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In vitro evaluation of transdermal nicotine delivery systems commercially available in Brazil BJPS
Ruela,André Luís Morais; Figueiredo,Eduardo Costa; Perissinato,Aline Gravinez; Lima,Ana Carolina Zogbi; Araújo,Magali Benjamim; Pereira,Gislaine Ribeiro.
The aim of this study was to develop and validate a method for evaluating the release and skin permeation from transdermal nicotine patches using the vertical diffusion cell (VDC). The VDC is an experimental apparatus employed in research, development, and the pharmaceutical field because it can simulate conditions closest to those established in clinical trials. Two transdermal nicotine delivery systems marketed in Brazil to release 14 mg over 24 hours were evaluated. Release studies were carried out using a regenerated cellulose dialysis membrane and permeation studies were carried out using excised porcine ear skin. The results indicated that nicotine release from both evaluated patches follows Higuchi's release kinetics, while skin permeation studies...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Nicotine/release and skin permeation; Transdermal delivery patches/evaluation; Vertical diffusion cell; Skin permeation; Transdermal formulations/nicotine delivery systems.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502013000300020
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Study of the correlation between blood cholinesterases activity, urinary dialkyl phosphates, and the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in rats exposed to disulfoton BJPS
Santos,Mariane Gonçalves; Vitor,Ricardo Vilela; Nakamura,Maurício Gustavo; Morelini,Luana de Souza; Ferreira,Rafaela Scalco; Paiva,Alexandre Giusti; Azevedo,Luciana; Marques,Vanessa Bergamin Boralli; Martins,Isarita; Figueiredo,Eduardo Costa.
Organophosphates (OPs) are widely used as pesticides, and its urinary metabolites as well as the blood cholinesterases (ChEs) activity have been reported as possible biomarkers for the assessment of this pesticide exposure. Moreover, the OPs can induce mutagenesis, and the bone marrow micronucleus test is an efficient way to assess this chromosomal damage. This paper reports a study carried out to verify the correlation among the disulfoton exposure, blood ChEs activity, urinary diethyl thiophosphate (DETP), and diethyl dithiophosphate (DEDTP), as well as micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) frequency. Four groups of rats (n=12) were exposed to disulfoton at 0, 2.8, 4.7, and 6.6 mg kg-1 body weight. The blood ChEs activity, urinary DETP and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Pesticides/exposure study; Organophosphate/exposure study; Disulfoton/exposure; Dialkyl phosphate/urinary excretion; Blood cholinesterase; Micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes/frequency.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502013000100016
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