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Effects of inclusion of patauá, Oenocarpus bataua meal on elephant grass silage Acta Amazonica
QUEIROZ,Amanda Caroliny Marques de; SANTOS,Wânia Mendonça dos; MENDONÇA,Rita de Cássia Almeida de; SANTOS,Rosana Ingrid Ribeiro dos; SILVA,Thiago Carvalho da; DOMINGUES,Felipe Nogueira; RÊGO,Aníbal Coutinho do.
ABSTRACT Elephant grass silages have high moisture content, causing nutrient loss, mainly by effluent production. The use of moisture absorbent additives, such as patauá, Oenocarpus bataua meal, can be a strategy to reduce losses in these silages. The aim of this study was to determine the fermentation losses, microbiological composition, fermentative characteristics, and chemical composition of elephant grass silage with increasing levels of inclusion of patauá meal. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, with four concentrations of patauá meal (7%, 14%, 21%, and 28%, based on fresh matter) and a control without patauá, and five replicates. The elephant grass was collected manually after 60 days of growth. After chopping, the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Additive; Effluent production; Moisture; Pennisetum purpureum.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672020000200101
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Cross-scale determinants of palm species distribution Acta Amazonica
Salm,Rodolfo; Salles,Nilson Vicente de; Alonso,Wladimir J.; Schuck-Paim,Cynthia.
We investigate palm species distribution, richness and abundance along the Mokoti, a seasonally-dry river of southeastern Amazon and compare it to the patterns observed at a large scale, comprising the entire Brazilian territory. A total of 694 palms belonging to 10 species were sampled at the Mokoti River basin. Although the species showed diverse distribution patterns, we found that local palm abundance, richness and tree basal area were significantly higher from the hills to the bottomlands of the study region, revealing a positive association of these measures with moisture. The analyses at the larger spatial scale also showed a strong influence of vapor pressure (a measure of moisture content of the air, in turn modulated by temperature) and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Amazon; Diversity; Moisture; Palms; Tropical forests.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672007000100002
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Determination of viscoelastic properties of dates (Mazafati Variety) CIGR Journal
kamgar, saadat; Zare, Dariush; Ebadi, Hossein; Ghofrani, Aliakbar.
The knowledge of rheological properties of agricultural fruits can be significantlyhelpful in design and fabrication of the appropriateprocessing machines .In this study, the viscoelastic characteristics of date (Mazafati variety) were investigated. Experimental tests were established in six moisture levels (7.5, 9.0, 10.8, 12.8, 17.59 and 25.5 on dry basis) and temperature of 45ºC which contributed to obtain a suitable model. To achieve the desired moisture levels, various saturated salts were used. A chamber capable of controlling temperature was fabricated and placed around the plunger of texture analyzer to monitor the temperature during the experiments. Tests were conducted using an Instron Universal Testing Machine in the way that, samples were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Biosystem engineering; Food process Viscoelastic properties; Mazafati; Date; Creep test; Moisture.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3812
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Relationship of Pears’ Dielectric Properties and Rates of Pears’ Bruise CIGR Journal
Azadbakht, Mohsen; Mahmoodi, Mohammad Javad; Vahedi Torshizi, Mohammad; Asghartabar Kashi, Peyman.
Nowadays, dielectric materials, as one of the nondestructive methods, have drawn the researchers’ attention to their diverse array of advantages to the other methods. Before loading and storage, 120 pears were examined under CT-Scan and 81 pears with zero bruise were selected followed by subjecting them to quasi-static and dynamic loading and a 10 day storage period was chosen to investigate the bruise levels and their relationships with dielectric constant. At the end of the storage period, the fruits were measured in their dielectric constant after their bruise levels were determined in CT-Scans. The measurements were undertaken in capacitor plate distances of 8, 11 and 14 cm for input voltages of 6, 10 and 14 V and input voltage frequencies of 20, 60...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Dielectric; Pears; Bruise; CT-Scan; Load; Moisture; Voltage.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5480
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Convective dehydration kinetics of noodles prepared from taro (Colocasia esculenta), rice (Oryza sativa) and pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) flours CIGR Journal
Kaushal, Pragati; Sharma, Harish Kumar.
Drying characteristics of noodles prepared from 50% taro and remaining equal proportions of rice and pigeonpea flours were investigated in a convective type dryer for a temperature range of 50°C to 80°C at a constant air velocity of     1.5 m s-1.  Results indicated that drying took place in falling rate period.  The sample dried at 50°C was found better in color as compared to samples at 60°C, 70°C and 80°C.  The rehydration weight of noodles decreased with the increase in drying temperature.  Moisture transfer from noodles was described by applying Fick’s diffusion model and the effective moisture diffusivity was calculated.  Effective moisture diffusivity increased with increase in temperature.  An Arrhenius relation with activation energy of 38.53 kJ...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Noodle; Taro; Dehydration kinetics; Temperature; Moisture.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2132
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Design, fabrication and evaluation of horizontal rotary separator of olive oil (Three-Phase Decanter) CIGR Journal
Rashvand, Mahdi; Akbarnia, Abbas.
