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Registros recuperados: 148
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Valeurs caloriques de la chair de l'huître Crassostrea gigas Thumberg : estimation directe et biochimique ArchiMer
Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Heral, Maurice.
Caloric values of the ash-free dried sofkt parts of Crassostrea gigas have been characterized, according to season using a microcalorimeter and biochemical composition. This study shows the difference between the two methods. A conversation factor (8,63 kcal-gr(-1) has been determined for lipid of pacific oyster. Thix work shows that reproduction implies a loss of energy (53% to 63%) for non juvenile oysters. The increase of energetic level necessary to growth is more important for juvenile oysters and is upper than what is lost for reproduction.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Lipid; Energetic level; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Lipide; Teneur énergétique; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1980 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1980/acte-3162.pdf
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Bilan energetique d'une population naturelle de Crepidula fornicata dans le bassin de Marennes-Oleron ArchiMer
Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Heral, Maurice; Masse, H.
An energy budget has been evaluated for a natural population of Crepidula fornicata living at low water of spring tides in the oyster farming basin of Marennes-Oleron. This budget of production was estimated according to the position along the chain. The average biomass for an individual representative of the population was equivalent to 1.87 Kjoules, and the annual consumption C was 20.08 Kjoules/year. The energy budget expressed in percent of energy consummates was: C = Pg + Pr + Ps + R + F; 100 = 4.6 + 1.6 + 0.8 + 48 + 45. This budget is compared with literature data on other herbivorous gastropods and with those calculated for Crassostrea gigas in the same locality.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Bivalvia; Crepidula fornicata; Seasonal variations; Population structure; Energy budget; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; Bilan énergétique; Crepidula fornicata.
Ano: 1983 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-1181.pdf
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Report of the workshop on shellfish bivalve cultivation, growth, modelling and impact on the ecosystem ArchiMer
Heral, Maurice; Bayne, B..
The Workshop was held in Plymouth (6-10 October 1996) in the Royal Plymouth Corinthian Yacht club organised by the Plymouth Marine Laboratory under the joint charmanships of B. Bayne et M. Héral. 36 scientists were participated to this meeting from 11 countries, 8 belonging to ICES (Annex 1) 30 communications have been presented. This meeting was supported by an European Union contrat from DG14 with a concerted action AIR3 CT 942219 on Trophic capacity of coastal zone of oysters, mussels and cockles cultivation. This contract has paid the travel cost of all the participants.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Coastal systems; Carrying capacity; Physiological results; Oyster; Shefflish bivalve.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/acte-7350.pdf
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Influence of oyster farming Crassostrea gigas on the phosphate cycle in an intertidal zone : the role of biodeposition ArchiMer
Sornin, Jean-marc; Feuillet, Michelle; Heral, Maurice; Fardeau, Jean-claude.
Some aspects of the phosphorus cycle were studied in the estuarine bay of Marennes, Oléron, an area of intensive cultivation of Crassostrea gigas on the west coast of France. The annual cycle of dissolved phosphorus (mineral and organic) in the water column, interstitial water and at the sediment-water interface was followed, as well as the particulate phosphorus (total and assimilable) in sediments and in suspension. A comparison of the seasonal variations in these different forms of phosphorus in the suspended matters shows a deficit in "biodeposits" (sedimented faeces and pseudofaeces from Crassostrea gigas) equivalent to 20 mg.m -2.d -1 for assimilable phosphorus in July and September-October. This may be the result of consumption by the oysters, since...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Phosphore; Crassoslrea gigas; Biodéposition; Dilution isotopique; Marennes-Oléron; Phosphorus; Crassostrea gigas; Biodeposition Isotopic; Dilution; Marennes-Oléron.
Ano: 1986 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/publication-2973.pdf
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Protocoles d'extraction chimique de la matière organique particulaire : application au domaine estuarien ArchiMer
Etcheber, H.; Heral, Maurice; Relaxans, J. C..
There are several bio geochemical methods of studying particulate organic matter (0,45-300 µm). The main techniques employed are described ; special attention has been paid to extractive processes (chemical attack of samples and study of extracted fraction). Although these techniques are simple, various difficulties can arise : results obtained by various authors cannot be compared when techniques used differ. Furthermore the environmental interpretation of extracted functions is not always very clear. Extractive methods, which most often use harsh chemical extractants, do not provide accurate measurements of the importance of labile organic fraction. We propose therefore a series of chemical attacks of increasing strength and a correlation of results...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: EstUARIES; Labile organic matter; Chemical extractive methods; Particulate organic matter; Extuaires; Matière organique labile; Méthode d'extraction chimique; Matière organique particulaire.
Ano: 1985 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/publication-2957.pdf
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Rapport d'activité année 1979 du Laboratoire de Biologie Conchylicole de La Tremblade ArchiMer
Heral, Maurice.
