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Livestock Subsidies and Rangeland Degradation in Central Crete Ecology and Society
Lorent, Hugues; University of Louvain; hugues.lorent@uclouvain.be; Tsiourlis, Georgios M.; National Agricultural Research Foundation (NAGREF); gmtsiou@fri.gr; Lambin, Eric; University of Louvain; lambin@geog.ucl.ac.be.
Marginal and unstable environmental conditions force stockbreeders in drylands to develop adaptive strategies to ensure stability of production. In intensive market-oriented pastoral systems, the partial substitution of rangeland forage production by external feed increases the influence of commodity prices in stockbreeders’ decisions, which become increasingly decoupled from environmental constraints. In Mediterranean countries of the European Union (EU), Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) subsidies also influence agricultural practices, potentially increasing environmental impacts. By modeling subsidy allocation to sheep and goat breeders in Crete, we showed that livestock subsidies for Less Favoured Areas (LFA) stimulated flock growth up to a...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Common Agricultural Policy; Crete; Desertification; Sheep and goats; Subsidies; Vegetation-cover trend.
Ano: 2009
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Biotoppflege als neue Funktion und Leistung der Tierhaltung Organic Eprints
Rahmann, Gerold.
Biotopbeweidung mit der Leistung Pflege kann als neue Funktion der Tierhaltung verstanden werden. Die „Biotoppflege mit Nutztieren“ ist dabei eine spezielle Ausprägung der „Kulturlandschaftspflege mit Nutztieren“, die sich vor allem auf den biotischen (Flora und Fauna) und weniger auf den ästhetischen (Landschaftsbild) und abiotischen Schutz (Wasser, Boden, Luft) bezieht. Sie stellt eine tiergebundene Nutzung geschützter Grünlandstandorte dar, insbesondere der verschiedenen Ausprägungen der Magerrasen und des Feuchtgrünlandes, und kann als „pflegende Nutzung“ bzw. „nutzende Pflege“ geschützter Biotope verstanden werden. Obwohl eine Reihe von Biotopen durch jahrhundertelange Beweidung geprägt wurden, ist sie als gezieltes Instrument der Pflege relativ...
Tipo: Book Palavras-chave: Sheep and goats.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/8748/1/064_Habil.pdf
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Mikromineralinnhold i jord og planter - mikromineralforsyning til drøvtyggere i økologisk landbruk Organic Eprints
Strøm, Turid; Hansen, Sissel; Govasmark, Espen.
For alle mineralene unntatt klor var det et høgere innhold i 2. slått enn i 1. slått. Flere av planteprøvene viste så lavt innhold av ett eller flere makromineral at det antagelig reduserte avlingsnivået. Ut fra mineralbehovet hos sau og storfe viste plante- og blodprøver at flere av besetningene hadde liten tilførsel av svovel, fosfor, selen og E-vitamin, mens tilførselen av magnesium, kobolt og kopper var tilfredsstillende. Videre bearbeidelse av innsamla datamateriell og utprøving av ulike selentilskudd til jord og planter vil danne grunnlaget for å trekke endelig konklusjoner i forskningsprogrammet, samt utarbeide praktiske råd om mineraltilførsel til planter og drøvtyggere i økologisk landbruk.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Dairy cattle; Sheep and goats; Feeding and growth.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://orgprints.org/6927/1/Mineral%2DSIP_til_Kvithamardagene__22.01.03_m_fig.doc
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Lamb Production:grazing management, breeding policy and parasite control Organic Eprints
Hanrahan, J.P.; Good, Barbara.
Internal parasitic infection can pose major health problems in young livestock and this is particularly so in the context of lambs in organic production systems. In the context of sheep production on an organic farm the challenge to control parasite infection is especially difficult in situations where crop production is absent or a minor element of the whole farm system. Our investigations, to date at Athenry, have concerned an exploration of lamb production in an all-grass farming setting with particular attention being paid to the breeds employed and the seasonal patterns of gastrointestinal parasite challenge. This flock (about 110 ewes plus replacements) is wintered indoors and lambs in early March each year.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Feeding and growth; Breeding and genetics; Sheep and goats; Health and welfare.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://orgprints.org/19850/1/S.HanrahanConfPaper08.pdf
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Zahlen zur ökologischen Milchschafhaltung [Figures for organic dairy sheep keeping] Organic Eprints
Rahmann, Gerold.
