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Registros recuperados: 67
Primeira ... 1234 ... Última
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Valeurs caloriques de la chair de l'huître Crassostrea gigas Thumberg : estimation directe et biochimique ArchiMer
Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Heral, Maurice.
Caloric values of the ash-free dried sofkt parts of Crassostrea gigas have been characterized, according to season using a microcalorimeter and biochemical composition. This study shows the difference between the two methods. A conversation factor (8,63 kcal-gr(-1) has been determined for lipid of pacific oyster. Thix work shows that reproduction implies a loss of energy (53% to 63%) for non juvenile oysters. The increase of energetic level necessary to growth is more important for juvenile oysters and is upper than what is lost for reproduction.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Lipid; Energetic level; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Lipide; Teneur énergétique; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1980 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1980/acte-3162.pdf
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Bilan energetique d'une population naturelle de Crepidula fornicata dans le bassin de Marennes-Oleron ArchiMer
Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Heral, Maurice; Masse, H.
An energy budget has been evaluated for a natural population of Crepidula fornicata living at low water of spring tides in the oyster farming basin of Marennes-Oleron. This budget of production was estimated according to the position along the chain. The average biomass for an individual representative of the population was equivalent to 1.87 Kjoules, and the annual consumption C was 20.08 Kjoules/year. The energy budget expressed in percent of energy consummates was: C = Pg + Pr + Ps + R + F; 100 = 4.6 + 1.6 + 0.8 + 48 + 45. This budget is compared with literature data on other herbivorous gastropods and with those calculated for Crassostrea gigas in the same locality.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Bivalvia; Crepidula fornicata; Seasonal variations; Population structure; Energy budget; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; Bilan énergétique; Crepidula fornicata.
Ano: 1983 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-1181.pdf
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Approche de la capacité trophique d'un écosystème conchylicole ArchiMer
Heral, Maurice; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Prou, Jean.
After a short bibliographical study of the different approaches for determination of the trophic capacity of a bay for molluscs culture, the authors, with a global mode, show the relations between the growth performance of the oysters Crassostrea gigas in relation with the cultivated stocks. The volumes of consumed and assimilated food are calculated for the stocks in relation with the incoming volumes of water in the bay and the residence time for neap tide and spring tide. The authors find a decrease of growth rate in relation with the volume of consumed food. When it is above 60% and when the volume of assimilated food is above 20%, there is a large decrease of the growth of oysters.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Stock assessment; Models; Food consumption; Growth; Biomass; Stock cultivé; Biomasse; Croissance; Modèle; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Capacité trophique.
Ano: 1988 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/acte-3834.PDF
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Evolution et état du cheptel ostréicole dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron: intérêt d'une régulation ArchiMer
Heral, Maurice; Bacher, Cedric; Razet, Daniel; Prou, Jean; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
Le bassin conchylicole de Marennes-Oléron assure 40 % des 100 000 tonnes d ' huîtres commercialisées annuellement en moyenne en France (20 000 emplois, 1 milliard de chiffre d'affaire) . La modélisation des équilibres qui s'établissent entre l es stocks mis en culture , et la production annuelle , réalisée par la station IFREMER de La Tremblade , a mis en évidence les résultats suivants : Lorsque la biomasse augmente : a) La production plafonne vers 40 000 tonnes pour une biomasse de l'ordre de 80 000 tonnes avec l'huître japonaise, ce qui correspond à une biomasse équivalente de 130 000 tonnes d'huîtres portugaises. b) La durée du cycle de production d'une huître de 70 g passe de 2 ans à 4 ans. c) Les mortalités courantes passent simultanément de 20 % à...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Production; Ostréiculture; Biomasse; Modélisation; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1986 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15909/13338.pdf
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Estimation des stocks conchylicoles par télédection: résulats et perspectives ArchiMer
Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Populus, Jacques; L'Herroux, Michel; Brussieux, Marc.
This papers compares modern techniques of remote sensing (numerical) to more classical ones (photo-interpretation) for the assessment of the intertidal zone land use. The study is limited to homogeneous areas of off-bottom cultivation. The evaluation of the total area was made using both middle scale aerial photographs, with systematic sampling, and SPOT satellite data. These two methods do not allow to measure the off-bottom rearing design length. It is therefore necessary to get more precise information through high resolution data such as classical high scale photographs numerical scanners (MATRA) or C.C.D. cameras.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Télédétection; Conchyliculture; Estimation stocks.
