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| Registros recuperados: 39 | |
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| Heboyan, Vahe; Ames, Glenn C.W.; Gunter, Lewell F.; Houston, Jack E.. |
| A side agreement to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) enables Mexico to ship more duty-free sugar to the United States than under the pre-1994 restrictive country-specific, tariff-rate quota (TRQ) policy. But U.S. and Mexican negotiators disagree over the issue of exactly how much sugar Mexico can actually export to the U.S. under the NAFTA side agreement. Disagreement focuses on which version of the NAFTA side agreement governs this issue. The U.S. argues that a 1993 side letter limits Mexican sugar exports to the U.S. to 250,000 MT. In contrast, Mexico insists it is entitled to ship all of its surplus sugar, currently 600,000 MT, to U.S. Consequently, Mexico has asked for a dispute-settlement panel to resolve the question under NAFTA. Three... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16695 |
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| Gunter, Lewell F.; Smathers, Webb M., Jr.; Ingram, Michael C.; Dubman, Robert W.. |
| The Economic Emergency (EE) loan program, administered by the FmHA, was created by Congress in 1978. The primary purpose of the program was to provide credit to farmers who were unable to obtain credit from normal lenders due to economic stress. Over six billion dollars of EE loans were extended nationally during fiscal years 1978 through 1981. This paper examines the allocation of EE loans at the state level and the expansionary effect of the program on farm credit markets. Empirical evidence is provided that EE funds were allocated to states consistently with the general criteria cited in the development of the EE program and that the EE program expanded farm credit markets rather than displacing loans from other sources. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance. |
| Ano: 1985 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29973 |
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| Gunter, Lewell F.; Centner, Terence J.. |
| Since the mid 1980s, it has been recognized that significant quantities of unwanted pesticides are being retained by agricultural producers in barns and other out buildings throughout the United States. State governments have responded to the hazards posed by these pesticides by implementing programs to collect and dispose of them. This paper reviews issues related to costs and funding of pesticide collection and disposal programs. Primary and secondary information on states' approaches to and experiences with unwanted pesticide removal is presented. Differences in the theoretical impacts of various collection funding methods on reducing unwanted pesticide stocks and allocating disposal costs are discussed. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21024 |
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| Centner, Terence J.; Gunter, Lewell F.. |
| The disposal of accumulated agricultural pesticides is an expensive proposition due to the hazardous nature of these materials. States have inititated unwanted pesticide collection efforts based on several funding options. Through an evaluation of regulations, funding options and comparison of amounts of pesticides collected to expenditures for pesticides, our paper offers some recommendations for future state collection efforts. It may be advantageous to give greater weight to efficiency considerations for the disposal of existing unwanted pesticide stocks, while equity considerations may be emphasized for the disposal of anticipated future stocks. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16724 |
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| Gunter, Lewell F.; Smathers, Webb M., Jr.. |
| This paper is concerned with analysis of economic feasibility of solar energy systems. Methodology for estimating energy output from different sized systems is briefly presented, and this is used to determine technical coefficients for a mixed integer model which optimizes the size of the solar heating unit for a particular use. An empirical example of hot water heating on a Georgia dairy is presented. Cost curves are provided for the dairy example to illustrate the effect of sizing on the economic feasibility of solar heating and to elucidate the structure of the optimal sizing decision. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1984 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29734 |
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| Gunter, Lewell F.. |
| Regular hired farm workers, performing 150 days or more of farm work annually, became increasingly important in the 1970's. The number of regular hired workers in the United States increased by almost 50 percent during the decade, while the number of seasonal workers, operators, and unpaid family workers declined. Pricing of regular hired labor is investigated through estimation of three nested wage determination models in a case study analysis for Georgia. Micro-level data on individual workers were used to analyze the effects of general human capital, farm worker duties, local labor market conditions, and farm characteristics on wage rates. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 1986 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29777 |
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| Costa, Ecio de Farias; Houston, Jack E.; Gunter, Lewell F.; Pesti, Gene M.. |
| Increased emphasis on consumer markets in broiler profit-maximizing modeling generates results that differ from those of traditional profit-maximization models. This approach reveals that the adoption of step-pricing and consideration of marketing options (examples of responsiveness to consumers) affect the optimal feed-formulation levels and types of broiler production to generate maximum profitability. With the adoption of step-pricing, higher profits can be obtained for targeted weights only if premium prices for broiler products are contracted. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26832 |
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| Hall, R. Lee; Dorfman, Jeffrey H.; Gunter, Lewell F.. |
| Three models of spatial competition are tested on retail price data for the agricultural chemical industry. Three empirical tests find no evidence of any spatial competition using data from sixty-five retailers and twelve different chemicals. Demand and supply-side variables have statistically significant, but economically trivial impacts on retail chemical prices. These results point to a virtually complete control of retail prices by the chemical manufacturers, likely through the rebate program they offer retailers. The oligopoly structure of the chemical manufacturing industry makes such control possible. The results suggest that consolidation of retailers or distributors will not have anti-competitive effects since price competition is essentially... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural chemicals; Market power; Spatial competition; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18984 |
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| Wu, Ya; Escalante, Cesar L.; Gunter, Lewell F.. |
| This study employed data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate the comparative efficiency performance of selected commercial banks, rural financial institutions and microfinance institutions in China. The first pairwise comparison indicated that commercial banks achieved higher level of overall technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency than rural financial institutions (including RCCs) through the study period (2004-2007). Overall technical inefficiency seems to be more attributed to scale inefficiency rather than pure technical inefficiency for both commercial banks and rural financial institutions. The second pairwise comparison indicated that RCCs and CFPA are the most efficient institutions with efficiency scores of 1... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Microfinance; China; Data envelopment analysis; Technical inefficiency; Scale efficiency; Agricultural Finance. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61158 |
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| Registros recuperados: 39 | |
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