Inhaltsverzeichnis Tabellen/ Abbildungen: Milchschafhaltung weltweit, in Europa und in Deutschland 1. Tierbestände 2001 in verschiedenen Teilen der Erde 2. Milchproduktion 2001 in verschiedenen Teilen der Erde 3. Schafmilchproduktion in ausgewählten Regionen und Ländern von 1961 bis 2001 4. Entwicklung des Milchschafbestandes in Deutschland seit 1900 Praktische Daten zur Milchschafhaltung im Ökologischen Landbau: 1. Produktionstechnische Kennzahlen von Milchschafen 2. Milchparameter von Schafen (Ostfriesisches Milchschaf) im Überblick 3. Vergleich der Stoffwechselleistung von Schaf, Ziege und Kuh 4. Zusammensetzung von Kuh-, Schaf- und Ziegenmilch in Prozent 5. Auswirkung verschiedener Futterrationen auf den Milchfettgehalt 6. Änderung...
Tipo: Web product Palavras-chave: Sheep and goats.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/589/1/rahmann%2D2001%2Dzahlen%2Dmilchschafhaltung.pdf
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Entwicklungspotenziale der ökologischen Schafhaltung in Deutschland Organic Eprints
Klumpp, Carolin; Häring, Anna Maria.
Die aktuelle Agrarpolitik der Bundesregierung verfolgt das Ziel, den Anteil der ökologisch bewirtschafteten Fläche bis 2010 von derzeit 3,7% auf 20% zu erhöhen. In wieweit die Schafhaltung zu einer Ausdehnung des ökologischen Landbaus in Deutschland beitragen kann, wird anhand einer Status-Quo-Analyse ermittelt. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags werden aktuelle Probleme aufgegriffen und mögliche Barrieren einer Ausdehnung der ökologischen Schafhaltung diskutiert.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Policy environments and social economy; Sheep and goats.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://orgprints.org/15349/1/klumpp_und_haering%2D2003_gewisola_poster.pdf
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Biologische Helminthenkontrolle bei Weidetieren mit nematophagen Pilzen Organic Eprints
Hertzberg, Hubertus; Larsen, Michael; Maurer, Veronika.
Die Kontrolle gastrointestinaler Nematoden bei Weidetieren basiert seit fünf Jahrzehnten nahezu ausschließlich auf dem Einsatz von Anthelminthika. Die derzeit vor allem bei den Schaf- und Ziegennematoden weltweit zunehmende Resistenzproblematik erfordert die Entwicklung neuer, innovativer Kontrollstrategien, wobei die biologische Bekämpfung auf der Basis nematophager Pilze den derzeit erfolgversprechensten Ansatz darstellt. Erste Versuche zur Anwendung dieser Pilze bei Pflanzen und Tieren erfolgten bereits in den 30er Jahren, doch erst in den 90er Jahren führten Experimente zur Prüfung der Passagefähigkeit einzelner Spezies durch den Magen-Darm-Trakt von Rindern zur Isolation von Duddingtonia flagrans, womit ein maßgeblicher Fortschritt erzielt wurde....
Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Sheep and goats; Production systems; Beef cattle; Health and welfare.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://orgprints.org/2733/1/hertzberg-et-al-2002-bmwt-helmithenkontrolle.pdf
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Alternative management strategies to prevent and control endo-parasite diseases in sheep and goat farming systems - a review of the recent scientific knowledge Organic Eprints
Rahmann, Gerold; Seip, Hannah.
