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Response of North-Atlantic Ocean circulation to atmospheric weather regimes ArchiMer
Barrier, Nicolas; Cassou, Christophe; Deshayes, Julie; Treguier, Anne-marie.
A new framework is proposed for investigating the atmospheric forcing of North-Atlantic ocean circulation. Instead of using classical modes of variability, such as the North-Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) or the East-Atlantic Pattern, we here use the weather regimes paradigm. Using this framework we avoid problems associated with the assumptions of orthogonality and symmetry that are particular to modal analysis and known to be unsuitable for the NAO. Using ocean-only historical and sensitivity experiments, we investigate the impacts of the four winter weather regimes on horizontal and overturning circulations. Our results suggest that the Atlantic Ridge (AR), NAO− and NAO+ regimes induce a fast (monthly to interannual timescales) adjustment of the gyres via...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Circulation; Dynamics; Meridional overturning circulation; Atm; Ocean Structure; Phenomena; Gyres; North Atlantic Oscillation; Wind; Physical Meteorology and Climatology; Climate classification; Regimes; Models and modeling; Ocean models.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00161/27258/25467.pdf
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Evaluation of CNRM Earth System Model, CNRM-ESM2-1: Role of Earth System Processes in Present-Day and Future Climate ArchiMer
Seferian, Roland; Nabat, Pierre; Michou, Martine; Saint-martin, David; Voldoire, Aurore; Colin, Jeanne; Decharme, Bertrand; Delire, Christine; Berthet, Sarah; Chevallier, Matthieu; Senesi, Stephane; Franchisteguy, Laurent; Vial, Jessica; Mallet, Marc; Joetzjer, Emilie; Geoffroy, Olivier; Gueremy, Jean-francois; Moine, Marie-pierre; Msadek, Rym; Ribes, Aurelien; Rocher, Matthias; Roehrig, Romain; Salas-y-melia, David; Sanchez, Emilia; Terray, Laurent; Valcke, Sophie; Waldman, Robin; Aumont, Olivier; Bopp, Laurent; Deshayes, Julie; Ethe, Christian; Madec, Gurvan.
This study introduces CNRM-ESM2-1, the Earth system (ES) model of second generation developed by CNRM-CERFACS for the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). CNRM-ESM2-1 offers a higher model complexity than the Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model CNRM-CM6-1 by adding interactive ES components such as carbon cycle, aerosols, and atmospheric chemistry. As both models share the same code, physical parameterizations, and grid resolution, they offer a fully traceable framework to investigate how far the represented ES processes impact the model performance over present-day, response to external forcing and future climate projections. Using a large variety of CMIP6 experiments, we show that represented ES processes impact more...
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Ano: 2019 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78800/81052.pdf
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Surface vertical PV fluxes and subtropical mode water formation in an eddy-resolving numerical simulation ArchiMer
Maze, Guillaume; Deshayes, Julie; Marshall, John; Treguier, Anne-marie; Chronis, Alexandros; Vollmer, Lukas.
Subtropical mode waters are characterized by low potential vorticity (PV) and so the mechanisms by which PV is extracted from the ocean by air–sea interaction are of great relevance to our understanding of how mode waters are formed. This study analyzes those mechanisms by comparing the magnitude and spatial patterns of surface PV fluxes of diabatic and frictional origin in a high resolution numerical simulation of the North Atlantic. The model resolves mesoscale eddies and exhibits realism in the volume and regional distribution of subtropical mode water, both in the annual-mean and seasonal cycle. It is found that the diabatic and mechanic fluxes of PV through the sea surface are of similar amplitude locally, but their spatial structures are very...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Subtropical mode water; Potential vorticity flux; Mesoscale turbulence.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00133/24434/22520.pdf
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Improvements of simulated Western North Atlantic current system and impacts on the AMOC ArchiMer
Talandier, Claude; Deshayes, Julie; Treguier, Anne-marie; Capet, Xavier; Benshila, Rachid; Debreu, Laurent; Dussin, Raphael; Molines, J. -m.; Madec, Gerard.
