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| Registros recuperados: 27 | |
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| Levine, Jordan; Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia; jlevine@interchange.ubc.ca; Muthukrishna, Michael; Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University; Department of Social Psychology, London School of Economics; muthukrishna@fas.harvard.edu; Chan, Kai M. A.; Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia; kaichan@ires.ubc.ca; Satterfield, Terre; Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia; terre.satterfield@ires.ubc.ca. |
| Arriving at shared mental models among multiple stakeholder groups can be crucial for successful management of contested social-ecological systems (SES). Academia can help by first eliciting stakeholders’ initial, often tacit, beliefs about a SES, and representing them in useful ways. We demonstrate a new recombination of techniques for this purpose, focusing specifically on tacit beliefs about food webs. Our approach combines freelisting and sorting techniques, salience analysis, and ultimately network analysis, to produce accessible visualizations of aggregate mental models that can then be used to facilitate discussion or generate further hypotheses about cognitive drivers of conflict. The case study we draw upon to demonstrate this technique... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: British Columbia; Food webs; Mental models; Network analysis; Salience analysis. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Hinke, Jefferson T; Pacific Fisheries Environmental Laboratory and Joint Institute for Marine and At; jhinke@pfeg.noaa.gov; Kaplan, Isaac C; Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin; ickaplan@wisc.edu; Aydin, Kerim; Alaska Fisheries Science Center; Kerim.Aydin@noaa.gov; Watters, George M; Pacific Fisheries Environmental Laboratory; gwatters@pfeg.noaa.gov; Olson, Robert J; Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission; rolson@iattc.org; Kitchell, James F. K.; Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin; kitchell@mhub.limnology.wisc.edu. |
| We use food-web models to develop visualizations to compare and evaluate the interactions of tuna fisheries with their supporting food webs in the eastern tropical Pacific (ETP) and the central north Pacific (CNP) Oceans. In the ETP and CNP models, individual fisheries use slightly different food webs that are defined by the assemblage of targeted tuna species. Distinct energy pathways are required to support different tuna species and, consequently, the specific fisheries that target different tuna assemblages. These simulations suggest that catches of tunas, sharks, and billfishes have lowered the biomass of the upper trophic levels in both systems, whereas increases in intermediate and lower trophic level animals have accompanied the decline of top... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem modeling; Food webs; Longline fishing; Purse-seine fishing; Tunas; Trophic levels; Pacific Ocean. |
| Ano: 2004 |
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| Luoma, S. |
| It has been established that direct uptake of (at least some) trace metals from sediments contributes to metal concentrations in benthic organisms. Important controls on metal uptake from sediment are the concentration of the exposure, the partitioning of the metals among components of the sediment, and the redox potential of the sediment. Important problems in ecology, physiology, geochemistry and biogeochemistry remain unresolved, however, and a concentrated interdisciplinary research effort will be necessary before a complete understanding of the fate and impact of sediment-bound metals will be possible. |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Bioaccumulation; Benthos; Food webs; Biogeochemical cycle; Sediments; Availability; Trace metals. |
| Ano: 1985 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/acte-1302.pdf |
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| Portail, Marie; Brandily, Christophe; Cathalot, Cecile; Colaco, Ana; Gelinas, Yves; Husson, Berengere; Sarradin, Pierre-marie; Sarrazin, Jozee. |
| The assessment and comparison of food webs across various hydrothermal vent sites can enhance our understanding of ecological processes involved in the structure and function of biodiversity. The Menez Gwen, Lucky Strike and Rainbow vent fields are located on the Azores triple junction of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. These fields have distinct depths (from 850 to 2320 m) and geological contexts (basaltic and ultramafic), but share similar faunal assemblages defined by the presence of foundation species that include Bathymodiolus azoricus, alvinocarid shrimp and gastropods. We compared the food webs of 13 faunal assemblages at these three sites using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses (SIA). Results showed that photosynthesis-derived organic matter is a... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Mid-Atlantic Ridge; Hydrothermal vents; Food webs; Stable isotopes; Functional traits. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00414/52551/53732.pdf |
