SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Hartmann, Monika; Schmitz, P. Michael.

Is there Need for more Transparency and Efficiency in Cause‐related Marketing?

Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 1994

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51221

Langen, Nina; Grebitus, Carola; Hartmann, Monika.

The popularity of ethical consumption increases. This has motivated firms to increasingly implement Cause‐related Marketing (CrM) campaigns in Germany. But research reveals that especially German consumers are sceptic with regard to the amount of money spent for the good ‘cause’ by the enterprises. This can be explained by the small share of information provided by CrM campaigns to consumers. In consequence, this can reduce consumers’ willingness to purchase CrM products. Therefore, this study analyses whether the efficiency and transparency of a CrM campaign are important for consumers. The share of money reaching the cause relative to the product price consumers’ pay is taken as a proxy for efficiency while transparency is understood as the open...

Tipo: Article

Palavras-chave: Keywords: Cause‐related Marketing; Transparent labelling; Donations efficiency; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121840

KONSEQUENZEN DER INTEGRATION IM AGRAR- UND ERNÄHRUNGSSEKTOR ZWISCHEN BEITRITTSLANDERN UND EU-15

Frohberg, Klaus; Hartmann, Monika.

The consequences of integration of the agricultural and food sectors between the Central and Eastern European candidate countries and the EU are investigated in this paper. The analysis indicates substantial structural problems in the agricultural sector of most Central European countries (CECs). In most of these countries, the transition process resulted in a highly fragmented farm structure. This impedes the efficient use of the given production factors, at least in the medium and long term. Furthermore, the competitiveness of both sectors is hampered by low investments. Additional problems in the downstream sector are the result of significant excess capacities and insufficient product and process qualities. Delays and failures in creating and...

CONVERGENCE OF FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS BETWEEN EASTERN AND WESTERN EUROPE

Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14888

Elsner, Karin; Hartmann, Monika.

This paper is a first attempt to analyze whether convergence of food consumption between Eastern and Western Europe since the beginning of transition can be detected. The study refers to the 10 EU-associated Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) and the EU-15. If convergence is a fact, changes in EU food consumption could be a useful indicator for future food consumption patterns in the CEECs. With the end of the socialist era, prices and income have become major determinants of food consumption and the total per capita calorie consumption, as well as the calorie share of animal products, have declined in most CEECs. At the same time, many products that could not be purchased in the past have become available, trade has risen significantly, and...

Industry, firm, year, and country effects on profitability: Evidence from a large sample of EU food processing firms

Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14875

Schiefer, Jan; Hartmann, Monika.

This paper analyzes the variance in accounting profitability within the European food industry. Based on a large panel data set, the variance in return on assets (ROA) is decomposed into year, country, industry, and firm effects. Further on, we include all possible interactions between year, country, and industry and discuss the theoretical foundations for these effects. After singling out the significant effect classes in a nested ANOVA with a thoroughly designed rotation regarding the order of effect introduction, we determine effect magnitude using components of variance (COV). Our results show that firm characteristics seem to be far more important than industry structure in determining the level of economic return within the food industry. Year and...

AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD TRADE IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE: THE CASE OF SLOVENIAN INTRA-INDUSTRY TRADE

Palavras-chave: Variance components; Abnormal profit; EU-27; MBV; RBV; Comparative advantage; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; Marketing.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49322

Bojnec, Stefan; Hartmann, Monika.

One of the striking features in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries is the deterioration of their agricultural and food trade balance during transition to a market economy as imports increased faster than exports or exports even declined. This paper investigates the Slovenian agricultural and food trade in more detail focusing on changes in the geographical distribution of trade and the nature of trade specialization on the basis of the Grubel-Lloyd Intra-Industry Trade index and Marginal Intra-Industry Trade Indices. The results indicate that Slovenian agricultural and food trade largely remains of the inter-industry type with specialisation of exports towards the former Yugoslav markets and imports from the European Union. The proportion of...

Effect of gender, nationality and attitudes on weight reduction strategies

Palavras-chave: Intra-industry trade; Integration; Agro-food sector; Intra-industrieller Handel; Integration; Agrar- und Ernährungssektor; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; F14; F15; P52; Q17.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92027

Grebitus, Carola; Hartmann, Monika; Reynolds, Nikolai.

Is there Need for more Transparency and Efficiency in Cause‐related Marketing

Palavras-chave: Health Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114598

Langen, Nina; Grebitus, Carola; Hartmann, Monika.