Olive is one of the strategic products in Iran, and due to the significant cultivation area of this product, oil companies should be equipped with suitable processing equipment. Unfortunately, despite the high capacity of olive in Iran, oil companies are equipped with imported machines. In this study, the construction and evaluation of the Three-counter device of Iran has been developed. The machine has three oil, water and olive pulp outputs. In order to evaluate the machine, the amount of moisture content and fat extracted from the machine was checked at 2500 and 3500 rpm and 30 and 45% water content. Also, four different samples Manzallina, Fishemi, Kalamata and Oily were used in this experiment. The main components of the machine include an electric...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Olive; Oil; Water; Pulp; Moisture; Fat.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5344
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Rheological and some physicochemical characteristics of selected floral honeys from plants of caatinga Anais da ABC (AABC)
SANTOS,FRANCISCO K.G.; DANTAS FILHO,ANTONIO N.; LEITE,RICARDO H.L.; AROUCHA,EDNA M.M.; SANTOS,ANDARAIR G.; OLIVEIRA,THIAGO A..
The aim of this paper was to investigate the physicochemical characteristics and rheological behavior of some floral honeys from species of wild plants found in the Caatinga biome, as well as, correlate honey viscosities with its chemical composition. Thus, five honeys with floral predominance of typical plants foraged by honeybees in Caatinga were analyzed. Results showed that moisture content of honeys ranged from 17.45 to 21.50 g/100g. The samples exhibited higher fructose content (37.58 - 43.95 g/100g) and lower glucose content (27.41- 33.80 g/100g). The glucose-water ratio ranged from 1.55 to 1.80. Sucrose contents, excluding Croton campestris honey sample, exhibited values above the highest sucrose content (6.0 g/100g) allowed by Brazilian norm. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Arrhenius model; Glucose; Moisture; Rheology; Viscosity.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652014000200981
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Physicochemical characteristics and sensory profile of honey samples from stingless bees (Apidae: Meliponinae) submitted to a dehumidification process Anais da ABC (AABC)
Carvalho,Carlos A.L.; Sodré,Geni S.; Fonseca,Antonio A.O.; Alves,Rogério M.O.; Souza,Bruno A.; Clarton,Lana.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a dehumidification process on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of stingless-bee honey. Melipona scutellaris and M. quadrifasciata honey samples were submitted to a dehumidification process and to physicochemical (reducing sugars, apparent sucrose, moisture, diastatic activity, hydroxymethylfurfural, ash, pH, acidity, and electric conductivity) and sensory evaluations (fluidity, color, aroma, crystallization,flavor,and acceptability). The results indicated that the dehumidification process does not interfere with honey quality and acceptability.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Honey conservation; Meliponids; Honey quality; Moisture.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652009000100015
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Silage of rehydrated corn grain Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Mombach,M.A.; Pereira,D.H.; Pina,D.S.; Bolson,D.C; Pedreira,B.C..
ABSTRACT The objective with this study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of water inclusion on the chemical composition and fermentation profiles of reconstituted corn grain silage. The experiment was carried out in a factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design, with three replicates per treatment. Five treatments were evaluated with different levels of water inclusion (% of the natural matter): dry corn grain (control); 90% dry corn grain (DCG) and 10% water; 80% DCG and 20% water; 70% DGC and 30% water; and 60% DCG and 40% water, totaling 45 experimental silos. Inclusion of water in the silage of reconstituted corn grain promoted a reduction in the CP (%) and NDF (%) contents. However, the water increase elevated the NPN/TN...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Water; Concentrate; Ensiling; Fermentation; Moisture.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352019000300959
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Physicochemical characteristics of smoked cooked linguiças made with ostrich meat trimmings Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Nascimento,R.S.; Fonseca,A.B.; Feijó,M.B.S.; Franco,R.M.; Miranda,Z.B..
