SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Effect of barley preservation method on milk production and milk quality in organic farming

Adler, Steffen A..

En lang rekke langvarige forsøk på produksjonssystemer har blitt gjennomført i de nordiske land. Hovedparten av disse ble startet etter 1980 og forsøkene varierer sterkt i målsetning, utforming og varighet. Men hva kommer ut av disse forsøkene? Har man fått en bedre forståelse av økologiske landbruks- systemer? Har ny kunnskap nådd ut til bonden og forbruke- ren? Og hvordan skjer dette? Til tross for stor interesse for produksjonssystemforsøk finnes det så langt ingen undersøkelse i Norden som systematiserer forsknings- designet og utforsker de kvalitative aspektene av kommunikasjonen mellom forsker, rådgiver og bonde. Kanskje denne hovedoppgaven i agro- økologi kan være til inspirasjon for en ny vurdering av systemforsøk.

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Systems research and participatory research Education; Extension and communication.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://orgprints.org/6737/1/fnytt1046%2D9.pdf

The effect of dried vs. ensiled barley (cv. Arve) on feed intake, milk yield and quality in organic production was tested in two experiments in Northern Norway. In the first experiment, two groups were given either 40% or 10% concentrated feed (barley) per cow and year, calculated on energy basis. Grass silage was fed ad. lib. Both drying and ensiling preserved barley properly and resulted in approximately the same feed intake and milk production. Cows in the group with 10% barley had lower milk protein concentration than cows in the group with 40% barley. The palatability of barley was in general low, and several cows refused parts of their allowances throughout the experiment. The second experiment had a cross over design with three treatments. The...

URL: http://orgprints.org/6426/1/Adler_NJF2005_Effect_of_barley_preservation.._poster.pdf

Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Post harvest management and techniques Feeding and growth.

Ano: 2005

Early or Normal Cut Grass Silage for Dairy Cows in Organic Farming

Early cut organic grass silage (roundbales) was compared with silage harvested 17 days (180 daydegrees) later in a continuous production experiment with 32 Norwegian Red dairy cows in early lactation. The experiment was carried out in Bodø, Norway. A half of the cows received a feed ration with 40% concentrates (H), and the other half 10% (L) on an annual energy basis. Feeding early cut silage of an organic ley increased feed intake, milk yield and milk protein concentration compared with normal cut. Left-overs of concentrates were a problem in the experiment and ways to improve the palatability of on farm produced cereals have to be developed. Early cut crop yields were only about half of the crop yield at normal cut. Therefore early cut may only be...

Tørket eller ensilert bygg til kyr i økologisk landbruk

Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Feeding and growth.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://orgprints.org/10572/1/ISFC%2DAdler.pdf

Ensilert bygg ble sammenlignet med tørket bygg som eneste kraftfôr til melkekyr i økologisk landbruk. Melkeproduksjonen har vært moderat i gruppen med 40% kraftfôr og lav i gruppen med 10% kraftfôr. Både tørking og ensilering konserverte bygget godt, med antydning til mugg på toppen av sekker med det ensilerte. Begge fôrslag hadde omtrent samme virkning på fôropptak og produksjon. Det har vist seg at bygg alene er for lite smakelig når det gis større mengder. Proteininnholdet i bygg var for lavt når det ble gitt som eneste kraftfôr til et surfôr med lavt proteininnhold.

Utilisation of co-streams in the Norwegian food processing industry

Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Feeding and growth.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://orgprints.org/6422/1/HFM_2005_108.pdf

Yield and herbage quality from organic grass clover leys—a meta-analysis of Norwegian field trials

Adler, Steffen A.; Honkapää, Kaisu; Saarela, Maria; Slizyte, Rasa; Sterten, Hallgeir; Vikman, Minna; Løes, Anne-Kristin.

Food losses occur throughout the entire food chain, from primary production via postharvest handling and storage, to food processing, distribution, retailing and consumption. Globally, food losses account for about one third of the total food produced for human consumption. The aim of this report was to map the production and utilisation of co-streams in the food processing industry in Norway and to discuss possibilities for alternative utilisation based on qualitative aspects of the co-streams, and current legislation. This report is produced by work package 3 in the CYCLE project (2013-2016), “Total utilisation of raw materials in the supply chain for food with a bio-economical perspective”. The CYCLE project aims to improve resource utilisation in the...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Produce chain management; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://orgprints.org/29808/1/CYCLE%20co-stream%20report%202014.pdf

Steinshamn, Håvard; Adler, Steffen A.; Frøseth, Randi Berland; Lunnan, Tor; Torp, Torfinn; Bakken, Anne Kjersti.