Infestation with gastro-intestinal nematodes (GIN) in small ruminants can cause server economic losses and endanger animal welfare. The development of organic farming systems, the increased public awareness for drug residues in agricultural products and the development of resistant strains of parasites have enforced the search for sustainable alternatives. The aim of this review is to summarise the current scientific knowledge of alternative strategies to prevent and control endo-parasitic diseases in sheep and goat farming systems. Many scientific studies and projects have shown big discrepancies between results obtained under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Often research has been carried out under clinical conditions for extended periods before...
Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Sheep and goats; Health and welfare.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://orgprints.org/12975/1/180_LFV%2D2007%2D2%2DArtikel%2D08%2DRahmann%2DSeip.pdf
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Eight years of organic farming at Pwllpeiran – livestock production and the financial performance of organic upland Organic Eprints
Frost, David; McLean, Barbara M L; Evans, D Eifion.
This report was presented at the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference. Established for 8 years, this project evaluates the practicalities of organic beef and sheep production on an upland farm in an ESA. Grassland productivity, stocking rates and animal performance are closely related to seasonal variations in the clover content of the small area of improved land. Improving sales have been offset by increasing input costs. Subsidy payments assist financial performance, but ESA prescriptions effectively prevent increased production.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Sheep and goats; Animal husbandry; Beef cattle; Farm economics.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://orgprints.org/8419/1/frost_organic_farming_Pwllpeiran.pdf
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Rapid sustainability assessment of organic and low-input farming across Europe and identification of research needs Organic Eprints
The objective of this report is to present information on research needs to support improvement of sustainability of organic and low input dairy farms in the EU which could be addressed with on-farm projects. The report describes the execution and findings of two tasks in Work Package (WP) 1 of the SOLID project: 1) Case studies using a rapid sustainability assessment on a total of 70 organic and 32 low input dairy farms in nine countries across Europe and 2) a series of workshops held in these countries, designed to discover farmers’ views of research needs relating to aspects of sustainability. A total of 72 dairy cow farms from Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Italy, Romania and UK, and 30 dairy goat farms from Flanders, the Netherlands, Greece,...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Systems research and participatory research; Sheep and goats.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://orgprints.org/22721/1/Deliverable%20D%201.1%20Final%20New%20Title%2020%20May.pdf
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Alternative treatments in the control of psoroptic mange in a flock of organic production sheep. Organic Eprints
Palacios, C.; Lafuente, M.A.; de la Fuente, L.F..
Abstract The aim of the experiment was to verify the efficacy of the treatment of psoroptic mange in a flock of Churra sheep farmed under organic production conditions, using alternative methods. One group, C Control (N=9), was given no treatment, a second group, TAH Antihomotoxic (N=10), was intramuscularly administered an antihomotoxic preparation every two days, thus receiving a total of seven injections over a two-week period. The third group, TCI Citronella (N=10), was topically administered a 1% solution of 50%essential Citronella Java oil and 50% Potassium Soap twice daily, in each milking, during the two-week period. A fourth group, TCIT Citronella+Thymol (N=10), was topically administered Citronella with 1% mother tincture of Thymol to boost the...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Sheep and goats; Health and welfare.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://orgprints.org/18614/1/Palacios_2009_Sheep.pdf
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Rationelle Fütterung - Voraussetzung wirtschaftlicher ökologischer Lammfleischerzeugung Organic Eprints
Martin, Jörg; Blum, Elke.
Im ökologischen Landbau werden Lämmer zur Fleischerzeugung meist in Weidehaltung oder einer Kombination mit Stallhaltung gemästet. In diesen Haltungsformen ist die perfekte Energie- und Proteinversorgung schwierig zu realisieren. Ein Hauptproblem sind dabei die Anforderungen an die extensive Bewirtschaftung sowie Programme zum Naturschutz, welche zu niedrigen Erträgen und einer geringen Qualität des Futters führen kann. Daher ist eine abschließende Mästung der Lämmer im Stall nötig um die Anforderungen des Marktes zu erfüllen.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article Palavras-chave: Feeding and growth; Sheep and goats.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://orgprints.org/29712/1/Rationelle%20F%C3%BCtterung%20Lamm_Martin.pdf
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Effect of feeding vitamin E from different sources on the immune system and intestinal microbiota in small ruminants. Presentation of an on going Norwegian project Organic Eprints
Novoa-Garrido, Margarita; Aanensen, Lise; Jensen, Søren K.; Steinshamn, Håvard.