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of three formulations of smoked cooked linguiças, only differing in the lean meat used: (Formula 1 ― 100% ostrich meat; Formula 2 ― 50% ostrich meat + 50% pork; and Formula 3 ― 50% ostrich meat + 50% chicken), elaborated with ostrich meat trimmings. The formulas showed slightly higher moisture content (62.00-64.41%) than the maximum allowed in the legislation for cooked linguiças (60%) (Brasil, 2000). However, their protein content (19.99-22.14%) was at least 42% higher than the minimum required level (14%); the fat content (11.82-14.25%) was less than half the maximum permitted level (35%) in the same legislation, and at least 45% less than three well-known smoked cooked...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Struthio camelus; Moisture; Fat; Protein; Ash.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352017000200491
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Abiotic factors influencing tropical dry forests regeneration BABT
Ceccon,Eliane; Huante,Pilar; Rincón,Emanuel.
Tropical dry forests represent nearly half the tropical forests in the world and are the ecosystems registering the greatest deterioration from the anthropogenic exploitation of the land. This paper presents a review on the dynamics of tropical dry forests regeneration and the main abiotic factors influencing this regeneration, such as seasonal nature, soil fertility and humidity, and natural and anthropic disturbances. The main purpose is to clearly understand an important part of TDF succession dynamics.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Tropical dry forests; Regeneration; Disturbances; Seasonal variability; Fertility; Moisture.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132006000300016
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Influence of temperature and diet on the development of Ulomoides dermestoides (Fairmaire, 1893) (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Diaperinae) BABT
Marinoni,Renato C.; Ribeiro-Costa,Cibele S..
Ulomoides dermestoides (Fairmaire, 1893) develops in stored food products (peanuts, maize, oats, rice, sorghum, etc.) and breeds successfully in the laboratory. To determine the best conditions for development, experiments were set up in different temperatures and diets, similar to storage conditions of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.). The higher viability of individuals and the shorter developmental time were observed in the diet composed of hulls and seeds of fruits at 21 and 24°C.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Coleoptera; Ulomoides dermestoides; Peanuts; Diet; Temperature; Moisture.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132001000200004
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Brazil nut sorting for aflatoxin prevention: a comparison between automatic and manual shelling methods Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.
Pacheco,Ariane Mendonça; Martins,Maristela.
The impact of automatic and manual shelling methods during manual/visual sorting of different batches of Brazil nuts from the 2010 and 2011 harvests was evaluated in order to investigate aflatoxin prevention.The samples were tested as follows: in-shell, shell, shelled, and pieces in order to evaluate the moisture content (mc), water activity (Aw), and total aflatoxin (LOD = 0.3 µg/kg and LOQ 0.85 µg/kg) at the Brazil nut processing plant. The results of aflatoxins obtained for the manually shelled nut samples ranged from 3.0 to 60.3 µg/g and from 2.0 to 31.0 µg/g for the automatically shelled samples. All samples showed levels of mc below the limit of 15%; on the other hand, shelled samples from both harvests showed levels of Aw above the limit. There were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bertholletia; Water activity; Moisture.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612013000200023
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Association between aflatoxin and aflatoxigenic fungi in Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.
Pacheco,Ariane Mendonça; Lucas,Ana; Parente,Rosana; Pacheco,Neuzimar.
Brazil nut has a high nutritional content and is a very important trade commodity to some Latin American countries. In order to evaluate its safety, 120 samples from different stages of the productive chain were analyzed in terms of: moisture content (mc), aflatoxigenic fungi and aflatoxin (LOQ = 1.95 μg.kg-1 total aflatoxin) using TLC. Among all samples, 4 (6.7%) from the receiving area, and 5 (16.7%), from retail presented aflatoxins above the LOQ, but the amount of aflatoxins was below the LOQ after the samples were dried in the plant. The positive samples were above the limit of total aflatoxin permitted by the European Union (4.0 μg.kg-1) and Brazil (30 μg.kg-1). The mc mean was 22.43% in the receiving area, which is higher than that in the other...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bertholletia; Aspergillus; Moisture; Chromatography.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612010000200007
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Physicochemical changes in cubiu fruits (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal) at different ripening stages Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.
Andrade Júnior,Moacir Couto de; Andrade,Jerusa Souza.
Cubiu shrubs (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal) have drawn the attention of researchers for their biological versatility (preferential heliophilous or facultative ombrophilous shrubs), their capacity to grow in upland or lowland areas, and the good technological quality of their fruits for the food industry. The aim of this study was to verify physicochemical changes in cubiu fruits during maturation. The fruits were harvested from the experimental station of olericulture of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Brazil. The analyses were performed in whole cubiu fruits (peel, pulp, and placenta) at four traditional ripening stages (green, turning, ripe, and fully ripe) for the determination of weight, moisture, total solids, total carotenoids,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Ash; Carotenoids; Lipids; Moisture; Proteins; Weight.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612012000200007
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Comparison of methodologies for moisture determination on dried bee pollen samples Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.