A meta-analysis based on experiments in organically cultivated grasslands in Norway was conducted to quantify the effects of management factors on herbage yield and feed quality. A dataset was collected that included 496 treatment means from experiments in five studies carried out at eight locations with the latitude range of 58.8 to 69.6 N between 1993 and 2010. We tested the effect of harvesting system (two vs. Three cuts annually), plant developmental stage at the first cut, growth period (temperature sum) and the herbage clover proportion. Plant maturity at the first cut and herbage clover proportion explained to a large extent herbage yield and quality of the first cut and annual yield. The timing of the first cut influenced also the yield and herbage...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://orgprints.org/30595/1/Steinshamn%20et%20al%202016%20Yield%20and%20herbage%20quality%20organic%20grassland%20authors%20copy.pdf

Case Produsentpakkeriet.Improving the utilisation of co-streams in potato and vegetable processing

Adler, Steffen A.; Løes, Anne-Kristin; Rommi, Katarina; Kambestad, G; Albrektsen, Thor-Erik.

During processing (packaging) of vegetables and potatoes, large proportions are sorted out due to minor damage or deviations from strict visual standards. Out-sorted products are poorly paid, and have a short shelf-life. Processing to increase the payment and shelf-life may support a more sustainable utilisation of these by-products. Conserving as silage is one option, which was studied in the bioeconomy-project "CYCLE" (2013-2017). Other approaches are also discussed.

The effect of fishmeal or peameal on milk fatty acid composition in organic farming

Palavras-chave: Food systems; Produce chain management.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://orgprints.org/31176/1/NIBIO%20Poster%20PPT.pdf

Feed fatty acid (FA) composition influences the FA composition of cow milk. In a continuous production experiment with 32 Norwegian red dairy cows fishmeal (FM) was compared to peameal (PM) as protein supplement to home-grown cereals and grass silage in organic farming. The protein supplements were together with cereals formulated to be isonitrogeneous and isoenergetic (NEL) and were compared at high (HC) and low concentrate (LC) level. The concentrate rations did not affect the intake of silage. Fishmeal resulted in significantly higher milk yield (kg) with a lower fat concentration (HC) compared to PM. Lower concentrations of urea and FFA were found in milk produced with FM compared to PM. Milk flavour and odour was equal or better when FM rather than PM...

Increased utilisation of renewable resources: Dilemmas for organic agriculture

Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Feeding and growth.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://orgprints.org/10570/1/FA_Adler_Randby_Skjervold_2006_short.pdf

Løes, Anne-Kristin; Adler, Steffen A..

Minimising outputs of waste and pollution by recycling and efficient utilisation of renewable Resources is of common interest for organic agriculture and the concepts of circular and bioeconomy. However, in practice, many efforts to increase recycling of various biological materials in organic agriculture are hampered because standards for certified organic production and processing tend to prefer natural products while avoiding processing and especially chemical processes. This creates several dilemmas and weakens the position of organic agriculture as a spear head in the development of better resource utilisation which will reduce environmental impacts from food production. Based on practical examples derived from projects aimed at better utilisation...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Assessment of impacts and risks; Evaluation of inputs; Regulation.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://orgprints.org/34527/1/Loes%20and%20Adler%20OA%20January%202019%20Dilemmas%20published%20online.pdf

Fatty acid composition, fat-soluble vitamin concentrations and oxidative stability in bovine milk produced on two pastures with different botanical composition

URL: http://orgprints.org/23128/1/Adler%20et%20al%202013%20Fatty%20acid%20composition%20fat%20soluble%20vitamin%20concentration%20oxidative%20stability%20bovine%20milk%20pasture%20botanical%20composition.pdf

Adler, Steffen A.; Dahl, A.V.; Jensen, S.K.; Thuen, E.; Gustavsson, A.-M.; Steinshamn, H..

Previous research has shown that grazing pastures compared to feeding preserved forages has large impact on milk fatty acid (FA) composition, but differences between grazing red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) or white clover (Trifolium repens L.) are small, whereas the herbage proportions of dicotyledon botanical families is positively correlated with the milk-fat proportions of total polyunsaturated FA when grazing pastures in the Alps. The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of botanically different pastures on bovine milk composition and milk susceptibility to oxidation. Two groups of 8 multiparous Norwegian Red dairy cows [mean (standard deviation); 599 (45.1) kg body weight, 73 (15.0) d in milk, 29.9 (2.90) kg milk/d at...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle Pasture and forage crops Food security; Food quality and human health.

