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Registros recuperados: 33
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Legal Status and U.S. Farm Wages AgEcon
Iwai, Nobuyuki; Emerson, Robert D.; Walters, Lurleen M..
Using National Agricultural Workers Survey data, we estimate U.S. farm worker wage differentials by legal status. In order to adequately correct sample selection bias, we develop a Heckman-type two-stage method with an ordered probit model in the first stage and a wage equation model in the second stage.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Farm Management.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35335
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U.S.-Canadian Tomato Wars: An Economist Tries to Make Sense Out of Recent Antidumping Suits AgEcon
VanSickle, John J.; Evans, Edward A.; Emerson, Robert D..
U.S. growers filed an antidumping case against Canadian growers of greenhouse-grown tomatoes, alleging that U.S. growers were being injured, or threatened with material injury, by imports from Canada. The U.S. Department of Commerce determined that imports of greenhouse-grown tomatoes were being sold in U.S. markets at less than fair market value. The U.S. International Trade Commission determined the “like product” to be all fresh market tomatoes, concluding the domestic industry was not materially injured. Anecdotal evidence used by the Commission Department in determining like product ignores the wealth of knowledge that economics can add. An economic model is proposed for purposes of determining like product.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Antidumping; Law; Tomatoes; Trade; U.S.-Canada; F13; F17; K33; Q17.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37962
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The U.S. Farm Labor Market Post-IRCA: An Assessment of Employment Patterns, Farm Worker Earnings and Legal Status AgEcon
Walters, Lurleen M.; Napasintuwong, Orachos; Iwai, Nobuyuki; Emerson, Robert D..
Immigration reform may significantly impact the specialty crops sector since more than half of the workforce is foreign-born and undocumented. Based on data from the National Agricultural Workers Survey, the trends pertaining to workers' legal status, employment and wage rates in the U.S. and Florida farm labor markets are examined.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Immigration reform; Legal status; Specialty crops; Employment; Wage rates.; Labor and Human Capital; J430.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35449
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Farm Employment Transitions: A Markov Chain Analysis with Self-Selectivity AgEcon
Iwai, Nobuyuki; Emerson, Robert D.; Walters, Lurleen M..
A stationary, first-order Markov chain model with selection bias correction for legal status is estimated by maxixmum likelihood methods using the National Agricultural Worker Survey data for 1989-2004 to evaluate the likelihood of workers staying in U.S. agriculture by legal status. Although the conditional steady state probability in US agriculture is highest for uanauthorized workers, there is little difference between legal statuses. Simulations of the estimated model indicate that a legal status change for unauthorized workers would result in only small changes in the steady state probability of being in US agriculture, particularly after 2001.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21353
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THE MARKET FOR CITRUS HARVESTING LABOR AgEcon
Emerson, Robert D.; Walker, Thomas S.; Andrew, Christopher O..
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1976 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29931
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Immigration Reform, Job Selection And Wages In The U.S. Farm Labor Market AgEcon
Walters, Lurleen M.; Emerson, Robert D.; Iwai, Nobuyuki.
Immigration issues regained national prominence after the events of September 2001. Much of the specialty crop sector workforce is foreign-born and unauthorized, implying that there may be significant challenges ahead if stringent immigration legislation is passed. This paper assesses the potential impact of legal status on job selection and wages.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21342
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Institutional and Socioeconomic Model of Farm Mechanization and Foreign Workers AgEcon
Napasintuwong, Orachos; Emerson, Robert D..
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15663
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FARM MECHANIZATION AND THE FARM LABOR MARKET: A SOCIOECONOMIC MODEL OF INDUCED INNOVATION AgEcon
Napasintuwong, Orachos; Emerson, Robert D..
A cost function approach of induced innovation is used to measure the biases in U.S. agricultural technology between 1969-1999. The rate of technological change is explained by socioeconomic variables. The post-IRCA results show that an increasingly illegal workforce significantly induces contract labor using technology, and significantly induces capital saving technology.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35117
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Harvest Cost and Value of Citrus Operations with Alternative Technology: Real Options Approach AgEcon
Iwai, Nobuyuki; Emerson, Robert D.; Roka, Fritz M..
The prospect of immigration policy reform has renewed growers’ concerns of serious labor shortages and cost increases. These concerns are more serious for specialty crop agriculture, not only because it is highly labor intensive, but also it requires labor in a very short period, particularly at harvest time. Two representative approaches of the investment valuation have been applied to the case of harvesting mechanization for the model citrus grower in Florida. Specifically, we applied the NPV approach and the real options approach (ROA) to processed-market Hamlin orange operations in Southwest Florida.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Real options; NPV; Mechanization; Immigration policy; Harvest cost; Citrus operations; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital; Risk and Uncertainty; Q14 – Agricultural Finance; J43 – Agricultural Labor Markets.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49942
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Consumer Boycotts and Farm Labor Welfare: A Multi-Level Market Analysis AgEcon
Palacios, Jamille; Emerson, Robert D.; VanSickle, John J..