Previous studies have shown that low horizontal resolution (of the order of 1°) ocean models, hence climate models, are not able to adequately represent boundary currents nor mesoscale processes which affect the dynamics and thermohaline circulation of the ocean. While the effect of mesoscale eddies can be parameterized in low resolution models, boundary currents require relatively high horizontal resolution. We clarify the impact of increasing the resolution on the North Atlantic circulation, with emphasis on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), by embedding a 1/8° nest covering the North Atlantic into a global 1/2° model. Increasing the resolution in the nest leads to regional improvements of the circulation and thermohaline...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Deep Western Boundary Current; Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation; North Atlantic Current; Gulf Stream; Subpolar gyre.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00173/28472/26812.pdf
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OMIP contribution to CMIP6: experimental and diagnostic protocol for the physical component of the Ocean Model Intercomparison Project ArchiMer
Griffies, Stephen M.; Danabasoglu, Gokhan; Durack, Paul J.; Adcroft, Alistair J.; Balaji, V.; Boning, Claus W.; Chassignet, Eric P.; Curchitser, Enrique; Deshayes, Julie; Drange, Helge; Fox-kemper, Baylor; Gleckler, Peter J.; Gregory, Jonathan M.; Haak, Helmuth; Hallberg, Robert W.; Heimbach, Patrick; Hewitt, Helene T.; Holland, David M.; Ilyina, Tatiana; Jungclaus, Johann H.; Komuro, Yoshiki; Krasting, John P.; Large, William G.; Marsland, Simon J.; Masina, Simona; Mcdougall, Trevor J.; Nurser, A. J. George; Orr, James C.; Pirani, Anna; Qiao, Fangli; Stouffer, Ronald J.; Taylor, Karl E.; Treguier, Anne-marie; Tsujino, Hiroyuki; Uotila, Petteri; Valdivieso, Maria; Wang, Qiang; Winton, Michael; Yeager, Stephen G..
The Ocean Model Intercomparison Project (OMIP) is an endorsed project in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). OMIP addresses CMIP6 science questions, investigating the origins and consequences of systematic model biases. It does so by providing a framework for evaluating (including assessment of systematic biases), understanding, and improving ocean, sea-ice, tracer, and biogeochemical components of climate and earth system models contributing to CMIP6. Among the WCRP Grand Challenges in climate science (GCs), OMIP primarily contributes to the regional sea level change and near-term (climate/decadal) prediction GCs. OMIP provides (a) an experimental protocol for global ocean/sea-ice models run with a prescribed atmospheric forcing;...
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Ano: 2016 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00352/46300/45938.pdf
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CMIP5 Model Intercomparison of Freshwater Budget and Circulation in the North Atlantic ArchiMer
Deshayes, Julie; Curry, Ruth; Msadek, Rym.
The subpolar North Atlantic is a center of variability of ocean properties, wind stress curl, and air-sea exchanges. Observations and hindcast simulations suggest that from the early 1970s to the mid-1990s the subpolar gyre became fresher while the gyre and meridional circulations intensified. This is opposite to the relationship of freshening causing a weakened circulation, most often reproduced by climate models. The authors hypothesize that both these configurations exist but dominate on different time scales: a fresher subpolar gyre when the circulation is more intense, at interannual frequencies (configuration A), and a saltier subpolar gyre when the circulation is more intense, at longer periods (configuration B). Rather than going into the detail of...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Atmosphere-ocean interaction; Freshwater; Climate models; Model comparison; Climate variability; North Atlantic Oscillation.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00199/31024/29429.pdf
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A Lagrangian Method to Isolate the Impacts of Mixed Layer Subduction on the Meridional Overturning Circulation in a Numerical Model ArchiMer
Thomas, Matthew; Treguier, Anne-marie; Blanke, Bruno; Deshayes, Julie; Voldoire, Aurore.
Large differences in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) exhibited between the available ocean models pose problems as to how they can be interpreted for climate policy. A novel Lagrangian methodology has been developed for use with ocean models that enables a decomposition of the AMOC according to its source waters of subduction from the mixed layer of different geographical regions. The method is described here and used to decompose the AMOC of the Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques (CNRM) ocean model, which is approximately 4.5 Sv (1 Sv = 106 m3 s−1) too weak at 26°N, compared to observations. Contributions from mixed layer subduction to the peak AMOC at 26°N in the model are dominated by the Labrador Sea, which contributes...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Circulation; Dynamics; Convection; Lagrangian circulation; Transport; Meridional overturning circulation; Atm; Ocean Structure; Phenomena; Oceanic mixed layer; Models and modeling; General circulation models.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00284/39523/38016.pdf
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Eddy contributions to the meridional transport of salt in the North Atlantic ArchiMer
Treguier, Anne-marie; Deshayes, Julie; Lique, Camille; Dussin, Raphael; Molines, Jean-marc.