Ano: 1985 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/acte-2959.pdf
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Evolutions quantitatives et qualitatives du seston dans une claire à huîtres : relation avec la sédimentation et la biodéposition ArchiMer
Sornin, Jean-marc; Delmas, Daniel; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
Dans un bassin aquacole fermé (claires à huîtres), l'évolution qualitative et quantitative des matières en suspension subit des variations saisonnières directement liées aux capacité de production planctonique. Ainsi, à la fin du printemps et en été, le réchauffement des eaux s'accompagne d'une augmentation de matière organique importante (jusqu'à 17 mg.1(-1). Pendant cette période, la sédimentation naturelle est supérieure à 350 g.m(-2).j(-1). La biodéposition (fèces + pseudofèces) suit l'évolution des capacités de rétention des huîtres. Dans ce type de bassin fermé, cette capacité est liée à la qualité des matières en suspension. En période estivale, les fortes teneurs en matière organique du seston (entre 5 et 17 mg.1(-1)) dispensent les mollusques...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Biodeposition; Sedimentation; Suspension; Particulate organic matter; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Biodéposition; Sédimentation; Suspension; Matière organique particulaire.
Ano: 1987 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/publication-7309.pdf
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Répartition géographique et structure de population de Crepidula fornicata Linné dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron en 1981 et 1982 ArchiMer
Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Masse, Henri.
Hundred and ten samplings were made in the bay of Marennes Oleron, during the summer 1981. They allow to localize the hight loads of Crepidula fornicata in the middle of the bay (along the mud-bank of Charret and in the courante d'Oleron°. In this two Points, we value the dry biomass at about 2,3 kg/m2 on the mud-bank of Charret and at 1,1 kg/m2 in the courante d'Oleron. The weight present on this two banks (about 550 000 m2) is approximatively 700 tons of slipper limpets. The mean growth rate is 20, 19, 17 and 12 mm respectively on the 1"-, 2n ,3rd and 4th year with a very important variability since the first year. 74,5 %of the individuals form the main chains (mean of 6 slipper limpets) attached on shells of dead slipper limpets. Some solutions of...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: France; Marennes Oleron; Geographical repartition; Crepidula fornica; Répartion géographique; Marennes Oléron; Crepidula fornicata; Crépidules.
Ano: 1982 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1982/acte-2950.pdf
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Modèle énergétique uniboite de la croissance des huîtres (Crassostrea gigas) dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron ArchiMer
Bacher, Cedric; Heral, Maurice; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Razet, Daniel.
The growth of oysters (Crassostrea gigas) is modeled in order to study the trophic capacity of the Bay of Marennes Oléron. Total seston and amount of protids, lipids, and carbohydrates converted to energy are the environmental factors taken into account. Time series of these variables are derived during 2 yr with a daily time step from a linear regression including the tidal velocity, the height of the water column, and the wind velocity. A model of the energetic budget based on assimilation and respiration terms and depending on the previous time series is run to simulate the individual growth of an oyster. The knowledge of the number of oysters, the flow of water entering the bay, and the volume of the bay allows us then to estimate that 7% of the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Croissance; Modélisation; Marennes Oleron bay; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Growth; Modelisation.
Ano: 1991 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/publication-3051.pdf
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Absence de captage de Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron en 1981 : causes et conséquences ArchiMer
Berthome, Jean-paul; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Heral, Maurice; Razet, Daniel; Garnier, Jacqueline.
The want of C. gigas spat-catching in the Marennes-oleron basin in 1981 can be due to various different reasons which are analysed here. Physico -chemical and trophic factors that can induce variations in the quality of gametogenesis, are successively in comparison with the year 1979 when reproduction was good. The biochemical evolution and a study of gonads slow a lack in maturation in 1981 even during the summer period. Late maturation of gonads bring about physiological consequences which induced mortality of cultivated oysters at the end of winter. A feeble recruit and a decrease of the cultivated stock have economic consequences which here sketched up.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Larvae; Recrutment; Spat; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Larves; Recrutement; Captage; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1982 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1982/acte-2948.PDF
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Eléments azotés de la colonne d'eau et de l'interface eau-sédiment du bassin de Marennes-Oléron : influence des cultures d'huîtres ArchiMer
Feuillet-girard, Michelle; Heral, Maurice; Sornin, Jean-marc; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Robert, Jean-michel; Mornet, Francoise; Razet, Daniel.
The respective influences of the sediment and of oyster (Crassostrea gigas) farming on the accumulation and the recycling of different forms of organic and inorganic nitrogen are described. Fluxes of dissolved inorganic and organic forms of nitrogen were studied between the water column, the water overlying the sediment and the pore waters, while for particulate forms the fluxes were studied between suspended material, the "biodeposits" (faeces and pseudofaeces of Crassostrea) and the sediment. The flux of inorganic nitrogen amounts to 10.5 106 g.m(-2). Yr(-1), while that of organic nitrogen is half this figure. The particulate flux is 15.106 g.m(-2).yr(-1). On the other hand, the phytoplanktonic nitrogen accounts for only 6% of the total particulate...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Marenne Oleron; Sediment; Pore water; Interface; Crassostrea gigas; Nitrogen; Marennes Oléron; Sédiment; Eau interstitielle; Adsorption; Interface; Crassostrea gigas; Azote.