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| Merillet, Laurene. |
| Marine ecosystems face many pressures, the main ones being fishing and climate change. These pressures do not have the same consequences on the different facets of biodiversity, e.g. on taxa, traits and networks, and their study is necessary for the implementation of an ecosystem approach to fisheries. The Celtic Sea is a very important fishing area for European fisheries, with a specific richness greater than adjacent areas. Based on a time series from 2000 to 2016, I have studied the spatio-temporal dynamics of 101 species of the ecosystem. Over this period, taxonomic biodiversity was stable, and the importance of fishing as a structuring variable for communities decreased after 2009, and was lower than the environment (depth, chlorophyll a concentration... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Approche écosystémique des pêches; Dynamiques spatio-temporelles; Traits d’histoire de vie; Réseaux trophiques; Gestion des ressources; Ecosystem approach to fisheries; Spatio-temporal dynamics; Community ecology; Life-history traits; Food webs; Resource management. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00666/77806/79980.pdf |
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| Campbell, Stuart J.; Darling, Emily S.; Pardede, Shinta; Ahmadia, Gabby; Mangubhai, Sangeeta; Amkieltiela,; Estradivari,; Maire, Eva. |
| Coral reef fisheries depend on reef fish biomass to support ecosystem functioning and sustainable fisheries. Here, we evaluated coral reefs across 4,000 km of the Indonesian archipelago to reveal a large gradient of biomass, from <100 kg/ha to >17,000 kg/ha. Trophic pyramids characterized by planktivore dominance emerged at high biomass, suggesting the importance of pelagic pathways for reef productivity. Total biomass and the biomass of most trophic groups were higher within gear restricted and no‐take management, but the greatest biomass was found on unmanaged remote reefs. Within marine protected areas (MPAs), 41.6% and 43.6% of gear restricted and no‐take zones, respectively, met a global biomass target of 500 kg/ha, compared with 71.8% of remote... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Data‐poor fisheries; Food webs; Gear restrictions; Marine protected areas; Small‐scale fisheries; South East Asia. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00607/71947/70645.pdf |
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| Ainley, Dg; Hobson, Ka; Crosta, X; Rau, Gh; Wassenaar, Li; Augustinus, Pc. |
| Here we present first time evidence for concordant variation in the isotopic signature at both the base and the upper levels of the Antarctic coastal food web during the Holocene. Laminae in sub-fossil deposits of snow petrel Pagodroina nivea stomach oil, known as mumiyo, were collected from nest-sites in the Bunger Hills, East Antarctica. Mumiyo layers were sub-sampled, radiocarbondated, and analyzed for delta C-13 and delta D. The obtained values were compared to isotopic variability among layers of an ocean sediment core collected, and similarly dated, in nearby Dumont D'Urville Trough. Overlapping records extended from about 10 160 to 526 calendar years before present (cal yr BP). Mumiyo delta D values remained relatively constant throughout the... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Antarctica; Holocene climate change; Food webs; Isotopic analysis; Mumiyo; Pagodroma nivea; Sediment cores; Snow petrel. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00496/60808/64708.pdf |
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| De Busserolles, F.; Sarrazin, Jozee; Gauthier, Olivier; Gelinas, Y.; Fabri, Marie-claire; Sarradin, Pierre-marie; Desbruyeres, Daniel. |
| Trophic relationships in Bathymodiolus azoricus mussel bed communities on the Tour Eiffel hydrothermal edifice (Lucky Strike) were assessed using delta C-13 and delta N-15 signatures from 14 hydrothermal species. The nutritional basis of B. azoricus was also investigated with delta S-34. Faunal samples and environmental data (temperature, pH, total dissolved sulfide, iron and copper concentrations) were collected from 12 different locations on the edifice. Chemical conditions varied between microhabitats, and were all correlated to temperature. Carbon and nitrogen isotopic results revealed the presence of two, apparently independent, trophic groups. The first was composed of symbiont-bearing fauna (B. azoricus and their associated polychaetes... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Lucky Strike (37 degrees 17.29 ' N 32 degrees 16.45 ' W); Mid Atlantic Ridge; Food webs; Hydrothermal springs; Environmental conditions; Stable isotopes. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-7312.pdf |