The paper addresses the economics of recent boycott strategies and impacts of the agreements on labor and industry. A multi-level market model is used to address the linkage between Taco Bell, growers and labor. Analysis of the resulting segmentation of the labor market is also included.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21072
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Labor Cost and Value of Citrus Operations with Alternative Technology: Enterprise DCF Approach AgEcon
Iwai, Nobuyuki; Emerson, Robert D.; Roka, Fritz M..
The prospect of immigration policy reform has renewed growers’ concerns of serious labor shortages and cost increases given that a large portion of the workforce is unauthorized for U.S. employment. This concern of labor shortages and cost increases is more serious for specialty crop agriculture which is highly labor intensive. Specialty crop growers may address the problem in various ways, but likely options include adoption of mechanical harvesting. In the current paper we study the citrus industry case and estimate the value for two operational modes (hand and mechanical harvesting) using the enterprise discounted cash flow (DCF) approach. Further we implement a simulation to forecast how the value for each operational mode would change with a change in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Value; Enterprise DCF approach; Labor cost; Citrus operations; Mechanization; Agricultural Finance; Labor and Human Capital; Q14; J43.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46836
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CRITICAL ISSUES IN AGRICULTURAL LABOR MARKETS AgEcon
Emerson, Robert D..
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1985 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29371
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Labor Cost and Technology Adoption: Real Options Approach for the Case of Sugarcane Mechanization in Florida AgEcon
Iwai, Nobuyuki; Emerson, Robert D.; Walters, Lurleen M..
Specialty crop farmers have expressed concern about labor shortages and cost increases which may arise with immigration reform. The large-scale mechanization of the Florida sugarcane harvest during the 1970s/80s serves as an historical example of how technologies evolved due to changes in local labor market conditions.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Labor and Human Capital; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6758
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Institutional and Socioeconomic Model of Farm Mechanization and Foreign Workers AgEcon
Napasintuwong, Orachos; Emerson, Robert D..
A multi-output cost function approach to induced innovation is adopted to analyze the impact of socioeconomic variables and institutional factors on technological change in agriculture. Focusing on the impact of immigration policy and farm mechanization, the study includes variables such as H-2A or guest workers, deportable Mexicans working in agriculture representing the percentage of unauthorized workers, the public and private research expenditures on farm mechanization and other research on agricultural technology. We found that over the 1971-1995 period, the technology was biased toward labor-saving technology, but was capital-neutral. The number of unauthorized workers had no significant effect on cost shares; the number of H-2A workers had a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19244
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Agricultural Labor Markets and Immigration AgEcon
Emerson, Robert D..
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital; J43; J61; J68.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94471
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ENTREPRENEURSHIP, SANCTIONS, AND LABOR CONTRACTING AgEcon
Polopolus, Leo C.; Emerson, Robert D..
Entrepreneurs innovate their individual business organizations not only to deal with production and price risks, but also to cope with the risk of sanctions or penalties imposed by society's laws and regulations. More specifically, labor-intensive agricultural firms, faced with potentially large fines for violation of immigration and labor laws, increasingly modify the organization of their firms by shifting the management of routine seasonal labor jobs to independent farm labor contractors. The use of labor contracting is further intensified because of the effectiveness of labor contractors in the recruitment of illegal aliens.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agribusiness.
Ano: 1991 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30283
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INDUCED INNOVATIONS AND FOREIGN WORKERS IN U.S. AGRICULTURE AgEcon
Napasintuwong, Orachos; Emerson, Robert D..
A cost function approach of induced innovation is used to measure the biases in U.S. agricultural technology between 1948-1994. The results show significant labor-saving, capital-using technical change. Focusing on the impact of migration policy on labor-saving technology, a simulation of different rates of labor-saving technical change is conducted. The simulation shows decreases in elasticity of labor demand and demand quantity, and an increase in wage rate as technology becomes more labor-saving.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19738
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Induced Innovations and Foreign Workers in U.S. Agriculture AgEcon
Napasintuwong, Orachos; Emerson, Robert D..
A cost function approach of induced innovation is used to measure the biases in U.S. agricultural technology between 1948-1994. The results show significant labor-saving, capital-using technical change. Focusing on the impact of migration policy on labor-saving technology, a simulaton of different rates of labor-saving technical change is conducted. The simulation shows decreases in elasticity of labor demand and demand quantity, and an increase in wage rate as technology becomes more labor-saving.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Induced innovation; Biased technical change; Foreign labor; Labor and Human Capital; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q160; J430; O300.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15641
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Farm Mechanization and the Farm Labor Market: A Socioeconomic Model of Induced Innovation AgEcon
Napasintuwong, Orachos; Emerson, Robert D..
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15652
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PROPOSED IMMIGRATION POLICY REFORM & FARM LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES AgEcon
Walters, Lurleen M.; Emerson, Robert D.; Iwai, Nobuyuki.
The issue of legalization for unauthorized farm workers is examined in this paper. The analytical framework uses a treatment effects approach which casts legalization as a treatment under the assumption of heterogeneity. The results show an overall positive impact of legalization on farm worker wage outcomes and with the expected positive sorting on the gains from legal status.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6285
Registros recuperados: 33
Primeira ... 12 ... Última
 

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