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| Registros recuperados: 12 | |
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| Hazell, Peter B.R.; Poulton, Colin; Wiggins, Steve; Dorward, Andrew. |
| The people operating small farms in developing countries have to cope with the risks of these small businesses and have long faced heavy challenges. Today, these challenges are particularly severe, and the aspirations of young people on small farms have changed. Globalization and the integration of international markets are stimulating intense competition, offering some opportunities but also new risks. In light of these pressures and others, many of the world’s millions of small farmers are simply not making it. Indeed, half of the world’s undernourished people, three-quarters of Africa’s malnourished children, and the majority of people living in absolute poverty live on small farms. The transformation of the small-farm economy is one of the biggest... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42254 |
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| Poulton, Colin; Dorward, Andrew; Jowett, A.; Peacock, C.; Urey, Ian. |
| In the past couple of years, there has been resurgence in interest in smallholder agriculture as a potential driver for growth and poverty reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, there remains considerable skepticism as to whether public investment in smallholder agriculture will lead to the desired growth and poverty reduction, given a general pessimism about "absorptive capacity" for (public) investment in Africa, the perception of failure of past agricultural investment and the observation that current conditions are unconducive to agricultural growth in Africa. This paper combines experiences of two UK-based NGOs dedicated to promoting smallholder agriculture and strengthening rural livelihoods in Africa with insights from academic literature on... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Development. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9516 |
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| Dorward, Andrew; Kydd, Jonathan; Poulton, Colin. |
| This paper argues that the disappointing outcomes of adjustment policies in poor rural economies, principally in sub-Saharan Africa, can be partly attributed to weaknesses in the neo-classical theory which underlies these polices and from associated failures to recognise structural changes (or transitions) in growing agricultural economies. After a brief description of agricultural policy changes in sub Saharan Africa, the mixed achievements of market liberalisation policies are explained using new institutional economic arguments regarding inherent difficulties in economic coordination in poor economies, difficulties which markets themselves cannot overcome. A novel framework is put forward for understanding coordination failure and integrating it with... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Development; Coordination; Markets; Institutions; Marketing; O12; O17; Q12. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9535 |
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| Dorward, Andrew; Fan, Shenggen; Kydd, Jonathan; Lofgren, Hans; Morrison, Jamie; Poulton, Colin; Rao, Neetha; Smith, Laurence; Tchale, Hardwick; Thorat, Sukhadeo; Urey, Ian; Wobst, Peter. |
| This paper draws together findings from different elements of a research project examining critical components of pro-poor agricultural growth and of policies that can promote such growth in poor rural economies in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Agricultural growth, a critical driver in poverty reducing growth in many poor agrarian economies in the past, faces many difficulties in today’s poor rural areas in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Some of these difficulties are endogenous to these areas while others result from broader processes of global change. Active state interventions in ‘kick starting’ markets in 20th century green revolutions suggest that another major difficulty may be current policies which emphasize the benefits of liberalization... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural growth; Rural poverty; Sub-Saharan Africa; Green Revolution; India; International Development. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60170 |
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| Dorward, Andrew; Kydd, Jonathan; Morrison, Jamie; Urey, Ian. |
| Economic growth has been low and the incidence and numbers of poor people remain very high in some parts of the world, notably in sub Saharan Africa and some parts of South Asia. Projections for poverty reduction suggest that these regions are likely to continue to hold very large numbers of very poor rural people in the foreseeable future. Theoretical arguments and empirical evidence suggest that in poor agrarian economies both the processes of structural change within national economies and micro-economic relations within rural economies give agriculture (and particularly intensive cereal based growth) a pre-eminent and unique role in economic development and in poverty reduction. However, reliance on pro-poor agricultural growth as the main weapon... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10923 |
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| Dorward, Andrew; Anderson, Simon; Clark, Susanne; Keane, Bernadette; Moguel, Julieta. |
| Building upon the current emphasis on the importance of assets in increasing the productivity and reducing the vulnerability of poor peoples' livelihoods, a conceptual framework is developed that relates the functions and attributes of poor peoples' assets to their livelihood status and strategies. The framework promotes more integrated consideration of different assets held by the poor, and hence facilitates analysis for policy, capacity building and technological interventions to expand livelihood opportunities for the poor. The application of the conceptual framework is illustrated with preliminary analysis of small livestock keeping by campesinos in south east Mexico. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10918 |
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| Kydd, Jonathan; Dorward, Andrew; Morrison, Jamie; Cadisch, Georg. |
| There is widespread concern at continuing, and indeed deepening, poverty in sub-Saharan Africa, and the lack of processes of rapid and broad based economic growth to combat this. There is also debate about the role agriculture in driving pro-poor economic growth with some arguing that it has a critical role in this while others see it is as largely irrelevant. This paper examines these arguments. We summarise and critique what we term the Washington Consensus on Agriculture (a consensus that appears to be eroding) and alternative positions opposing investment in agriculture. We suggest that both sets of arguments pay insufficient attention to important institutional issues in development, and, having taken these into account, we conclude that agriculture... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10920 |
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| Dorward, Andrew; Kydd, Jonathan. |
| Agricultural adjustment policies in sub Saharan Africa have not delivered substantial increases in agricultural growth. We examine alternative explanations for this and argue that transitions and thresholds in agricultural growth processes are not sufficiently recognised and understood in dominant policy discourses. This is a particular problem with market failures for goods and services with private good characteristics and we need a greater emphasis on and understanding of the causes and nature of coordination failures which lead to these market failures. This paper examines core features of poor rural areas, the nature of coordination problems faced by different potential economic actors, the impacts of these problems on markets and economic... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15749 |
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| Dorward, Andrew; Poulton, Colin; Kydd, Jonathan. |
| A wide range of institutional models and financial products are currently serving, or attempting to serve, the poor's demands for savings and loan services. However, very few of these operate in lower density rural areas or in areas where there has not already been some agriculturally based growth in the rural economy, and virtually none are (a) operating in the conditions faced by the majority of poor farmers in sub Saharan Africa and (b) offering financial products that adequately address farmers' needs for seasonal finance for food crop production. This is partly due to the high costs and risks in the supply of such services, but may also reflect high risks and relatively low returns for borrowers investing in agriculture. However, loan products are... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10924 |
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| Dorward, Andrew; Kydd, Jonathan; Poulton, Colin. |
| Trade policy liberalisation requires institutional change, in the sense of a change in the rules of the game. The question is whether these changes produce "superior institutions" judged in terms of a reduction of transactions costs; improved coordination; stronger strategic commitment to investing in needed specific assets; and allocative efficiency. In conventional approaches to the analysis of liberalisation, changed institutional arrangements are studied, but they tend to be considered in the category of "practical details": important but not especially intellectually interesting. In contrast, this paper argues for a parallel approach to the study of the effects of liberalisation on the rural poor, in which institutional matters are central. A broad... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10921 |
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| Registros recuperados: 12 | |
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