The meridional transport of salt in the Atlantic ocean is an important process for climate, controlling the stability of the meridional overturning circulation. The contribution of transient eddies to this transport is quantified in an eddy resolving North Atlantic model at 1/12 degrees resolution (NATL12), and compared with lower resolution North-Atlantic and global 1/4 degrees models. In NATL12 between 10 degrees N and 40 degrees N, there is a volume loss by evaporation of 0.6 Sverdrups (Sv). The divergence of the eddy flux of salt (normalized by a reference salinity of 34.8) is 0.2 Sv over the region, a significant fraction of the total air-seawater exchange, but it is compensated by an opposite convergent transport of salt by the mean flow, so that the...
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Ano: 2012 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00083/19441/17052.pdf
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The North Atlantic Eddy Heat Transport and Its Relation with the Vertical Tilting of the Gulf Stream Axis ArchiMer
Treguier, Anne-marie; Lique, Camille; Deshayes, Julie; Molines, J. M..
Correlations between temperature and velocity fluctuations are a significant contribution to the North Atlantic meridional heat transport, especially at the northern boundary of the subtropical gyre. In satellite observations and in a numerical model at 1/12 degrees resolution, a localized pattern of positive eddy heat flux is found northwest of the Gulf Stream, downstream of its separation at Cape Hatteras. It is confined to the upper 500 m. A simple kinematic model of a meandering jet can explain the surface eddy flux, taking into account a spatial shift between the maximum velocity of the jet and the maximum cross-jet temperature gradient. In the Gulf Stream such a spatial shift results from the nonlinear temperature profile and the vertical tilting of...
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Ano: 2017 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00391/50247/50871.pdf
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Heat budget in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre: impacts of atmospheric weather regimes on the 1995 warming event ArchiMer
Barrier, Nicolas; Deshayes, Julie; Treguier, Anne-marie; Cassou, Christophe.
In the mid 1990’s, the North Atlantic subpolar gyre has shown a dramatic warming event that has been thoroughly investigated from observations and numerical simulations. Some studies suggest that it is due to an interannual, wind-driven weakening and shrinking of the gyre that facilitated the penetration of warm Atlantic Water, the weakening of the gyre being attributed to changes in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the East Atlantic Pattern, which are the two dominant modes of atmospheric variability in the North Atlantic. However, other studies suggest that the warming event is due to a decadal, buoyancy-driven strengthening of the meridional overturning circulation and subsequent intensification of the poleward heat transport, in response to the...
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Ano: 2015 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00218/32882/31753.pdf
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Copernicus Marine Service Ocean State Report ArchiMer
Von Schuckmann, Karina; Le Traon, Pierre-yves; Smith, Neville; Pascual, Ananda; Brasseur, Pierre; Fennel, Katja; Djavidnia, Samy; Aaboe, Signe; Alvarez Fanjul, Enrique; Autret, Emmanuelle; Axell, Lars; Aznar, Roland; Benincasa, Mario; Bentamy, Abderrahim; Boberg, Fredrik; Bourdalle-badie, Romain; Nardelli, Bruno Buongiorno; Brando, Vittorio E.; Bricaud, Clement; Breivik, Lars-anders; Brewin, Robert J. W.; Capet, Arthur; Ceschin, Adrien; Ciliberti, Stefania; Cossarini, Gianpiero; De Alfonso, Marta; De Pascual Collar, Alvaro; De Kloe, Jos; Deshayes, Julie; Desportes, Charles; Drevillon, Marie; Drillet, Yann; Droghei, Riccardo; Dubois, Clotilde; Embury, Owen; Etienne, Helene; Fratianni, Claudia; Garcia