“Growing awareness among consumers about sustainability issues ‐ ranging from recycling to fair wages for workers ‐ are starting to shape consumer buying patterns” (Partos 2009). Especially for conscious consumers ethical and sustainable consumption are becoming mainstream. With regard to ethical consumption the popularity is shown for instance by a growing relevance of Causerelated Marketing (CrM) campaigns in Germany. CrM is an increasingly applied marketing tool, where product purchase leads to target‐oriented donations regarding a designated cause – promoted on the product by label. However, research reveals that German consumers are sceptic with regard to the amount of money spent and have doubts towards unselfish motives of firms. At present little...

RESTRUCTURING THE LATVIAN FOOD INDUSTRY: PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES

Palavras-chave: Cause‐related Marketing; Donations efficiency; Transparent labelling; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Marketing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100467

Jasjko, Danute; Hartmann, Monika; Kopsidis, Michael; Miglavs, Andris; Wandel, Jurgen.

The food industry is one of the most important sectors in the Latvian economy. However, due to its close links to agriculture, the structural crisis in the processing sector is the main obstacle to increasing output, productivity and profitability in the entire agricultural sector. Based on the structure-conduct-performance framework developed by the economic theory of industrial organisation, the objective of the present discussion paper is to identify those economic conditions that are giving rise to the low degree of competitiveness in Latvia's food industry. For this purpose, the paper analyses the impact of the macroeconomic environment, the change in demand and input supply conditions, and the privatisation process on the development of the food...

The Dairy Sector in the Central European Candidate (CEC) Countries – The Status of Restructuring and Future Challenges

Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Industrial Organization.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14938

AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD TRADE IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE: THE CASE OF SLOVENIAN INTRA-INDUSTRY TRADE

Hartmann, Monika.

The dairy sector in the CEC countries had to cope with tremendous adjustment pressures in the 90ies. Privatization and liberalization contributed to intense competition on the CEC countries’ dairy market. Major problems that impede the competitiveness of this sector are a considerable fragmentation of the dairy processing industry, pronounced excess capacities, high seasonality of milk production and low investment activities. The latter delays the modernization of processing technologies and thus hinders quality improvements and the adjustments of hygienic conditions as well as product and process standards to EU norms. These problems are common to all CEC countries, though to different degrees. In addition, especially in Bulgaria and Romania, but also in...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Central European candidate countries; Dairy industry; Restructuring process; Competitiveness; Agribusiness; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98906

Bojnec, Stefan; Hartmann, Monika.

IMPACT OF EC'S REBALANCING STRATEGY ON DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE CASE OF FEED

Palavras-chave: Intra-industry trade; Integration; Agro-food sector; Industrial Organization; F14; F15; P52; Q17.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14940

Hartmann, Monika; Schmitz, P. Michael.

Nutrition and health claims – call for and justification of governmental intervention from the consumers’ perspective

Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.

Ano: 1991

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14085

Hartmann, Monika; Lensch, Anne Katrin; Simons, Johannes; Thrams, Sylvia.

In December 2006 the Regulation (EC) No. 1924/2006 on the use of nutrition and health claims (NHCs) on foods was enacted in order to prevent consumer deception and to harmonise law within the EU. Against this background, this paper analyses the potential costs and benefits linked with NHCs and the necessity for governmental intervention to regulate NHCs within a theoretical and empirical framework. The theoretical investigation shows that NHCs can induce direct economic effects as well as spillover effects in the market of information. Whether those effects are beneficial or adverse depends on the truthfulness of the NHCs, and consumers’ perception and processing of such claims. As self regulatory forces of the market might not be sufficient to prevent...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Nutrition and health claims; Consumer deception; Information economics; Market transparency; Consumer protection policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97545

Agri-food chain relationships in Europe – empirical evidence and implications for sector competitiveness

Fischer, Christian; Hartmann, Monika; Reynolds, Nikolai; Leat, Philip M.K.; Revoredo-Giha, Cesar; Henchion, Maeve M.; Gracia, Azucena.

The roles of business relationships in selected European agri-food chains are analysed. Using survey data from 1,442 farmers, food processors and retailers in two commodity sectors (meat and cereals) and across six different EU countries, we test the empirical relevance of several theory-based determinants influencing the choice of relationship type and the sustainability of inter-enterprise relationships. This is undertaken for the overall dataset and separately for different chain stages (farmer-processor versus the processor-retailer relationships), commodities and individual countries. Overall, we find that sector and enterprise-specific determinants seem to influence the choice of a certain relationship type while chain-internal, dyadic factors affect...

INDUSTRIAL ORGANISATION OF THE FOOD INDUSTRY IN LITHUANIA: RESULTS OF AN EXPERT SURVEY IN THE DAIRY AND SUGAR BRANCH

Palavras-chave: Business relationships; Agri-food chains; Competitiveness; Agribusiness.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44265

Girgzdiene, Vilija; Hartmann, Monika; Kuodys, Arvydas; Vaikutis, Viktoras; Wandel, Jurgen.