Vitamin E is important for ruminants to maintain an optimal immune function, reproduction traits and a high quality of milk and meat. Synthetic vitamin E consists of 87.5% tocopherol molecules with a non-natural configuration and is biological ineffective. The aim of this project is to study the effects of supplementing the diets with seaweed meal or oil seeds extracts as natural vitamin E sources on the immune system and gastrointestinal microbiota in sheep and their off-springs. Of special interest is the group fed with seaweed meal, since seaweed is an abundant and easy accessible raw material on the Norwegian coastline with a huge economical potential. The study includes 40 ewes and their future lambs. The animals will be followed from mating until...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Feeding and growth; Sheep and goats.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://orgprints.org/18827/1/Poster.pptx
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Stallmasse für die Haltung von Nutztieren im biologischen Landbau in der Schweiz (kurz: Stallmasse) Organic Eprints
Schneider, Claudia; Spengler, Anet; Werner, Stefan; Zeltner, Esther.
Das Merkblatt Stallmasse beinhaltet alle Stall- und Auslaufmasse für die Nutztierhaltung im Biolandbau. Die Zusammenstellung dient als Planungsinstrument für Tierhalter, als Hilfsmittel für die Beratung und als Nachschlagewerk für die Biokontrolle.
Tipo: Book Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Beef cattle; Sheep and goats; Pigs; Poultry.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://orgprints.org/18068/1/schneider%2Detal%2D2009%2Dstallmasse.pdf
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Magen-Darm Parasiten – Unterscheiden sich Schweizer Schafrassen bezüglich ihrer Anfälligkeit? Organic Eprints
Heckendorn, Felix.
Magen-Darm Würmer sind eines der grössten Probleme in der Haltung von kleinen Wiederkäuern. Infektionen mit diesen Parasiten führen je nach Befallsgrad zu erheblichen Einbussen in der Leistung der Tiere und können deren Gesundheit stark beeinträchtigen. Die Kontrolle von Magen-Darm Würmern stützt sich seit über 30 Jahren auf den Einsatz von Entwurmungsmitteln. Der lang jährige Einsatz dieser Mittel ist aber nicht unproblematisch. Bereits vor 15 Jahren gab es erste Berichte über reduzierte Wirksamkeiten von gewissen Entwurmungsmitteln. Weiterführende Studien brachten den Beweis, dass gewisse Wurmpopulationen Resistenzen gegen die Mittel entwickelt hatten. Gegenwärtig sind resistente Magen-Darm Wurmpopulationen weltweit eher die Regel als die Ausnahme und...
Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Sheep and goats; Health and welfare.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://orgprints.org/15622/1/heckendorn-2009-forum-3_2009-p12-15-dt.pdf
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CONVERSION OF A LAMB PRODUCTION SYSTEM TO ORGANIC FARMING: HOW TO MANAGE, FOR WHICH RESULTS? Organic Eprints
Marc, Benoit; Hervé, Tournadre; Jean-Pierre, Dulphy; Jacques, Cabaret; Sophie, Prache.
Two sheep flocks were managed organically (for two years from conversion onwards) under different lambing strategies (1 lambing/year vs. 3 lambings every two years). The second system was tested as there was a producer’s interest in high productivity that is a guarantee of good economic results in conventional. Reproduction, feeding, lamb production, carcass quality, health (particularly internal parasitism), economic return of the flock, grass production, and pasture biodiversity were evaluated. The lambs were bred under low therapeutic input. The economical advantage of increasing lambing frequency was not demonstrated, whereas this strategy complexified management and resulted in higher internal parasitic infection of the lambs, and finally showed a...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Sheep and goats; Health and welfare.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://orgprints.org/7049/1/25048ANdefsent.pdf
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Untersuchungen zur präventiven Magen-Darm-Strongyliden- Kontrolle bei Milchziegen mittels Esparsettenpellets Organic Eprints
Werne, Steffen; Lèbre, Amélie; Arnold, N.; Schwery, Moritz; Volken, Herbert; Heckendorn, Felix.
