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Brazilian cleaner birds: update and brief reappraisal Biota Neotropica
Sazima,Ivan; Sazima,Cristina.
Some bird species feed on external parasites, such as ticks and flies, on the body of mammals (hosts or clients). So called cleaner birds that occur in Brazil were reviewed recently, but gathering of significant new data indicates the need for an update and a brief reappraisal of such association. New records raise the number of known clients for some cleaning birds. The Southern Caracara (Caracara plancus) picks ticks on cattle, and the Black Caracara (Daptrius ater) picks ticks on capybaras. The Wattled Jacana (Jacana jacana) picks ticks, horseflies, arthropods and organic debris on capybaras, and tick-picking on capybaras by the Shiny Cowbird (Molothrus bonariensis) is substantiated by photographs. The Cattle Tyrant (Machetornis rixosa) deftly catches...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Cleaning symbiosis; Ardeidae; Falconidae; Jacanidae; Tyrannidae; Icteridae.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032010000100028
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Fishing behaviour by Black Caracaras (Daptrius ater) in the Amazon Biota Neotropica
Olmos,Fabio; Sazima,Ivan.
The Black Caracara is a widespread raptor in the Amazonian lowlands, mostly associated to riverine habitats. This bird is considered as a generalist scavenger that occasionally takes small prey and feeds on fruit. Here we report on Black Caracaras foraging on live small fish caught while moving upriver in the Rio Roosevelt rapids in the Amazonas state, northwestern Brazil. Fish were picked individually either with the bill or talons in a stretch of shallow water plenty of aquatic plants. This fishing behaviour seems unreported and adds another feeding mode to the already diversified portfolio of foraging strategies for the Caracarini.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Raptorial birds Black Caracara; Daptrius ater fishing behaviour Characidae.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032009000300035
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The parakeet Brotogeris tirica feeds on and disperses the fruits of the palm Syagrus romanzoffiana in Southeastern Brazil Biota Neotropica
Sazima,Ivan.
Small psittacids remain unrecorded as dispersal agents of palm fruits in Brazil. I record here the plain parakeet (Brotogeris tirica), an Atlantic forest endemic, feeding on and dispersing the fruits of the palm Syagrus romanzoffiana at Ubatuba, northern coast of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. The birds removed the fruit and carried it away from the mother-tree in about 40% of the feeding records. While perched on trees and shrubs of the understorey, the parakeets removed and ingested most of the mesocarp, dropping the partly consumed fruit. As the parakeets damaged no the embryo and may feed at a distance from the mother-tree, they act as primary dispersal agents. This is the first substantiated record of a small Neotropical psittacid as a stomatochorous...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bird-plant symbiosis; Psittacidae; Arecaceae; Feeding behaviour; Synzoochory.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032008000100026
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Anting behaviour with millipedes by the dendrocolaptid bird Xiphocolaptes albicollis in southeastern Brazil Biota Neotropica
Sazima,Ivan.
Several bird species practice anting. While anting a bird holds an ant or other arthropod that produces toxic or irritating secretions and rubs it on the plumage. Here I describe the White-collared Woodcreeper (Xiphocolaptes albicollis) rubbing its body with millipedes of the orders Spirostreptida and Polydesmida while foraging among banana stumps or at bromeliad clumps in southeastern Brazil. On three occasions I recorded the bird holding a millipede in the bill and rubbing it against its chest, belly, and wings. From time to time the millipede was "chewed", and hammered against the substratum and then rubbed on the plumage again. After a while the millipede was ingested or dropped. Bromeliads harbour a rich fauna that includes mosquitoes, ticks, spiders,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Aves; Dendrocolaptidae; Anting behaviour; Foraging behaviour; Millipedes; Toxic secretion; "Xiphocolaptes albicollis".
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032009000100024
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Whalesuckers and a spinner dolphin bonded for weeks: does host fidelity pay off? Biota Neotropica
Silva-Jr,José Martins; Sazima,Ivan.
