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| Gustavo Rohenkohl; Anna Dal Molin; Anna C. Nobre. |
| Time is an essential dimension of our experience, framing human behaviour at scales ranging from the millisecond organization of motor actions to circadian rhythms cycle, and beyond. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which the brain keeps time and uses temporal information to organise behaviour remain unknown. Whereas the principles of the organisation of spatial cognition in the human brain are emerging, the same is not true for temporal cognition. The current study tested the influence of temporal expectations on attentional orienting to moving targets. In this task, a ball appeared at the left side of a screen and moved across the screen in steps following either a regular or irregular rhythm. After reaching an occluding band, the ball was temporarily... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2956/version/1 |
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| Ian C. Gould; Mark G. Stokes; Kathryn Atherton; Anna C. Nobre. |
| The control mechanisms that guide selective attention are typically examined in response to explicit attentional cues. In everyday life, however, the focus of attention is more typically guided according to past experiences than direct instruction. We therefore developed a novel behavioural paradigm to examine the neural substrate of memory-guided attentional orienting. Participants first learn the location of target stimuli hidden within naturalistic scenes. After the target locations have been learned, participants then perform an attention-orienting task. Each experimental trial begins with a cue stimulus, consisting of the memory scene presented without the target stimulus. A test scene is then presented, with a 50% probability of a target stimulus... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2955/version/1 |
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| Alexandra M. Murray; Bo-Cheng Kuo; Mark G. Stokes; Anna C. Nobre. |
| Previous research has found that Contralateral Delay Activity (CDA) is correlated with the number of items maintained in Visual Short Term Memory from one visual field (VF) (Vogel & Machizawa, 2004). CDA is usually elicited by a to-be-remembered array after a prospective cue (pro-cue) signalling the relevant side of the visual display, and is interpreted as a putative electrophysiological signature of WM maintenance. Attention can also be directed to the contents of VSTM, after the presentation of a visual array, using a retroactive cue (retro-cue) (Nobre, Griffin, & Rao, 2008). Because retro-cueing directs attention within a memory trace, potentially reducing the load of items to be maintained, we hypothesised that this would... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2958/version/1 |
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| E. Zita Patai; Jennifer Summerfield; Anling Rao; Anna C. Nobre. |
| The role of attentional orienting in daily life is to selectively deploy both behavioural and neural resources towards events, based on continually changing task goals and expectations, in order to optimize performance. In the following experiment, we show that attentional orienting is influenced by long-term memories in a perceptual discrimination task. In the learning phase, participants were trained on 120 ecologically valid natural scenes, of which 80 contained a target. Their task was to locate the target (a small key) on the screen by clicking on it with the mouse. One or two days later, participants completed a cued perceptual discrimination task. The same scenes that were studied before, but without any targets, were presented as cues (50 ms... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2960/version/1 |
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