Rapport d'activité du Laboratoire de Biologie Conchylicole de La Tremblade concernant l'année 1979
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Conchyliculture; Physiologie; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis; Reproduction; Estimation stock; Croissance; Ruditapes decussatus; Ruditapes philippinarum; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1979 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18088/15636.pdf
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Effets d'enrichissements azotés sur la croissance des palourdes mises en élevage dans les claires du bassin de Marennes-Oléron ArchiMer
Goulletquer, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Prou, Jean; Garnier, Jacqueline; Taillade, Sylvie; Heral, Maurice; Peyre, R; Faivre, C.
Etant donné que la production de mollusques (palourdes ou huîtres) est limitée à 0,8 kg à 1 kg au m2 soit 40 à 50 palourdes adultes de 20 g au m2, il est intéressant d'essayer de forcer cette production en augmentant la production primaire qui est le facteur limitant de la production de palourdes. Cette production primaire dépend des apports en sels nutritifs en effet les travaux antérieurs de Zanette (1979), de Zanette et Garnier (1980), de Robert (1984) ont mis en évidence que les biomasses phytoplanctoniques ne peuvent dépasser un certain seuil à cause de l'épuisement progressif en sels nutritifs. Robert et al. (1984) ont mis en évidence, dans les claires de la Baie de Bourgneuf que l'azote est le premier facteur limitant de la croissance...
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Ano: 1985 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00389/50053/50641.pdf
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Incidence du débit de la Charente sur la capacité biotique du bassin ostréicole de Marennes-Oléron ArchiMer
Ravail, Brigitte; Heral, Maurice; Maestrini, Serge; Robert, Jean-michel.
The estuary of Charente can be considred as a vast natural zone of mixing brackish waters and marine waters of Marennes-Oleron. One part of the cruises engaged from October 1985 to November 1987, allowed to dfine the main hydrobiological features of the estuary and to estime the input of the river Charente. Cruises permitted to establish the general hydrobiological schema of the estuarine bay and showed that the river Charente does play a part in the salinity and nitrogen inputs on marine waters.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Estuaire; Charente; Marennes-Oléron; Panache de dispersion; Eaux douce; Impact.
Ano: 1988 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12663/9552.pdf
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Retention efficiency in oyster Crassostrea gigas exposed to variable food quantity and quality ArchiMer
Barille, Laurent; Prou, Jean; Heral, Maurice; Bougrier, Serge.
Relative retention efficiency (Er%) of Crassostrea gigas was estimated in the laboratory with 7 diets consisting of algae and silt. Total particulates varied from 1.34 mg/l in natural sea water to 27.65 mg/l in natural sea water enriched with silt. It was also calculated from field experiment to get high concentration of seston up to 66 mg/l. It appeared that Crassostrea gigas did not adjust its retention according to the food quality and the gill porosity was controlled by the concentration of particulate matter. In low seston load (1.34 mg/l) the oyster showed no change in retention for particles larger than 3-4 µm (Equivalent Spherical Diameter, ESD) but at the highest concentration (66 mg/l) it could only retain with a maximum efficiency particles...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Dietary quality; Particle concentration; Physiological model; Retention efficiency.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00100/21096/18721.pdf
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Approche de la capacité trophique d'un écosystème conchylicole ArchiMer
Heral, Maurice; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Prou, Jean.
After a short bibliographical study of the different approaches for determination of the trophic capacity of a bay for molluscs culture, the authors, with a global mode, show the relations between the growth performance of the oysters Crassostrea gigas in relation with the cultivated stocks. The volumes of consumed and assimilated food are calculated for the stocks in relation with the incoming volumes of water in the bay and the residence time for neap tide and spring tide. The authors find a decrease of growth rate in relation with the volume of consumed food. When it is above 60% and when the volume of assimilated food is above 20%, there is a large decrease of the growth of oysters.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Stock assessment; Models; Food consumption; Growth; Biomass; Stock cultivé; Biomasse; Croissance; Modèle; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Capacité trophique.
Ano: 1988 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/acte-3834.PDF
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Du bassin versant au territoire maritime : la ressource hydrique objet d'une recherche intégrée et finalisée. L'exemple du bassin versant de la Charente et de la "Mer des Pertuis" ArchiMer
Delmas, François; Heral, Maurice; Laplana, Ramon; Loubersac, Lionel; Prou, Jean.