Lafuente, Jesus; Garcia Sotillo, Marcos; Garric, Gilles; Gasparin, Florent; Gerin, Riccardo; Good, Simon; Gourrion, Jerome; Gregoire, Marilaure; Greiner, Eric; Guinehut, Stephanie; Gutknecht, Elodie; Hernandez, Fabrice; Hernandez, Olga; Hoyer, Jacob; Jackson, Laura; Jandt, Simon; Josey, Simon; Juza, Melanie; Kennedy, John; Kokkini, Zoi; Korres, Gerasimos; Kouts, Mariliis; Lagemaa, Priidik; Lavergne, Thomas; Le Cann, Bernard; Legeais, Jean-francois; Lemieux-dudon, Benedicte; Levier, Bruno; Lien, Vidar; Maljutenko, Ilja; Manzano, Fernando; Marcos, Marta; Marinova, Veselka; Masina, Simona; Mauri, Elena; Mayer, Michael; Melet, Angelique; Melin, Frederic; Meyssignac, Benoit; Monier, Maeva; Muller, Malte; Mulet, Sandrine; Naranjo, Cristina; Notarstefano, Giulio; Paulmier, Aurelien; Perez Gomez, Begona; Perez Gonzalez, Irene; Peneva, Elisaveta; Perruche, Coralie; Peterson, K. Andrew; Pinardi, Nadia; Pisano, Andrea; Pardo, Silvia; Poulain, Pierre-marie; Raj, Roshin P.; Raudsepp, Urmas; Ravdas, Michaelis; Reid, Rebecca; Rio, Marie-hélène; Salon, Stefano; Samuelsen, Annette; Sammartino, Michela; Sammartino, Simone; Sando, Anne Britt; Santoleri, Rosalia; Sathyendranath, Shubha; She, Jun; Simoncelli, Simona; Solidoro, Cosimo; Stoffelen, Ad; Storto, Andrea; Szerkely, Tanguy; Tamm, Susanne; Tietsche, Steffen; Tinker, Jonathan; Tintore, Joaquin; Trindade, Ana; Van Zanten, Daphne; Vandenbulcke, Luc; Verhoef, Anton; Verbrugge, Nathalie; Viktorsson, Lena; Wakelin, Sarah L.; Zacharioudaki, Anna; Zuo, Hao.
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Ano: 2018 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00601/71276/71010.pdf
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Copernicus Marine Service Ocean State Report, Issue 3 ArchiMer
Von Schuckmann, Karina; Le Traon, Pierre-yves; Smith, Neville; Pascual, Ananda; Djavidnia, Samuel; Gattuso, Jean-pierre; Grégoire, Marilaure; Nolan, Glenn; Aaboe, Signe; Aguiar, Eva; Álvarez Fanjul, Enrique; Alvera-azcárate, Aida; Aouf, Lotfi; Barciela, Rosa; Behrens, Arno; Belmonte Rivas, Maria; Ben Ismail, Sana; Bentamy, Abderrahim; Borgini, Mireno; Brando, Vittorio E.; Bensoussan, Nathaniel; Blauw, Anouk; Bryère, Philippe; Buongiorno Nardelli, Bruno; Caballero, Ainhoa; Çağlar Yumruktepe, Veli; Cebrian, Emma; Chiggiato, Jacopo; Clementi, Emanuela; Corgnati, Lorenzo; De Alfonso, Marta; De Pascual Collar, Álvaro; Deshayes, Julie; Di Lorenzo, Emanuele; Dominici, Jean-marie; Dupouy, Cécile; Drévillon, Marie; Echevin, Vincent; Eleveld, Marieke; Enserink, Lisette; García Sotillo, Marcos; Garnesson, Philippe; Garrabou, Joaquim; Garric, Gilles; Gasparin, Florent; Gayer, Gerhard; Gohin, Francis; Grandi, Alessandro; Griffa, Annalisa; Gourrion, Jerome; Hendricks, Stefan; Heuzé, Céline; Holland, Elisabeth; Iovino, Doroteaciro; Juza, Mélanie; Kurt Kersting, Diego; Kipson, Silvija; Kizilkaya, Zafer; Korres, Gerasimos; Kõuts, Mariliis; Lagemaa, Priidik; Lavergne, Thomas; Lavigne, Heloise; Ledoux, Jean-baptiste; Legeais, Jean Francois; Lehodey, Patrick; Linares, Cristina; Liu, Ye; Mader, Julien; Maljutenko, Ilja; Mangin, Antoine; Manso-narvarte, Ivan; Mantovani, Carlo; Markager, Stiig; Mason, Evan; Mignot, Alexandre; Menna, Milena; Monier, Maeva; Mourre, Baptiste; Müller, Malte; Nielsen, Jacob Woge; Notarstefano, Giulio; Ocaña, Oscar; Pascual, Ananda; Patti, Bernardo; Payne, Mark R.; Peirache, Marion; Pardo, Silvia; Pérez Gómez, Begoña; Pisano, Andrea; Perruche, Coralie; Peterson, K. Andrew; Pujol, Marie-isabelle; Raudsepp, Urmas; Ravdas, Michalis; Raj, Roshin P.; Renshaw, Richard; Reyes, Emma; Ricker, Robert; Rubio, Anna; Sammartino, Michela; Santoleri, Rosalia; Sathyendranath, Shubha; Schroeder, Katrin; She, Jun; Sparnocchia, Stefania; Staneva, Joanna; Stoffelen, Ad; Szekely, Tanguy; Tilstone, Gavin H.; Tinker, Jonathan; Tintoré, Joaquín; Tranchant, Benoît; Uiboupin, Rivo; Van Der Zande, Dimitry; Wood, Richard; Woge Nielsen, Jacob; Zabala, Mikel; Zacharioudaki, Anna; Zuberer, Frédéric; Zuo, Hao.