Based on the analytical framework of the structure-conduct-performance paradigm of the theory of industrial organization, the paper analyses economic conditions that determine the degree of competitiveness in the Lithuanian dairy and sugar industry. The study is based on information from milk and sugar beet processing enterprises acquired through a survey carried out at the beginning of 1998. The results reveal that the development of market conditions and market behaviour in the sectors examined has in general progressed. This holds especially for the dairy industry. In the sugar branch state intervention is still considerable, since the sector is regarded as "strategic". Privatisation in both sectors has been almost completed. Competition can also be...

European School Fruit Scheme in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) - Does it work?

Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Industrial Organization.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14904

Wingensiefen, Sarah; Maschkowski, Gesa; Hartmann, Monika.

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123986

Development of Agricultural Market and Trade Policies in the CEE Candidate Countries.

Sepp, Mati; Gorton, Matthew; Miglavs, Andris; Kazlauskiene, Natalija; Meyers, William H.; Guba, Waldemar; Ratinger, Tomas; Safin, Marius; Simon, Françoise; Bozik, Marian; Michalek, Jerzy; Banse, Martin; Ferenczi, Tibor; Bojnec, Stefan; Turk, Jernej; Dalton, Graham E.; Turtoi, Crina Sinziana; Vincze, Maria-Magdolna; Davidova, Sophia; Ivanova, Nedka Momtscheva; Mishev, Plamen Dimitrov; Abele, Steffen; Frohberg, Klaus; Hartmann, Monika; Matthews, Alan; Weingarten, Peter.

This synthesis report focuses on the evolution of agricultural market and trade policies in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) candidate countries in the period 1997 to 2001. The developments were crucially influenced by (OECD, 2000a): • the situation in world agricultural markets; • the overall macroeconomic development in the countries considered; • the prospective EU accession; • bringing domestic agricultural policy in line with the Uruguay Agreement on Agriculture (URAA). High 1997 agricultural prices on world commodity markets were followed by a marked depression in 1998. With the exemption of milk products this trend continued in 1999. Likewise the economic and financial crisis in Russia had a considerable impact on agricultural policies. It hit...

Tipo: Book

Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; International Development; Productivity Analysis.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93083

Business Relationships and B2B Communication in Selected European Agri-food Chains – First Empirical Evidence

Fischer, Christian; Hartmann, Monika; Bavorova, Miroslava; Hockmann, Heinrich; Suvanto, Hannele; Viitaharju, Leena; Leat, Philip M.K.; Revoredo-Giha, Cesar; Henchion, Maeve M.; McGee, Claire; Dybowski, Grzegorz; Kobuszynska, Mira.

The roles of business relationships and B2B communication in selected European agri-food chains are analyzed. Using survey data from 1,026 farmers, food processors and retailers in two commodity sectors (meat and cereals) and five different EU countries (Germany, United Kingdom, Ireland, Finland, Poland), we test the empirical relevance of several theory-based determinants of relationship goodness. This is undertaken for the overall dataset and separately for different supply chain stages (farmer-processor versus the processor-retailer relationship) and for the individual countries. The estimation results, derived from structural equation modeling, suggest that the most important contributor to good business relationships is effective communication, with...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Business relationships; B2B communication; Agri-food; Value/supply chain; Structural equation modeling; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q10; Q13; Q16; Q18.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53645

TRADE POLICY AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY: THE CASE OF EXPORT SUBSIDIES

Leetmaa, Susan E.; Krissoff, Barry; Hartmann, Monika.

The United States and the European Union both employ export subsidies to stimulate wheat trade and to increase their competitiveness in world markets. The environmental consequences of these policies are being questioned. We simulate reducing or removing export subsidies for wheat from the United States and the EU using a multicountry partial equilibrium model, and we analyze the impact of export subsidy policy reform on nitrogen fertilizer and other chemical use. Our findings indicate that the U.S. EEP program cannot be blamed for environmental degradation in terms of nitrate leaching, while EU wheat subsides make only a small contribution to nitrate pollution.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31403

COMPARING MEASURES OF COMPETITIVENESS

Frohberg, Klaus; Hartmann, Monika.

In their Europe Agreements with the EU, the Central and Eastern European countries stated their intention of joining the Union. To ease the process of accession these countries must adjust their economies already prior to becoming an EU-member. Agriculture requires special attention, because it still represents a large share of the total economy in these countries. A better understanding of the competitiveness of agricultural products at domestic and EU markets is essential for providing the necessary economic framework to make the process of joining the EU as smooth as possible. Competitiveness can be analyzed at various levels of the economy: at the enterprise level, the sector level, or the level of the entire economy. Several measures exist for each of...