Parmi les régions Ouest Européennes, la région Poitou Charentes se caractérise dans sa dimension économique par la présence d'activités où les cultures marines, l'agriculture et le tourisme occupent une place prédominante. Cette identité, partagée par d' autres régions, notamment atlantiques, s'appuie sur l'exploitation de la ressource hydrique et implique de plus en plus des critères de haute qualité tant vis à vis des produits finis agricoles, conchylicoles, touristiques que vis à vis de l'environnement, des paysages et des eaux. Sur cet ensemble de points la Région est dotée d'atouts indiscutables. Cependant les contraintes liées à la disponibilité de la ressource hydrique continentale comme marine et à son maintien à un bon niveau de qualité, font...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Conchyliculture; Agriculture; Charente; Marennes Oléron; Transfert eau; Modèle trophique; Gestion eau.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00018/12933/9898.pdf
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Influence des Peintures Antisalissures a Base d'Organostanniques sur la Calcification de la Coquille de l'Huitre Crassostrea gigas. ArchiMer
Alzieu, Claude; Heral, Maurice; Thibaud, Yves; Dardignac, Marie-jose; Feuillet, Michèle.
Experiments in oyster-breeding areas where oyster Crassostrea gigas suffers from anomalies of calcification, show an obvious correlation between the importance of the malformation of shells and the vicinity of port areas where a great number of boats usually stay. Organotin compounds contained in antifouling paints, and more precisely Tributyltin fluoride (TBTF) induce, in experimental environment, similar anomalies to those observed in natural environment. The amounts of total tin in the tissues of oysters living in the vicinity of spots where organotin products are brought in, can reach high values, though they appear to decrease rapidly whereas the environmental contamination lessens. The authors suggest that results of organotin upon the mechanisms of...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Pollution effects; Toxicity; Calcification; Fouling control; Paints.
Ano: 1981 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1981/publication-1898.pdf
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Report of the study group on pollution affecting shellfish in aquaculture and natural populations - 1991 ArchiMer
Heral, Maurice; Meixner, R.; Spencer, B.; Walsh, G.; Worms, J..
This document is a report of a Study Group of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea and does not necessarily represent the views of the Council. Therefore it should not he quoted without consultation with the General Secretary.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Natural populations; Aquaculture; Shellfish; Pollution; Populations naturelles; Aquaculture; Coquillages; Pollution.
Ano: 1991 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/acte-3048.pdf
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Les substances dissoutes dans les eaux du Bassin Marennes-Oléron et dans les eaux interstitielles de ses parcs conchylicoles : résultats préliminaires ArchiMer
Feuillet, Michelle; Heral, Maurice; Razet, Daniel; Guerguin, F.; Abrioux, M. F..
The bassin of Marennes-Oléron, estuary medium shows very strong rates in total dissolved carbon and more particularly in sugars. It appears that the MOD could be directly used by oysters. There energy contribution could be enough for breeding Crassostrea gigas.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: MOD; Substances organiques dissoutes; Marennes Oléron; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Nutrition.
Ano: 1979 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1979/acte-3000.pdf
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Combined effects of temperature-salinity on larval survival of the Eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica in the Maryland portion of the Chesapeak Bay (USA) ArchiMer
Goulletquer, Philippe; Heral, Maurice; Prou, Jean.
Oyster landings in the Maryland portion of the Chesapeake Bay have declined by more than 50fold since the early part of the century, despite intensive management efforts. The annual shell repletion program is the most critical programmatic element to effect recovery of the ailing Eastern oyster Crassotrea virginica stock and fishery. The overall efficacy of shell repletion management depends primarily on the success of spat settlement on the planted shell, and furthermore on their survival rate. The Operations Research techniques and mathematical programming developed by Rothschild et al. (1991) attempt to maximize spat recruitment to the oyster stock subject to a series of operational constraints. Allocation and timing of shell deployment are the most...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Larval; Settlement; USA; Chesapeake Bay; Crassotrea virginica; Oysters.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/publication-3074.pdf
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Evolution et état du cheptel ostréicole dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron: intérêt d'une régulation ArchiMer
Heral, Maurice; Bacher, Cedric; Razet, Daniel; Prou, Jean; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
Le bassin conchylicole de Marennes-Oléron assure 40 % des 100 000 tonnes d ' huîtres commercialisées annuellement en moyenne en France (20 000 emplois, 1 milliard de chiffre d'affaire) . La modélisation des équilibres qui s'établissent entre l es stocks mis en culture , et la production annuelle , réalisée par la station IFREMER de La Tremblade , a mis en évidence les résultats suivants : Lorsque la biomasse augmente : a) La production plafonne vers 40 000 tonnes pour une biomasse de l'ordre de 80 000 tonnes avec l'huître japonaise, ce qui correspond à une biomasse équivalente de 130 000 tonnes d'huîtres portugaises. b) La durée du cycle de production d'une huître de 70 g passe de 2 ans à 4 ans. c) Les mortalités courantes passent simultanément de 20 % à...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Production; Ostréiculture; Biomasse; Modélisation; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1986 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15909/13338.pdf
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Utilisation des dosages d'adenosine tri-phosphate (A T P) dans l'estimation des pertes de matières vivantes au cours du transit dans les condenseurs de la centrale de Dunkerque ArchiMer
Heral, Maurice.