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| Belloni, Bruno; Sartoretto, Stephane; Cresson, Pierre; Bouchoucha, Marc; Guillou, Gael; Lebreton, Benoit; Ruitton, Sandrine; Harmelin-vivien, Mireille. |
| The coralligenous ecosystem is one of the biodiversity hotspots in the Mediterranean Sea. This study aims at determining (i) the organic matter (OM) sources at the base of the food web in a coralligenous ecosystem near Marseille (Cap Caveau, Frioul Island) and (ii) the global functional structure of its community. For that purpose, C and N stable isotope analyses were performed on 78 compartments or species collected in this habitat between 30 and 40 m depth. Results suggested that the pelagic particulate organic matter (POM), mainly composed of phytoplankton, was the main OM source fuelling coralligenous food webs, followed by sedimented organic matter (SOM) and some macrophytes. At least three level of consumers were identified from... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Food webs; Coralligenous ecosystem; Stable isotopes; Carbon; Nitrogen. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00483/59511/62396.pdf |
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| Portier, R; Meyers, S. |
| The environmental effect and fate of several agricultural and industrial source toxicants were evaluated in controlled laboratory microcosm systems in the presence of the aminopolysaccharide polymer, chitin. Toxicants examined included methyl parathion, phenol, pentachlorophenol, 2,4 dichlorophenol, 1,2 dichloroethane and Kepone. Microcosm operating parameters, including pH/Eh, salinity, temperature, flow rate and sediment/water interface conditions, were based on comparable in situ measurements. Fate analysis predictions were based on mineralization of the parent toxicant compound as measured by chromatographic analysis or super(14)CO sub(2) expiration. Chitin, amended to continuous flow microcosms, promoted either cometabolic or cooxidative... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Controlled conditions; Chemical pollutants; Industrial wastes; Pesticides; Metabolism; Food webs; Biodegradation; Ecosystems; Microorganisms; Environmental effects; Brackishwater pollution; Estuaries; Toxicants; Chitin. |
| Ano: 1984 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/acte-1011.pdf |
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| Le Croizier, Gaël; Lorrain, Anne; Schaal, Gauthier; Ketchum, James; Hoyos-padilla, Mauricio; Besnard, Lucien; Munaron, Jean-marie; Le Loch, Francois; Point, David. |
| Worldwide shark populations have experienced rapid declines over the last decades, mainly due to overfishing. Marine protected areas (MPAs) have thus become an indispensable tool for the protection of these marine predators. Two recently-created MPAs in the Northeast Pacific Ocean, the Revillagigedo National Park and Clipperton atoll, are characterized by different trophic structures potentially influencing trophic niche and contaminant exposure for resident sharks in these two sites. In this context, we used carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotope analyzes as well as total mercury concentrations ([THg]) to assess the role of foraging site on the trophic niche and Hg levels of juvenile ST sharks Carcharhinus albimarginatus. Analyzing fin clip... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Top-predators; Mercury transfer; Food webs; Foraging habitat; Stable isotopes; MPAs. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00619/73114/72257.pdf |
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| Shannon, Lynne; Coll, Marta; Bundy, Alida; Gascuel, Didier; Heymans, Johanna J;; Kleisner, Kristin; Lynam, Christopher; Piroddi, Chiara; Tam, Jorge; Travers-trolet, Morgane; Shin, Yunne. |
