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| Baum, Sabine; Cook, Peter; Stange, Henriette; Weingarten, Peter. |
| In the course of economic development there is a general downward trend of agricultural employment, although structural change in agriculture is often delayed. In the EU-15, agricultural employment decreased by -2.3% p.a. (measured in regular persons) and -3.0% p.a. (measured in annual working units) between 1995 and 2000. In some of the new EU Member States, employment in agriculture plummeted in the early 1990s, whereas in others it increased during the first years of transition and has served as a social buffer in times of economic hardship. The most important determinants of agricultural employment changes are labor saving technical progress, the macroeconomic environment, the farm structure, socio-economic characteristics of the farmer and... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural labor market; Agricultural policy; European Union; Transition countries; Case studies; Agricultural and Food Policy; Labor and Human Capital; J43; Q18; Q19. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25395 |
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| Baum, Sabine; Weingarten, Peter. |
| Since the beginning of transition, interregional disparities in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) have increased. Particularly, the differences between urban and rural areas have grown. This paper traces the development of these disparities and discusses, based on theoretical considerations and political objectives, the need for and the design of regional policy measures. For rural development in the new EU member states, institution building, competitiveness of the agri-food sector, non-farm income sources and labour mobility are crucial. These measures should be adapted to the specific characteristics of the respective areas. Since the end of the 1990's, the efforts of regional policy in the CEECs were highly influenced by the preparation... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Regional disparities; Rural area; Regional policy; Structural policy; Central and Eastern Europe; EU Eastern Enlargement; Regional types; Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97217 |
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| Baum, Sabine; Cook, Peter; Stange, Henriette; Weingarten, Peter. |
| In the course of economic development there is a general downward trend of agricultural employment. In the EU-15, agricultural employment decreased by 2.3% p.a. (measured in regular persons) and 3.0% p.a. (measured in annual working units) between 1995 and 2000. In some of the new EU Member States, employment in agriculture plummeted in the early 1990s, whereas in others it increased during the first years of transition and has served as a social buffer in times of economic hardship. The most important determinants of agricultural employment changes are labor saving technical progress, the macroeconomic environment, the farm structure, socio-economic characteristics of the farmer and agricultural support policies. Currently, farmers in the enlarged EU... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural labor market; Agricultural policy; European Union; Transition countries; Case studies.; Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14962 |
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| Baum, Sabine; Trapp, Christian; Weingarten, Peter. |
| Rural areas in Central and Eastern Europe are very often associated with a backwardness in terms of income and employment opportunities, a high dependency on agriculture, the out-migration of young, skilled people, a low population density and an insufficient infrastructure. In this paper 3 typologies are presented, which show that rural areas cannot be considered homogeneous and not all of them need the same developmental measures. The first typology classified all NUTS-3 regions in the ten Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC-10) by means of cluster analysis according to 7 demographic and socio-economic criteria. The result revealed 5 different types of regions as most adequate: three are largely rural, one includes both rural, and especially... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Rural area; Typology; Central and Eastern Europe; Cluster analysis; Community/Rural/Urban Development; C19; P25; R12. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14906 |
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