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| Registros recuperados: 30 | |
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| Arnade, Carlos Anthony; Gopinath, Munisamy. |
| Significant differences exist in the rates of capital adjustment in the four major sectors of the U.S. economy: agriculture, food, manufacturing, and services. A multioutput adjustment cost model is specified to compute the rates of capital adjustment. This specification allows us to derive dynamic output supply and investment demand functions for the four sectors, which are then fitted to time-series data. Our estimates show that capital in agriculture and manufacturing is almost fixed and adjusts toward respective long-run equilibrium at a rate of about 2% per year. The food processing and services sectors are more flexible in that their capital stocks fully adjust in less than five years. Thus, the rate of adjustment of agricultural capital is lower... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31167 |
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| Kim, Hanho; Gopinath, Munisamy. |
| This paper investigates the effect of trade cost changes on the spatial productivity distribution in Korea. Data on gross value added and primary factors for 163 spatial units during 2000-2005 are assembled to estimate local TFP using a value-added function. In our application, we control for agglomeration economies so as to identify factors shifting the regional raw-productivity distribution over time. The TFP estimation results show that the Korean regional economy exhibits constant returns to scale, along with significant localization economies. We find that and trade costs reduction and infrastructure improvement significantly shift to the right all percentile values of the regional productivity distribution, while amenity does not affect the movement... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agglomeration economies; Spatial productivity distribution; Trade cost; Community/Rural/Urban Development; F1; R3. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94896 |
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| Gopinath, Munisamy; Kim, Hanho; Kim, Sooil. |
| In this article, we analyze the export decision of Korean manufacturing firms with emphasis on those in the food processing sector. A dynamic discrete choice model based on sunk (entry or exit) costs is specified for export behavior. Data for 1996-2002 on 1022 Korean firms, of which 95 are in the food processing sector, are assembled. A nonparametric measure of firm productivity is derived for use in the export-behavior (probit) model. Results show the significant effects of sunk costs on the export decision of Korean firms. A firm-size effect on export behavior is identified for food processing firms, unlike in the case of their manufacturing counterparts. We also find a firm-size effect on productivity in all manufacturing firms. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21271 |
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| Gopinath, Munisamy; Carver, Jason. |
| Processed food products account for a growing share of global agricultural trade. Growth in total factor productivity and intersectoral linkages between agricultural and processed foodsectors are hypothesized as factors explaining this phenomenon. Estimating the neoclassical trade model using an internationally comparable database, we find evidence of (a) Hechsher-Ohlin (factor endowments) and Ricardian-type (technology) effects in agricultural and processed food trade, and (b) transfer of comparative advantage from the primary agricultural sector to the processed food sector. Thus, public policies protecting primary agriculture can adversely affect processed food sectors, while those supporting R&D efforts can bring about dynamic and comparative... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31130 |
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| Min, He; Gopinath, Munisamy; Buccola, Steven T.; McEvoy, Peter B.. |
| Many non-native insect, disease, and weed pests of food, fiber, and nursery crops pose threats to the U.S. environment, agricultural production, and exports. In this study we focus on regulations controlling the spread of noxious weeds, especially the regulatory differences among US states and investigate the determinants of such regulations. With a simple game-theoretic framework, we derive cross-state regulatory congruence as a function of ecological and agronomic characteristics and stakeholder lobbying through political contributions. Empirical results suggest ecological and agronomic dissimilarities drive large cross-state differences in noxious weed regulation across states. However, evidence of stakeholder interests in shaping these regulations is... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21212 |
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| Ruan, Jun; Gopinath, Munisamy. |
| The emerging literature on firm heterogeneity suggests that trade liberalization raises industry average productivity by forcing its least productive firms to exit. Consequently, resources and market shares are reallocated toward the industry¡¯s more productive firms. We extend firm-heterogeneity models of international trade to a cross-country setting to investigate the effects of trade liberalization on global productivity distribution, and resource and market share reallocation in processed food industries. We approximate the global productivity distribution using a kernel density estimator in 5 processed food industries for every period during 1993-2000. We find that the global productivity distribution shifts to the right with liberalized... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9807 |
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| Roe, Terry L.; Gopinath, Munisamy. |
| While economic growth has lifted more people from poverty than in any prior period, world market shocks of the 1970s and 1980s have caused a massive realignment in country policies, and future growth in population and income are expected to place heavy burdens on world resources. Recently, it has been suggested that a food crisis may be forthcoming as food production per capita has stagnated, risking a reversal of the long-term decline in the real price of food. This paper focuses on food security in this context, and concludes that a rise in the real price of food is likely, but not of a magnitude to create a food crisis. Nevertheless, those already in poverty may be placed at additional risk of nutritional deprivation. Policies for alleviating this... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14425 |
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| Kim, Hanho; Gopinath, Munisamy; Kim, Jae-Kyung. |
| Korea, a large net-food importing country, is rapidly opening its doors to agricultural trade. In this study, we investigate the nature and extent of competition between two major exporters, China and the United States, to the Korean food market. We first employ the un-centered correlation distance approach to investigate the similarities in the export structures of major exporters to the Korean market. Results show that the United States, traditionally a large food exporter to Korea, is facing serious competition from Chinese exports. The similar export structures of China and America have made the latter vulnerable to competition. Furthermore, the geographic proximity of China to Korean markets confers the former two-fold advantages: similar food... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9875 |
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| Ruan, Jun; Gopinath, Munisamy; Buccola, Steven T.. |
| In this paper we investigate the welfare effects of technological convergence in the food industries. We extend Krugman's (1980) monopolistic competition model to allow for technological differences between two (groups of) countries. Technological convergence is reflected in a narrowing inter-country gap between fixed or marginal production cost, and the effects of convergence on output composition, factor rewards, trade pattern, and consumer welfare are derived. The theoretical predictions are examined and confirmed using an internationally comparable dataset. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21373 |
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| Gopinath, Munisamy; Pick, Daniel H.; Vasavada, Utpal. |
| This paper investigates the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) and its relationship to trade in the U.S. food processing industry. A representative multinational corporation maximizes profits by choosing between production in the home country, which is exported, and production in a foreign country. This introduces the possibility that foreign affiliate sales can be a substitute and/or complement for exports. The empirical framework consists of a system of four equations with foreign affiliate sales, exports, affiliate employment, and FDI as endogenous variables. The results confirm a small substitution between foreign affiliate sales and exports. The empirical evidence supports the hypothesis that FDI is also protection-jumping. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51205 |
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| Registros recuperados: 30 | |
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