined plug-in bandwidth criterion. The second method is a data driven cross-validation approach to determine the optimal neighborhood. The third approach uses a robust semivariogram to determine the range over which residuals are spatially correlated. Inference becomes more conservative as the plug-in bandwidth is increased. The data-driven...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Spatial HAC; Semivariogram; Bandwidth; Hedonic model; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C13; C31; R21.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45964
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Technological Leadership and Sectoral Employment Growth: A Spatial Econometric Analysis for U.S. Counties AgEcon
Pede, Valerien O.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; de Groot, Henri L.F..
This paper investigates the determinants of technological catch-up and examines at a refined level of spatial and sectoral aggregation to what extent geographical and/or technological proximity to the technology leader impact regional employment growth. Technological progress is endogenously determined and depends on specialization, competition and diversity. We also allow technological progress to depend on agglomeration economies in proximate regions, and model technological progress by means of a hierarchical process of catch-up to the technology leader. Results indicate that human capital plays a crucial role in promoting sectoral employment growth. The effect of technological distance varies, depending on which sector is considered. Technological...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Regional employment growth; Technology leadership; Space; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; R11; R12; C21; O32; O47.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102827
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A TWO-STEP ESTIMATOR FOR A SPATIAL LAG MODEL OF COUNTS: THEORY, SMALL SAMPLE PERFORMANCE AND AN APPLICATION AgEcon
Lambert, Dayton M.; Brown, Jason P.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M..
Several spatial econometric approaches are available to model spatially correlated disturbances in count models, but there are at present no structurally consistent count models incorporating spatial lag autocorrelation. A two-step, limited information maximum likelihood estimator is proposed to fill this gap. The estimator is developed assuming a Poisson distribution, but can be extended to other count distributions. The small sample properties of the estimator are evaluated with Monte Carlo experiments. Simulation results suggest that the spatial lag count estimator achieves gains in terms of bias over the aspatial version as spatial lag autocorrelation and sample size increase. An empirical example deals with the location choice of single-unit start-up...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Count model; Location choice; Manufacturing; Poisson; Spatial econometrics; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C21; C25; D21; R12; R30.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59780
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The Role of Knowledge Externalities in the Spatial Distribution of Economic Growth: A Spatial Econometric Analysis for US Counties, 1969–2003 AgEcon
Pede, Valerien O.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; de Groot, Henri L.F..
The traditional view of cities as monocentric conglomerates of people clustered around an employment center, driving economic growth in cities that subsequently trickles down to the hinterland, is increasingly being challenged. In particular, the role of space, technological leadership, human capital, increasing returns to scale and industrial clustering as well as hierarchical organization principles have been emphasized in the more recent literature. This paper utilizes exploratory and spatial econometric data analysis techniques to investigate these issues for US counties using data from 1969 through 2003. Ultimately, contiguous and hierarchical organization and interaction patterns are captured using an endogenous growth model allowing for spatial...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21157
Registros recuperados: 34
Primeira ... 12 ... Última
 

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