The whalesucker Remora australis (Echeneidae) is an oceanic diskfish found attached to cetaceans only and its habits are therefore poorly known. At the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, off North-eastern Brazil, spinner dolphins Stenella longirostris (Delphinidae) regularly congregate in large groups in a shallow bay, which allows for underwater observations of their behaviour and their fish associates. In the course of a broader study of this elusive diskfish, we had the opportunity to made multiple records of two whalesucker couples (three of the fish naturally marked) attached to the same individual dolphin in two different years, over periods of 47 and 87 days respectively. In all the sightings the whalesucker individuals of a couple were recorded...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Fish-cetacean association; Host attachment fidelity; Mate finding; Echeneidae; Delphinidae; Southwestern Atlantic.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032003000200012
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Cleaner birds: an overview for the Neotropics Biota Neotropica
Sazima,Ivan; Sazima,Cristina.
Several bird species feed on a variety of external parasites and epibionts, organic debris, dead and wounded tissue, clots and blood, and secretions from the body of other vertebrates (hosts or clients). We present an overview of so called cleaner birds from the Neotropics based on field records, literature, and photo survey. We found that 33 bird species in 16 families practice cleaning even if some of them do so very occasionally. The birds range from the Galápagos ground finch Geospiza fuliginosa to the widespread black vulture Coragyps atratus. Clients mostly are large herbivores such as capybaras, deer, and livestock, but also include medium-sized herbivores such as iguanas and tortoises, and carnivores such as boobies and seals - a few bird species...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cleaning symbiosis; Opportunistic birds; Association with vertebrates; Ectoparasite and tissue removal.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032010000400025
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The Chimango Caracara (Milvago chimango), an additional fisher among Caracarini falcons Biota Neotropica
Sazima,Ivan; Olmos,Fabio.
The Caracarini falcons are among the most versatile birds of prey, and their variable diet includes fishes, which may be taken as carrion. However, fishing behaviour is described for two species. Here we describe the Chimango Caracara (Milvago chimango) fishing at an estuary in Chile, Pacific coast of South America. The caracara flew and glided close to water surface, hovering on occasions. After such a hovering, the bird plunged and attempted to snatch a prey with its talons. If successful, the caracara carried the fish in its talons and landed on an adjacent beach where the prey was torn apart and eaten. The 'glide-hover' technique of the Chimango Caracara differs slightly from the fishing recorded for the closely related Yellow-headed Caracara (Milvago...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Birds of prey; Falconidae; Fishing behaviour; Foraging tactics; Milvago chimango; Chile.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032009000300036
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The association of the goatfish mulloidichthys martinicus with the grunt haemulon chrysargyreum: an example of protective mimicry Biota Neotropica
Krajewski,João Paulo; Bonaldo,Roberta Martini; Sazima,Cristina; Sazima,Ivan.
A presumed example of protective mimicry between the yellow goatfish, Mulloidichthys martinicus (Mullidae) and the smallmouth grunt, Haemulon chrysargyreum (Haemulidae) is described from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, NE Brazil. The goatfish and the grunt share a similar overall shape and colour pattern. We found that these two species regularly form mixed schools around reefs. Additionally, when chased small groups of yellow goatfish join schools of smallmouth grunts and behave like them. The colour and shape resemblances between the two species enable their mixed schooling, and enhance the protection against visually oriented predators for both of them. Thus, we suggest that the protective association herein reported for the goatfish and the grunt may...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Protective mimicry; Social mimicry; Mixed schooling; Mulloidichthys martinicus; Haemulon chrysargyreum.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032004000200016
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Woody woodpecker enjoys soft drinks: the blond-crested woodpecker seeks nectar and pollinates canopy plants in south-eastern Brazil Biota Neotropica
Rocca,Márcia A.; Sazima,Marlies; Sazima,Ivan.