Some adenosine triphosphate measurements enabled us to quantify the planktonic mortality caused by the transfer of cooling waters in the condensers of the thermic plant of Dunkerque. Concerning phytoplankton, the chlorine used as a biocide causes a loss of 70 to 95 % of the absorbed biomass. An ATP extraction method has been developed for zooplankton in order to monitor the evolution of live planktont. Results show that losses are low, if not null and that some species seem to proliferate right next to the discharge. Another approach of fish larva mortality rate, through counting on the aspiration grids seems to prove it very high.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Rejet; Centrale thermique; Mortalité planctonique; Dosages adénosine triphosphate.
Ano: 1976 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1976/acte-6215.PDF
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Conditions d'apparition de densités accrues de dinoflagellés Dinophysis dans le pertuis d'Antioche et les eaux adjacentes. Campagnes Dinopertuis 89 ArchiMer
Delmas, Daniel; Herbland, Alain; Maestrini, Serge; Mornet, Francoise; Morand, Philippe; Spano, Anna-maria; Burgeot, Thierry; Margat, Sylvie; Charpentier, Gabriel; Fillon, Alain; Leguay, Didier; Thomas, Gerard; Bacher, Cedric; Heral, Maurice; Prou, Jean.
Environmental and species features which lead to increases in cell density of the D.S.P. Dinoflagellate Dinophysis in inshore and offshore waters of the île de Ré - île d'Oléron area, France (cruises "Dinopertuis89"). Four weekly sampling series have been carried out, within 10 May – 31 May 1989, at 24 stations located from inshore to offshore waters of the "île de Ré" - "île d’Oléron" area, with the aim to investigate (i) whether Dinophysis increases in cell density occur first in offshore waters and then, eventually, are pushed to the coast, or develop simultaneously in the whole area, and (ii) whether there are some environmental conditions which are related to Dinophysis blooms. Depths of sampling have been stated on the bas is of STD profiles. All...
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Ano: 1990 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00174/28532/26916.pdf
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Bilan énergétique chez les mollusques bivalves : terminologie et méthodologie - Compte rendu du groupe de travail réuni au laboratoire national "Ecosystème conchylicole" de l'IFREMER La Tremblade (13 et 14 septembre 1984) ArchiMer
Heral, Maurice; Lucas, Albert; Deslous Paoli, Jean-marc; Goulletquer, Philippe; Masse, Henri; LABEIM (Laboratoire de Biologie et d'Ecologie des Invertébrés Marins).
En septembre 1984, MM. HERAL et DESLOUS-PAOLI organisèrent à La Tremblade, une "réunion méthodologie expérimentale mollusques". Cette rencontre faisait suite à un bref état qui s'était engagé au Congrès de Montpellier sur les "Bases biologiques de l'Aquaculture", où il était apparu que la terminologie et la méthodologie concernant le métabolisme des bivalves devaient être clarifiées. Grâce à une large information auprès des spécialistes français de la physiologie des bivalves, la réunion à La Tremblade a réuni un grand nombre de participants très motivés. Pendant 2 jours des discussions très animées ont permis de bien comprendre les échanges entre les bivalves et leur environnement et d'y jeter un regard neuf, ce qui impliquait une analyse critique du...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Terminologie; Méthodologie; Bilan d'énergie; Physiologie; Bivalve; Terminology; Methodology; Energy budget; Physiology; Bivalve molluscs.
Ano: 1987 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00014/12562/9432.pdf
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Contrat aménagement de la zone de marais : conséquence de l'aménagement agricole sur les autres activités - Compte rendu final de la recherche Mars 1989 ArchiMer
Chevalier, Claude; Heral, Maurice; Razet, Daniel.
Dans le contexte de développement agricole très actif des trente dernières années les marais atlantiques littoraux qui couvrent, pour leur partie endiguée environ 300.000 ha. ont été et continuent d'être soumis à des transformations importantes qui influent sur la circulation et la qualité des eaux de surface. Ce développement, visant à une amélioration de la productivité et à une meilleure intégration de l' activité agricole dans les grands processus économiques, s'est appuyé, là comme ailleurs, sur les intensifications fourragère et surtout céréalière. L'adaptation de ce modèle général aux caractéristiques écologiques du milieu nécessitait de limiter les effets des excès d'eau hivernaux sur la mise en culture ainsi que ceux de la sécheresse estivale sur...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Marais atlantique; Littoral; Agriculture; Conchyliculture; Impact; Compatibilité; Charente Maritime Dep..
Ano: 1989 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00071/18235/15795.pdf
Registros recuperados: 148
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