Ano: 1988 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/publication-2878.pdf
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Influence du climat sur le recrutement et sur la production d'huîtres cultivées (Crassostrea angulata et Crassostrea gigas) dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron (France) ArchiMer
Heral, Maurice; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Prou, Jean.
Recruitment, marketed yield and cultivated biomasses of oysters Crassostrea angulata and Crassostrea gigas are compared to climatic indices for the period 1885-1984. Temperature plays a role up on the date of spawning but explains only partially the failure of recruitment, which has less influence on the marketed yield than on the total biomass Contrary to the sensitivity of wild molluscan stocks to climatic conditions, yield and biomass of these cultivated stocks are not hightly correlated to the annual and seasonal indices of rainfall and air temperature.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron Bay; Climatic conditions; Recrutment; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Oysters; Marennes Oléron; Facteurs climatiques; Recrutement; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Huîtres.
Ano: 1986 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/acte-2972.pdf
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Oxygen fluxes involving the benthic micro- and macrophytic components in the Thau Lagoon under pre-anoxic conditions ArchiMer
Plante Cuny, Marie-reine; Plante, Raphaël; Mazouni, Nabila; Fontaine, Marie-france; Souchu, Philippe; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Grenz, Christian.
Measurements of oxygen fluxes at the water-sediment interface (transparent and opaque enclosures) were made on bare sediments inhabited by microphytes on the one hand, and on sediments diversely colonized by macrophytes (macroalgae and seagrasses) on the other hand. Five stations, typical of different biotopes of a Mediterranean shallow lagoon were studied from May to July 1993 in order to observe an anoxic event which usually occurs at that time of the year. Average diurnal respiration of benthic communities ranged from 40 mg (or 1.25 mmol) O-2 m(-2) h(-1) in bare sediments (31 % of the lagoon area) to 76 mg (or 2.37 mmol) O-2 m(-2) h(-1) in sediments with a medium coverage of macroalgae (37 % of the total area) and, finally, to 100 mg (or 3.12 mmol) O-2...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Thau France; Mediterranean coastal lagoon; Micro macrophytobenthos; Oxygen fluxes; Thau (France); Lagune côtière méditerranéenne; Micro macrophytobenthos; Flux d'oxygène.
Ano: 1998 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/publication-839.pdf
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Relations milieu-ressources : impact de la conchyliculture sur un environnement lagunaire méditerranéen (Thau) ArchiMer
Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Souchu, Philippe; Mazouni, N; Juge, Claude; Dagault, Francoise.
Shellfish farming leaves its mark on the environment in which it has developed, and the men who depend upon it. These changes have altogether balanced the lagoon cycle and have caused disastrous episodic events. Increased water c1arity caused by the uptake of particulate material by shellfish farming allows seagrass to grow in deeper areas of the lagoon (down to five metres). Shellfish farming nutrient transformations increase ecosystem productivity, even if the filtration pressure keeps phytoplankton biomass at a low leveI. Storage of phosphorus and nitrogen in animal tissue limits eutrophication in this ecosystem. Transfer of oysters from growout facilities increases animal and vegetal specific diversity. The presence of large amounts of shellfish allows...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Lagune; Conchyliculture; Biogéochimie; Benthos; Eutrophie; Lagoon; Shellfish farming; Biogeochemistry; Benthos; Eutrophication.
Ano: 1998 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00039/15032/12365.pdf
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Assessment of energetic requirements of reared molluscs and of their main competitors ArchiMer
Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
In the context of aquaculture in open sea• the amount: and qua11ty of food is variable according to the season and the physical flux in the ecosystem (carrying capacity ecosystems ). Thus to predict the potential al production of a cultivated ecosystem, it is mandatory 'co know ~he seasona1 changes in organisms energy balance of cultivated organisms. These changes result from the environmental variability either in the temperature or more significantly in the nutrients supply (Bayne and Newell, 1983). The techniques of physiological energetics allow to understand the adaptations of the energy balance in bivalve molluscs and to calculate the complete energy budget all over the seasonal variations of the field. Such studies are few, they include...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crepidula fornicata; Perna perna; Mytilus chilensis; Mytilus edulis; Mercenaria mercenaria; Crassostrea gigas; Scrobicularia plana; Physilogy; Energy balance; Carrying capacity ecosystems.