Insects are the staple diet of woodpeckers, but some species also habitually feed on fruits. A few woodpecker species are recorded as flower visitors for nectar intake. We report here on the blond-crested woodpecker (Celeus flavescens) taking nectar from flowers of two canopy species, Spirotheca passifloroides (Bombacaceae) and Schwartzia brasiliensis (Marcgraviaceae), in the Atlantic forest of south-eastern Brazil. Spirotheca passifloroides blooms for three months in the austral winter, whereas S. brasiliensis blooms for two months in the summer. Flowers of both species produce large amounts of dilute nectar. Celeus flavescens visits several flowers per plant touching the anthers and stigmas with its head and throat, and thus acts as a pollen vector. We...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Celeus flavescens; Picidae; Spirotheca passifloroides; Bombacaceae; Schwartzia brasiliensis; Marcgraviaceae; Ornithophily.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032006000200027
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Little dragons prefer flowers to maidens: a lizard that laps nectar and pollinates trees Biota Neotropica
Sazima,Ivan; Sazima,Cristina; Sazima,Marlies.
Lizards rarely visit and pollinate flowers, the few recent records being mostly restricted to island habitats. We report here on the Noronha skink (Euprepis atlanticus) seeking nectar in the flowers of the leguminous mulungu tree (Erythrina velutina) at Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, off northeast Brazil. The mulungu tree blooms during the dry season, and each flower secretes copious and diluted nectar throughout the day. The Noronha skink climbs up to the inflorescences and laps the nectar accumulated in the flowers' base. While exploiting the flowers and crawling over the inflorescences, the body parts of the skink contact the anthers and stigmas and pollen adheres to the lizard's scales. The lizard visits inflorescences from the same and different...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Euprepis atlanticus; Scincidae; Erythrina velutina; Fabaceae; Saurophily; Oceanic islands.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032005000100018
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Validated cleaner: the cuculid bird Crotophaga ani picks ticks and pecks at sores of capybaras in southeastern Brazil Biota Neotropica
Sazima,Ivan.
Information on the role of smooth-billed anis (Crotophaga ani) as tick-pickers on mammals remains controversial. I record here these birds removing ticks and pecking at wounds of capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) in a small reserve at Campinas, São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. The birds inspected the mammals’ skin, both in places with and without hair. The hair was parted with bill movements, and ticks were removed by vigorous pulling. The birds also pecked at open or healing sores, from which they extracted small portions of blood clots and dead tissue. The capybaras appeared oblivious to the birds’ activity. Even in the case that the cleaning behaviour is restricted to some bird individuals and populations, or places and periods, this record validates...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bird-mammal symbiosis; Tick-removing; Cleaning behaviour; Hydrochoerus.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032008000100022
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Free meals on long-distance cruisers: the vampire fish rides giant catfishes in the Amazon Biota Neotropica
Zuanon,Jansen; Sazima,Ivan.
The trichomycterid catfishes known as candirus are renowned for their blood feeding, but information on their habits under natural conditions is very fragmentary and generally restricted to hosts or habitats. We recorded an undescribed species of the vandelliine genus Paracanthopoma riding the giant jau catfish, Zungaro zungaro (Pimelodidae), in the upper Amazon. The candirus were found on the host's caudal and pectoral fins, as well as the base of the dorsal fin, with their snouts buried up to the eyes in the tough skin of the catfish host. All of them had small amounts of partly digested blood in the distal part of the gut. Along the host's dorsal fin base we found a few additional tiny holes, most of them healed. We suggest that Paracanthopoma feeds on...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Trichomycteridae; Paracanthopoma sp.; Candiru; Blood-feeding; Phoresis; Dispersal; Pimelodidade; Zungaro zungaro; Amazon.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032005000100012
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Petiscos florais: pétalas de Acca sellowiana (Myrtaceae) como fonte alimentar para aves em área urbana no Sul do Brasil Biota Neotropica
Sazima,Ivan; Sazima,Marlies.