| Trophic level (TL)-based indicators have been widely used to examine fishing impacts in aquatic ecosystems and the induced biodiversity changes. However, much debate has ensued regarding discrepancies and challenges arising from the use of landings data from commercial fisheries to calculate TL indicators. Subsequent studies have started to examine survey-based and model-based indicators. In this paper, we undertake an extensive evaluation of a variety of TL indicators across 9 well-studied marine ecosystems by making use of model- as well as surveyand catch-based TL indicators. Using detailed regional information and data on fishing history, fishing intensity, and environmental conditions, we evaluate how well TL indicators are capturing fishing effects... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Trophic level; Global comparison; Indicator; Survey; Catch; Ecosystem model; Trophic spectra; Convention on Biological Diversity; Food webs; Ecosystem approach to fisheries. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00222/33361/31768.pdf |
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| Cresson, Pierre; Chouvelon, Tiphaine; Bustamante, Paco; Bănaru, Daniela; Baudrier, Jerome; Le Loch, Francois; Mauffret, Aourell; Mialet, Benoit; Spitz, Jérome; Wessel, Nathalie; Briand, Marine; Denamiel, Margaux; Doray, Mathieu; Guillou, Gaël; Jadaud, Angelique; Lazard, Coline; Noûs, Camille; Prieur, Solène; Rouquette, Manuel; Saraux, Claire; Serre, Sandrine; Timmerman, Charles-andre; Verin, Yves; Harmelin-vivien, Mireille. |
| Investigating the drivers of fish assemblage trophic structure is a critical question, in order to better understand ecosystem functioning, predict the effects of perturbations and implement integrated management of exploited marine ecosystems. Ecosystemic surveys enabled the determination of the trophic structure of the fish assemblages in three French marine ecosystems, namely the Eastern English Channel, the Bay of Biscay and the Gulf of Lions, through the simultaneous collection of qualitative (stable isotopes and energy content) and quantitative (biomass) data. In the Bay of Biscay and in the Gulf of Lions, pelagic primary production supported at least 80% of the fish biomass production, and explained the dominance of pelagic species, but with... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Fish community; Trophodynamics; Food webs; Benthic-pelagic coupling. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00629/74120/73562.pdf |
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| Bodin, Nathalie. |
| Marine decapod crustaceans are macrobenthic opportunist species, of great commercial interest, and can accumulate pollutants. Worrying about consumers' safety, polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs), polybromodiphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) and dioxins (PCDD/Fs) were analyzed in four crustacean species from the coastal waters of Brittany and Normandy. As regards to regulations, the consumption of crustacean muscle doesn't raise any health problems. The second objective of this study was to evaluate the biological processes influencing PCB bioaccumulation in the spider crab Maja brachydactyla. From a quantitative point of view, organotropism, diet and age were the major factors acting on contamination. From a qualitative point of view, PCB fingerprints depended on sex, and to... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Biotransformation; Biomagnification; Food webs; Stable isotopes; Decapod crustaceans; Bioaccumulation; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Organic contaminants; Sécurité sanitaire; Biotransformation; Bioamplification; Réseaux trophiques; Isotopes stables; Crustacés décapodes; Bioaccumulation; Contaminants organiques. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/these-1149.pdf |
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| Giberto, D.A.; Bremec, C.; Schejter, L.; Schiariti, A.; Mianzan, H.W.; Acha, E.M.. |
| Recent range extensions of the invasive rapa whelk Rapana venosa, biological data of the population and possible ecological impacts on the food webs of the Rio de la Plata estuary are presented. A total of 41 rapa whelks and 21 egg capsules were collected between February 2004 and March 2006. Specimens were found all over the mixohaline waters of the estuary, with records off Montevideo, Samborombon Bay and off Punta Rasa. Specimens ranged between 28 and 120 mm shell length. Almost all R. venosa presented epibionts all over the shell, suggesting an exposed lifestyle. Egg-masses were attached to specimens of R. venosa, debris and plastic garbage. The spatial distribution of R. venosa within the estuary was coupled with the spatial distribution of Mactra... |
| Tipo: Journal Contribution |
Palavras-chave: Estuaries; Introduced species; Predators; Food webs; Estuaries; Predators; Food webs; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2673; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6163; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10973. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1572 |
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| Registros recuperados: 27 | |
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