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Ano: 2019 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00515/62637/67004.pdf
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On the evolution of the oceanic component of the IPSL climate models from CMIP3 to CMIP5: A mean state comparison ArchiMer
Mignot, J.; Swingedouw, D.; Deshayes, Julie; Marti, O.; Talandier, Claude; Seferian, R.; Lengaigne, M.; Madec,.
This study analyses the impact on the oceanic mean state of the evolution of the oceanic component (NEMO) of the climate model developed at Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL-CM), from the version IPSL-CM4, used for third phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3), to IPSL-CM5A, used for CMIP5. Several modifications have been implemented between these two versions, in particular an interactive coupling with a biogeochemical module, a 3-band model for the penetration of the solar radiation, partial steps at the bottom of the ocean and a set of physical parameterisations to improve the representation of the impact of turbulent and tidal mixing. A set of forced and coupled experiments is used to single out the effect of each of these...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ocean modelling; Parameterizations; Climate model; Coupled ocean biogeochemistry.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00170/28102/26612.pdf
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Meridional transport of salt in the global ocean from an eddy-resolving model ArchiMer
Treguier, Anne-marie; Deshayes, Julie; Le Sommer, Julien; Lique, Camille; Madec, G.; Penduff, Thierry; Molines, Jean-marc; Barnier, Bernard; Bourdalle-badie, Romain; Talandier, Claude.
The meridional transport of salt is computed in a global eddy-resolving numerical model (1/12 degrees resolution) in order to improve our understanding of the ocean salinity budget. A methodology is proposed that allows a global analysis of the salinity balance in relation to surface water fluxes, without defining a "freshwater anomaly" based on an arbitrary reference salinity. The method consists of a decomposition of the meridional transport into (i) the transport by the time-longitude-depth mean velocity, (ii) time-mean velocity recirculations and (iii) transient eddy perturbations. Water is added (rainfall and rivers) or removed (evaporation) at the ocean surface at different latitudes, which creates convergences and divergences of mass transport with...
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Ano: 2014 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00192/30319/28790.pdf
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DRAKKAR: developing high resolution ocean components for European Earth system models ArchiMer
Barnier, B.; Blaker, A.t.; Biatosch, A.; Böning, C.w.; Coward, A.; Deshayes, Julie; Hirshi, J.; Le Sommer, J.; Madec, G.; Maze, Guillaume; Molines, J.m.; New, A.; Penduff, T.; Scheinert, M.; Talandier, Claude; Treguier, Anne-marie.
DRAKKAR is a consortium of European ocean modelling teams. It was “created to take up the challenges of developing realistic global eddy-resolving/ permitting ocean/sea-ice models, and of building an ensemble of high resolution model hindcasts representing the ocean circulation from the 1960s to present” (quoting the DRAKKAR Group, 2007, in a CLIVAR Exchanges paper where the DRAKKAR strategy was presented for the first time). Now in the second decade of its existence, the DRAKKAR Group is active and thriving, and it is now timely to present recent developments and future plans in this special issue of CLIVAR Exchanges.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2014 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00326/43698/43123.pdf
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Impact of the winter North-Atlantic weather regimes on subtropical sea-surface height variability ArchiMer
Barrier, Nicolas; Treguier, Anne-marie; Cassou, Christophe; Deshayes, Julie.
Interannual variability of subtropical sea-surface-height (SSH) anomalies, estimated by satellite and tide-gauge data, is investigated in relation to wintertime daily North-Atlantic weather regimes. Sea-level anomalies can be viewed as proxies for the subtropical gyre intensity because of the intrinsic baroclinic structure of the circulation. Our results show that the strongest correlation between SSH and weather regimes is found with the so-called Atlantic-Ridge (AR) while no significant values are obtained for the other regimes, including those related to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), known as the primary actor of the Atlantic dynamics. Wintertime AR events are characterized by anticyclonic wind anomalies off Europe leading to a northward shift...
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Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00161/27248/25480.pdf
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