A goiaba-serrana (Acca sellowiana, Myrtaceae) é uma das poucas espécies vegetais cujas pétalas são habitualmente usadas como alimento por aves nos Neotrópicos. Registramos aqui o consumo de pétalas desta mirtácea por nove espécies de aves Passeriformes, numa arvoreta isolada em área urbana de Gramado, Rio Grande do Sul. A maior freqüência de visitas foi registrada para espécies de Thraupidae, aves predominantemente frugívoras. As aves tomavam as pétalas entre as mandíbulas e arrancavam ou cortavam porções, deixando sinais característicos nas flores. Thraupis sayaca e Tangara preciosa foram registrados recolhendo porções de pétalas e levando-as entre as mandíbulas, a primeira espécie tendo sido duas vezes observada fornecendo pétalas a ninhegos. Devido ao...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Recursos florais; Áreas urbanizadas; Passeriformes; Arborização urbana.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032007000200035
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Hawksbill turtles visit moustached barbers: cleaning symbiosis between eretmochelys imbricata and the shrimp stenopus hispidus Biota Neotropica
Sazima,Ivan; Grossman,Alice; Sazima,Cristina.
This seems to be the first record of cleaning symbiosis between marine turtles and shrimps. During their foraging on the reef flat, the turtles regularly visited and posed at the stations. The same stations were visited by a few species of reef fishes, which posed and were cleaned by the shrimps. We suggest that cleaning symbiosis between turtles and shrimps is widespread and went unrecognised due to the superficial resemblance between a resting turtle and a posing and cleaned one. Additionally, we submit a putative origin for the cleaning symbiosis between marine turtles and cleaner shrimps following a few simple behavioural steps.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Marine turtle-cleaner shrimp association; Cleaning symbiosis; Origin of turtle-shrimp association; Reef environment; Equatorial West Atlantic.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032004000100011
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What coatis and mongooses have in common? Biota Neotropica
Sazima,Ivan.
The coatis (Procyonidae) and some species of mongooses (Herpestidae) are diurnal, small to medium-sized carnivores that live in groups and feed opportunistically on small animals and fruits. A comparison of selected features is here presented for two coati species (Nasua narica and N. nasua) and the banded mongoose (Mungos mungo). The former two dwell in the Neotropical region, whereas the latter occurs in the Ethiopian realm. Both the coatis and the mongoose are apt to live near human settlements and capitalise on food refuse. Additionally, coatis and mongooses habituate to humans, and sometimes are a nuisance. These habits, plus their almost constant quest for food, lead these carnivores to meet other mammal types at feeders and garbage dumps and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Opportunistic behaviour; Cleaning symbiosis; Convergence; Procyonidae; Herpestidae.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032010000300040
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Playful birds: cormorants and herons play with objects and practice their skills Biota Neotropica
Sazima,Ivan.
Play is a behaviour known mostly for mammals, although birds are recorded to play as well. Here I describe the play behaviour for two bird species, the Neotropic Cormorant (Phalacrocorax brasilianus) and the Green Heron (Butorides striata) in southeastern Brazil. Juvenile and adult cormorants were recorded to manipulate sticks, leaves, rootlets, and plant debris while on the ground. They also played with sticks, leaves, pods, and plant debris, as well as live or dead fish while in the water, repeatedly grabbing the object and submerging it. When the object was a fish, they tossed it in the air as well. Juvenile herons played with small pieces of wood, fruits, and other floating objects, which they picked up and tossed repeatedly in the water. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Aves; Phalacrocorax brasilianus; Butorides striata; Play behaviour; Object and social play; Motor training.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032008000200025
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Insect cornucopia: various bird types prey on the season's first giant cicadas in an urban park in southeastern Brazil Biota Neotropica
Sazima,Ivan.