Ano: 2013

Phyto-oestrogens and their metabolites in milk produced on two pastures with different botanical compositions

Adler, Steffen A.; Purup, Stig; Hansen-Møller, Jens; Thuen, Erling; Gustavsson, Anne-Maj; Steinshamn, Håvard.

Phyto-oestrogens are a group of secondary plant metabolites that may bind to oestrogen receptors and exert oestrogenic or anti-oestrogenic effects in humans and can protect against cancer diseases. When ingested by dairy cows, phyto-oestrogens can be metabolised and transferred to the milk. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of grazing a recently established pasture containing red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and an older pasture containing a variety of sown and unsown plant species on milk concentrations of phyto-oestrogens. Sixteen Norwegian Red dairy cows [mean (standard deviation); body weight 599 (45.1) kg, stage of lactation 73 (15.0) d in milk, milk yield 29.9 (2.90) kg/d at the start of the experiment] were divided into two...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle Pasture and forage crops Food security; Food quality and human health.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://orgprints.org/25723/7/25723.pdf

Påvirker høstetid for gras innholdet av gunstige fettsyrer i økologisk melk?

Effekten av høstetid for økologisk eng i Nord-Norge på sammensetning av fettsyrer i melk ble undersøkt i et fôringsforsøk med melkekyr. Tidlig høsting av økologisk eng økte ytelsen og protein% i melk. Normal høstetid ga høyere fett% og en antatt helsemessig gunstigere sammensetning av melkefettet. Dette skyldtes bedre forhold mellom mettet og umettet fett samt mer CLA og transvaccensyre (C18:1t11). Innholdet av alfa-linolensyre (C18:3c9,12,15), og forholdet mellom omega-6 og omega-3 fettsyrer var gunstigst i melk fra tidlig høsta gras.

URL: http://orgprints.org/6420/1/Adler_SLU2005_Pavirker_hostetid_for_gras......_poster.pdf

Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Food security; Food quality and human health Feeding and growth.

Ano: 2005

Effekt av kløverart og høstetid på innhold og sammensetning av fettsyrer

Adler, Steffen A.; Steinshamn, Håvard; Bleken, Marina A.; Langeland, Åsmund; Thuen, Erling.

Effekten av kløverart og høstetid på innhold og sammensetning av fettsyrer i avlingen fra økologisk kløvereng ble undersøkt. Kløverart påvirket ikke innholdet av fettsyrer men økende innhold av rødkløver økte andelen av alfalinolensyre. Tidlig 1. slått førte til høyere innhold av fettsyrer og større andel av alfalinolensyre enn normal høstetid.

Fiskemel eller erter som proteinkilde til kyr i økologisk melkeproduksjon

Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Pasture and forage crops.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://orgprints.org/10573/1/FA_Adler_2006_PM%C3%98.pdf

I et kontinuerlig produksjonsforsøk med 32 melkekyr (2005-06) i økologisk landbruk ble kraftfôrrasjoner basert på fiskemel og erter sammenlikna. Ved hjelp av kornblanding (havre og bygg) ble rasjonene balansert til å bli isonitrogene og isoenergetiske. Dyra var, permanent over tre år, fordelt på 2 grupper med en årlig kraftfôrtildeling tilsvarende henholdsvis 40% (H) og 10% (L) av fôrrasjonen (regnet på energibasis). Fiskemel ga høyere melkeytelse enn erter, og minst like god melkesmak. Fettsyresammensetningen i melka var gunstigst når fiskemel ble fôret. Både fiskemel og havre kan ha bidratt til den gunstige sammensetningen av fettsyrer. Både fiskemel og erter er gode proteinfôrmidler for økologisk melkeproduksjon. En kombinasjon av de to proteinkildene...

Research Design and Communication in Production System Experiments - A Multiple-Case Study in the Nordic Countries

Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Feeding and growth.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://orgprints.org/10566/1/Adler_Randby_fiskemel_erter_HFM07.pdf

Ulike utviklingstrinn på surfôr til økologisk melkeproduksjon i Nord-Norge

Adler, Steffen A..

Since the 1980s, production system experiments are a commonly used research strategy in ecological farming in the Nordic countries. This type of experiments fit in under the holistic oriented framework of farming systems research, which was developed in the 1970s as a reaction to the negative impacts of the Green Revolution in developing countries. The approach is to investigate farming systems as a whole and integrate researchers, extensionists and farmers actively in the research design. In the Nordic countries, 48 production system experiments are identified in a survey. By using the criteria of 1) research orientation, 2) experimental area, 3) duration and 4) other criteria, the design of the production system experiments could be characterised as...