Melo,Illana Louise Pereira de; Almeida-Muradian,Ligia Bicudo de.
Bee pollen moisture value is one of the quality parameters for this product. Some countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Poland and Switzerland have bee pollen regulations on quality parameters, but these are not clear regarding which method should be used for moisture determination. The aim of this paper was to compare six methods of moisture determination in dried bee pollen samples. The methods were: conventional oven at 100 °C, vacuum oven at 70 °C, desiccator with sulfuric acid, drying out process with infrared light at 85 °C, lyophilization and Karl Fisher's method. Based on the results, the best methods for moisture determination of bee pollen were the drying process with infrared and the lyophilization, since these have shown lower moisture...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bee pollen; Moisture; Methods.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612011000100029
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Zeolites in poultry and swine production Ciência Rural
Schneider,Aline Félix; Zimmermann,Otavio Fernando; Gewehr,Clóvis Eliseu.
ABSTRACT: Zeolites are minerals that have intriguing properties such as water absorption, ion adsorption and cation exchange capacity. There are approximately 80 species of natural zeolites recognized and hundreds of artificial zeolites, which have been researched in several fields. Due to their chemical characteristics, zeolites have great potential for use in animal production, especially in poultry and swine farms, as food additives, litter amendment and treatment of residues, with direct and indirect effects on performance, yield and quality of carcass, ambience of farm sheds and reduction of environmental pollution.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Moisture; Pollution; Poultry; Swine.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000800652
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IN SITU MONITORING OF A CONTROLLED RELEASE OF FERTILIZERS IN LETTUCE CROP REA
Souza,Claudinei F.; Faez,Roselena; Bacalhau,Fabiana B.; Bacarin,Murilo F.; Pereira,Tamires S..
ABSTRACT: Agriculture has sought ways to increase food production to meet global demands, intensifying dependence on natural resources. An alternative for intensive production has relied on the use of “smart” fertilizers that release nutrients in a controlled manner. Biodegradable polymers containing fertilizers has presented economic and environmental advantages when applied to the soil, as they release water and nutrients gradually to the environment without leaving residues. The objective of this study was to monitor the behavior of chitosan-clay hybrid microspheres, used as potassium nitrate soil ferti-releaser in lettuce cultivation. The experiment consisted of two treatments: (i) application of ferti-releasing chitosan-clay microspheres and (ii) use...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Ferti-releasing biopolymer; Clay; Moisture; Electrical conductivity.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162017000400656
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Calibração da técnica de Time Domain Reflectometry (TRD) para avaliação da umidade do solo, em um Latossolo Amarelo, textura muito argilosa, com diferentes valores de densidade aparente do solo - avaliação no campo. Infoteca-e
TEIXEIRA, W. G.; FACCIN, O. P.; AZEVEDO, C. P. de; HUWE, B.; SCHROTH, G..
Avaliação de umidade volumetrica do solo pela técnica de time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) para Latossolo Amarelo (Xanthic ferralsol - FAO) textura muito argilosa, com diferentes valores de p. Foram determinados os coeficientes de determinacao ajustada (R2) e o erro padrao da media. Realizou-se um ajuste por regressao multipla para P e E, selecionando-se as variaveis que contribuiam significativamente para o modelo por procedimentos de selecao stepwise. Como a variacao dos valores de p esta diretamente relacionada ao uso do solo (especie presente e o manejo praticado), foram observadas importantes diferencas entre as P das areas cultivadas e as da floresta primaria. Os valores reduzidos de P proxima as plantas de pupunha (Bactris gasipaes H.B.K.) em relacao...
Tipo: Parte de livro Palavras-chave: Propriedade fisica; Fluxo; Brasil; Amazonas; Tropical rain forest; Moisture; Fluxes; Água; Bactris Gasipaes; Cupuaçu; Floresta Tropical Úmida; Kudzu; Pueraria Phaseoloides; Pupunha; Solo; Theobroma Grandiflorum; Umidade; Uso da Terra; Density; Land use; Physical properties; Soil; Water.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/667398
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Avaliação de características recalcitrantes de sementes de castanha-do-brasil. Infoteca-e
FIGUEIREDO, F. J. C.; CARVALHO, J. E. U. de.
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Castanha-do-brasil; Caracteristica recalcitrante; Velocidade de emergencia; Camara seca e fria; Camara seca e quente; Camara umida e fria; Brasil nut; Recalcitrant; Characteristics; Seed; Moisture; Vigour; Speed of emergence; Dry and cold chamber; Dry and hot chamber; Humid and cold chamber; Bertholletia Excelsa; Emergência; Semente; Umidade; Vigor.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/379044
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