Some species of large cicadas (Hemiptera) emerge in huge numbers during particular periods, and thus become an abundant food source for several vertebrate species that dwell in the same areas. I record here a small assemblage of six bird species that preyed on the season's first giant cicadas (Quesada gigas) from early September to mid November 2007 in an urban park of Campinas, São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. The Plumbeous Kite (Ictinia plumbea) was the most ubiquitous cicada predator. It waited high on perches or patrolled on wing and hunted adult cicadas only. Three cuckoo species (Crotophaga ani, Guira guira, and Piaya cayana) foraged on cicadas both on vegetation and on the ground, the first one also taking nymphs that emerged from a pond bank. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Aves; Ictinia plumbea; Cicada prey; Quesada gigas; Mass emergence; Seasonality; Abundant food source; Urban area.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032009000100027
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REEF FISH FORAGING ASSOCIATIONS AT MALPELO ISLAND, COLOMBIA (TROPICAL EASTERN PACIFIC) Boletín de Investigaciones
Quimbayo,Juan P; Zapata,Fernando A; Floeter,Sergio R; Bessudo,Sandra; Sazima,Ivan.
Varias especies de animales marinos establecen temporalmente asociaciones de caza interespecíficas, en las cuales especies oportunistas siguen a otras especies llamadas nucleares mientras estas buscan alimento pues disturban el substrato. Este tipo de comportamiento ha sido observado entre algunas especies de peces arrecifales en la isla Malpelo en el Pacífico colombiano. La morena Gymnothorax dovii y el jurel Caranx melampygus fueron identificados como especies nucleares mientras cazaban dentro del sitio conocido como El Arrecife. Estas especies fueron acompañadas por algunos meros Dermatolepis dermatolepis y Mycteroperca olfax, jurel Seriola rivoliana, pez corneta Aulostomus chinensis, la vieja Bodianus diplotaenia y en algunas ocasiones por el jurel...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report Palavras-chave: Asociación alimentaria; Nucleares-seguidores; Depredación; Colombia.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0122-97612014000100009
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Associações de aves com insetos sociais: um sumário no Sudeste do Brasil Iheringia, Sér. Zool.
Sazima,Ivan; D'Angelo,Giulia B..
RESUMO As aves podem se agregar a diversos tipos de insetos sociais (formigas, vespas, cupins). Estas associações podem ser agrupadas em três tipos, um deles relacionado a atividade alimentar e dois, a atividade reprodutiva: 1) forragear seguindo formigas de correição; 2) nidificar nas proximidades de colônias ativas de vespas e formigas; 3) nidificar em colônia ativas de cupins. Os três tipos de associação podem ser considerados como exemplos de comensalismo. Sumariamos aqui as associações de aves com insetos sociais que observamos no Sudeste do Brasil. Seguir formigas de correição foi habitual a raro para uma grande variedade de espécies, de Accipitridae a Tyrannidae. Nidificar nas proximidades de colônias ativas de vespas foi habitual para uma espécie...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Forrageio; Formigas-correição; Nidificação; Colônias de vespas; Cupinzeiros.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212015000300333
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Does the association of young fishes with jellyfishes protect from predation?A report on a failure case due to damage to the jellyfish Neotropical Ichthyology
Bonaldo,Roberta Martini; Krajewski,João Paulo; Sazima,Ivan.
The fish-jellyfish association is regarded as a temporary symbiosis believed to protect the fishes from predators. Here we report on juvenile scads (Trachurus lathami) associated with the jellyfish Chrysaora lactea, opportunistically preyed on by the grouper Mycteroperca acutirostris while the medusa was being damaged. The predation instances occurred when a couple of the filefish Stephanolepis hispidus approached the jellyfish to nibble on its umbrella. The feeding of the filefish caused a momentary disturbance of the defensive association, perceived and capitalised on by the watchful grouper, an opportunistic and versatile hunter. Before and after the disturbance, the protection offered to the young fish by the jellyfish showed to be effective, which...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Protective symbiosis; Fish-jellyfish association; Predation; Defence; SW Atlantic.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252004000200008
Registros recuperados: 37
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