Tipo: Thesis

Palavras-chave: Systems research and participatory research; Research communication and quality.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://orgprints.org/6736/1/Adler_2003_M_Sc_thesis.pdf

Økologisk eng ble høstet (første slått) når timoteiaksene kunne kjennes i stengelen (S1) og når hele timoteiaks var synlig (S2) og ensilert i rundballer i Bodø i 2004. De to surfôrtypene ble sammenlignet i et kontinuerlig produksjonsforsøk med 32 melkekyr. Før kalving ble dyrene delt inn i 2 grupper med en årlig kraftfôrtildeling tilsvarende henholdsvis 40% (H) og 10% (L) i fôrrasjonen (regnet på energibasis). Første slått ved utviklingstrinn 1 ga lavere avlinger enn ved utviklingstrinn 2 (217 vs. 466 kg TS/daa). Ved bruk av S1 kunne kraftfôrmengden reduseres med over 3 kg TS per dag uten å redusere melkeytelsen nevneverdig sammenlikna med S2 og høy kraftfôrmengde, og samtidig økte proteininnholdet. I den grad reduserte engavlinger ikke er en begrensende...

Ensilering av frasorterte poteter og gulrøtter - fra tap til fôr med tilleggsverdi

Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Feeding and growth.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://orgprints.org/10567/1/Adler_Randby_utviklingstrinn_HFM07.pdf

Adler, Steffen A.; Slizyte, Rasa; Alakomi, Hanna-Leena; Rubash, Uladzimir; Ebbesvik, Martha.

Omtrent en fjerde del av potetene og gulrøttene som pakkeriene mottar blir sortert ut fordi de ikke oppfyller kravene til salg av fersk mat. Disse restråvarene har lav økonomisk verdi til tross for god fôrverdi. I dag leveres frasorterte råvarer til matindustri og brukes som fôr til drøvtyggere. Målet med prosjektet var å finne ut om potet og gulrot ensilert med probiotiske bakterier kan ha et potensiale som fôrprodukt. I tillegg til en litteraturgjennomgang på ensilering, fôring med ensilasje og probiotika, besto prosjektet av to deler: Ensileringsforsøk med vakuumposer for å teste effekten av ulike blandinger og tilsetning av melkesyrebakterier på ensileringskvalitet og lagringsstabilitet og en casestudie for å sammenligne betydningen av ulike...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Feeding and growth.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://orgprints.org/32645/1/NORS%C3%98K%20Rapport%20nr.%204%202017%20Ensilering%20av%20frasorterte%20poteter%20og%20gulr%C3%B8tter%20Adler%20et%20al.pdf

Gastrointestinal metabolism of phytoestrogens in lactating dairy cows fed silages with different botanical composition

Njåstad, Kari Marie; Adler, Steffen A.; Hansen-Møller, Jens; Thuen, Erling; Gustavsson, Anne-Maj; Steinshamn, Håvard.

Dietary phytoestrogens are metabolized or converted in the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants, only limited knowledge exists on the extent and location of this conversion in vivo. The objective of this study was to quantify the gastro-intestinal metabolism of phytoestrogens in lactating dairy cows fed silages with different botanical composition. Four lactating rumen cannulated Norwegian Red cattle were assigned to a 4?4 Latin square with 1 cow per treatment period of 3 wk. The 4 treatment silages were prepared from grasslands with different botanical compositions: organically managed short-term timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) ley (2 yr old: ORG-SG); organically managed long-term grassland with a high proportion of...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle Food security; Food quality and human health Feeding and growth.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://orgprints.org/27827/1/Njaastad%20et%20al%202014%20Gastrointestinal%20metabolism%20of%20phytoestrogens%20in%20dairy%20cows.pdf

Equol and enterolactone – two mammalian phytoestrogens with estrogenic potency found in organically produced milk

Adler, Steffen A.; Steinshamn, Håvard.

Cows fed red clover yield milk with high concentrations of the isoflavandiol equol, a phytoestrogen with high estrogen potency. Soy products have much higher content of isoflavones than milk, but not all humans are able to produce equol from isoflavones. Many plant lignans can be metabolised to enterolactone, and milk concentrations tend to be higher during grazing season than indoor feeding season. Therefore, milk produced on feed containing red clover and milk produced on pasture may be considered a functional food. However, more documentations on possible effects in humans, including unwanted side effects are needed.

Økologisk mjølk: Er det mulig uten kraftfôr?

Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Feeding and growth.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://orgprints.org/31380/1/Adler%20NJF%20RT%20SA.docx