Dairy goats, naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes, were fed 700g sainfoin- or alfalfa-pellets per day, additionally to a non-tanniferous basic diet. The effect of the feeding on the parasite egg excretion per gramm faeces (EPG) was monitored over a period of 7 weeks. The trial was conducted in parallel at two sites; in France and in Switzerland. At both sites the same quality of sainfoin- and alfalfapellets were used. Compared to the alfalfa group the EPG of the sainfoin fed goats were reduced by 12% in France andby 18% in Switzerland. A repeated measurement analysis revealed no significant difference between the feeding groups at neither site. As it is very likely that the effect of condensed tannins on gastrointestinal nematodes is dose...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Sheep and goats; Health and welfare.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://orgprints.org/31611/1/Untersuchungen%20zur%20pr%C3%A4ventiven%20Magen-Darm-.pdf
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Anthroposophisch veterinärmedizinische Ansätze zur Ziegengesundheit Organic Eprints
Spranger, Jörg; Walkenhorst, Michael.
Forschung an Nutztieren basiert heute weitgehend auf der geistigen Grundhaltung, in Zucht, Haltung, Fütterung und Pflege den maximalen Grad von ausschliesslich ökonomisch orientierter Gestaltung ihrer Innen- und Umwelt herauszuarbeiten. Die Limitierung dieses Vorgehens besteht nur darin, die Grenze zur offensichtlichen Schädigung der Tiere nicht zu überschreiten. Ziel ist also eine Minimierung der Erfüllung legitimer artgemässer Ansprüche unter möglichst knapper Vermeidung daraus resultierender Krankheiten, Sterilitäten, vorzeitiger Abgänge und Leistungseinbussen. Diese Gratwanderung von Symptomfreiheit an der Grenze der Belastungsfähigkeit hat man sich angewöhnt, als Gesundheit misszuverstehen. Tiermedizinische Forschung wiederum hat weitgehend nur zum...
Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Sheep and goats; Health and welfare; Breeding and genetics.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://orgprints.org/2763/1/no%2Ddocument%2Drft.rtf
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Monitoring the welfare of sheep in conventional and organic farms using an ANI 35 L derived method Organic Eprints
Napolitano, Prof Fabio; De Rosa, Dr Giuseppe; Ferrante, Dr Valentina; Braghieri, Dr Ada; Barbieri, S..
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the inter-observer reliability of a welfare monitoring scheme to be applied to sheep, and compare the welfare state of the animals between 10 organic and 10 conventional sheep farms. No significant differences were observed between organic and conventional farms in terms of housing characteristics and animal based parameters (P>0.10). This result may be due to the fact that most of the farms, both conventional and organic, based their farming systems on an extensive use of the land by grazing animals. The monitoring protocol proved to be feasible (the mean time needed to perform the assessment of welfare was 45 min per farm) and reliable: a significant correlation between observers was observed for total...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Sheep and goats; Health and welfare.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://orgprints.org/12598/1/Napolitano_12598_ed.doc
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Organic Sheep and Goat Farming Organic Eprints
Rahmann, Gerold.
Organic sheep and goat farming is on the rise in Germany and the EU. Many consumers see organic farms as an example of the "intact world" of farming and rural living. Agrienvironmental schemes support conversion from conventional towards organic farming. Only few know how difficult organic sheep and goat farming is from animal welfare, ecological and economic perspective. Newcomers particularly overestimate the production and marketing potential of the field, and underestimate the associated husbandry (e.g., health) and labour problems. It usually takes years to learn how to operate a sheep and goat farm and make it profitable. In addition to patience, good animal handling skills, and marketing ability, qualified professional and veterinary advice is...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Sheep and goats.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://orgprints.org/12978/1/rahmann%2D188_Sheep_and_Goat_Pillnitzer_Sommerakademie_07.pdf
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