Ano: 1985 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/acte-2960.pdf
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Intérêt du préélevage de l'huître Crassostrea gigas en claire ArchiMer
Zanette, Yvan; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
Since the disappearance of Crassostrea angulata LMK during the epizootics of 1970-72, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg has been cultivated in the Marennes-Oléron basin. The latter, which could reach its commercial size at 18 months (His, 1978), no longer reaches it until 36 months. The harvesting of these oysters as well as their pre-fattening is currently done mainly in the estuaries of the Charente and the Seudre. The growth of C. gigas could be improved by separating the oysters from collectors sooner than usually done and fattening them sooner.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Claires ostréicoles; Elevage; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1983 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/publication-2954.pdf
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Alimentation et digestion chez les bivalves ArchiMer
Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
Contrairement aux U.S.A., où ils ne représentent que 4,6% de la production marine totale (Chew & Donaldeson, 1985), les productions de mollusques principalement bivalves ne peuvent plus être considérées comme marginales. En France, 100 000 tonnes d'huîtres dont 98% de Crassostrea gigas (Héral & al. 1985) et 85 000 tonnes de moules (Mytilus edulis, Mytilus galloprovinciallis) (Dardignac, 1985) sont produites annuellement. Par ailleurs, de nouveaux élevages se développent, tel ceux des Pectinicidae et de Ruditapes philippinarum sur les côtes atlantiques et méditerranéennes...  
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Ano: 1987 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00392/50356/51057.pdf
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Crepidula fornicata L. (Gastéropode, Calyptraeidae) dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron : composition et valeur énergétique des individus et des pontes ArchiMer
Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Heral, Maurice.
In the bay of Marennes-Oléron, the shell represents 60% and the dry flesh from 3 to 8.5% of the total weight of Crepidula fornicata. Seasonal changes in the biochemical composition of the dry flesh show two periods of spawning for the females and a single period of reproduction for the males, and that the main component of the energy reserve is glycogen. The mean energy value of Crepidula fornicata varies between 15.1 and 19.3 joules/mg of ash-free dry weight of flesh (average 17.7) and this value is higher in the males than the females, during aIl the periods of reproduction. The females lay, as early as their third year, about 56 egg capsules at each spawning, containing a total of Il 725 eggs with an energy value of 22.4 joules/mg ash free dry weight.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crepidula Jornicata; Composition biochimique; Valeur énergétique; Marennes-Oléron; Crepidula Jornicata; Biochemical composition; Energy value; Marennes-Oléron.
Ano: 1986 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/publication-2964.pdf
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Modelling seasonal dynamics of biomasses and nitrogen contents in a seagrass meadow (Zostera noltii Hornem.): application to the Thau lagoon (French Mediterranean coast) ArchiMer
Plus, Martin; Chapelle, Annie; Menesguen, Alain; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Auby, Isabelle.
A numerical deterministic model for a seagrass ecosystem (Zostera noltii meadows) has been developed for the Thau lagoon. It involves both above- and belowground seagrass biomasses, nitrogen quotas and epiphytes. Driving variables are light intensity, wind speed, rain data and water temperature. This seagrass model has been coupled to another biological model in order to simulate the relative contributions of each primary producer to: (i) the total ecosystem production, (ii) the impact on inorganic nitrogen and (iii) the fluxes towards the detritus compartment. As a first step in the modelling of seagrass beds in the Thau lagoon, the model has a vertical structure based on four boxes (a water box on top of, three sediment boxes) and the horizontal...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Thau lagoon; Nitrogen cycle; Oxygen cycle; Box model; Seagrass ecosystem.
Ano: 2003 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-461.pdf
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Programme de réimplantation d’herbiers de phanérogames (Zostera noltii/ Ruppia cirrhosa) dans les lagunes de Bages, Ingril et Thau (Languedoc-Roussillon – France). ArchiMer
Hebert, M.; Dupre, Nicolas; Barral, M.; Messiaen, Gregory; Oheix, Jocelyne; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle; Laugier, Thierry.
OBJECTIF DU PROGRAMME - L’objectif de ce projet sur la réimplantation d’herbiers de phanérogames est d’étudier la faisabilité technique et la définition des conditions optimales de réimplantation des herbiers, à petite échelle dans un premier temps (14 m2par site). Les conclusions de cette étude permettront d’étudier la pertinence de poursuivre sur une seconde phase à plus grande échelle. Trois lagunes, caractérisées par un niveau d’eutrophisation compatible avec la réimplantation d’herbiers, ont été sélectionnées pour le projet : l’étang d’Ingril, l’étang de Thau et l’étang de Bages-Sigean .
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Ano: 2012 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00089/20062/17703.pdf
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Croissance et qualité de l'huître Crassostrea gigas Thunberg en élevage dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron ArchiMer
Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
In 1979-1980, the main growth o oysters Crassostrea gigas, in the basin of Marennes-Oleron occured in June and July. The available amount of food and the energetic requirements for the reproduction are important factors determining growth. Tissue weight decreased after spawning until the end of the winter, and this decrease might be related to the high quantities of inorganic particles, in the seston, at that period of the year.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron; Seston; Growth; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Marennes Oléron; Seston minéral; Croissance; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1982 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1982/publication-2947.pdf
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