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| Etienne Joly. |
| To obtain an optimised form of BFP for use as a reporter gene in mammalian cells, the brightest available GFP form, EGFP, was mutated at 5 different positions, yielding 8 different mutagenised forms of BFP. The intensity of the fluorescent signals attained in mammalian cells with all these various versions of BFP was analysed by flow cytometry of transiently transfected COS 7 cells. The best mutant obtained can be detected readily both by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy, even when expressed together with GFP. To explore whether cellular localization could enhance the fluorescence signals any further, plasmid constructs were made to target optimised versions of GFP and BFP to the nucleus, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the cell surface.... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1259/version/1 |
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| Etienne Joly. |
| Whilst the principle of adaptive evolution is unanimously recognised as being caused by the process of natural selection favouring the survival and/or reproduction of individuals having acquired new advantageous traits, a consensus has proven much harder to find regarding the actual origin of species. Indeed, since speciation corresponds to the establishment of reproductive barriers, it is difficult to see how it could bring a selective advantage because it amounts to a restriction in the opportunities to breed with as many and/or as diverse partners as possible. In this regard, Darwin himself did not believe that reproductive barriers could be selected for, and today most evolutionary biologists still believe that speciation can only occur through a... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5003/version/1 |
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| Etienne Joly. |
| Background: Speciation corresponds to the progressive establishment of reproductive barriers between groups of individuals derived from an ancestral stock. Since Darwin did not believe that reproductive barriers could be selected for, he proposed that most events of speciation would occur through a process of separation and divergence, and this point of view is still shared by most evolutionary biologists today. 

Results: I do, however, contend that, if so much speciation occurs, it must result from a process of natural selection, whereby it is advantageous for individuals to reproduce preferentially within a group and reduce their breeding with the rest of the population, leading to a model whereby new species arise not... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Genetics & Genomics; Earth & Environment; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5003/version/4 |
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| Etienne Joly. |
| Whilst the principle of adaptive evolution is unanimously recognised as being caused by the process of natural selection favouring the survival and/or reproduction of individuals having acquired new advantageous traits, a consensus has proven much harder to find regarding the actual origin of species. Indeed, since speciation corresponds to the establishment of reproductive barriers, it is difficult to see how it could bring a selective advantage because it amounts to a restriction in the opportunities to breed with as many and/or as diverse partners as possible. In this regard, Darwin himself did not believe that reproductive barriers could be selected for, and today most evolutionary biologists still believe that speciation can only occur through a... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5003/version/3 |
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| Etienne Joly. |
| Whilst the principle of adaptive evolution is unanimously recognised as being caused by the process of natural selection favouring the survival and/or reproduction of individuals having acquired new advantageous traits, a consensus has proven much harder to find regarding the actual origin of species. Indeed, since speciation corresponds to the establishment of reproductive barriers, it is difficult to see how it could bring a selective advantage because it amounts to a restriction in the opportunities to breed with as many and/or as diverse partners as possible. In this regard, Darwin himself did not believe that reproductive barriers could be selected for, and today most evolutionary biologists still believe that speciation can only occur through a... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5003/version/2 |
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